本文選題：施肥 + 植物多樣性　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)》2016年11期

【摘要】：以藏北高寒草地為研究對(duì)象,探討不同施肥模式對(duì)高寒草地植物物種組成、物種多樣性及生產(chǎn)力的影響。結(jié)果表明,與不施肥處理相比,施肥處理的草地地上生物量提高幅度為23.6%~199%,其中施氮磷肥(NP)和施氮磷有機(jī)肥(ONP)的地上生物量較高,分別是不施肥(CK)的2.99倍和2.11倍,而單施有機(jī)肥(O)雖然能夠提高草地生產(chǎn)力,但與CK相比無(wú)顯著差異。高寒草地施肥由于限制了一部分罕見(jiàn)雜類(lèi)草物種的生長(zhǎng)而降低了高寒草地的物種豐富度。與CK相比,施氮磷有機(jī)肥(ONP)與單施有機(jī)肥(O)的物種數(shù)分別降低6.9%和10.3%(P0.05),而施氮磷肥(NP)的物種數(shù)則降低了20.7%(P0.05)。施肥后草地植物群落的Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)和Pielou均勻度指數(shù)均有降低趨勢(shì)。其中施有機(jī)肥(O)與施氮磷有機(jī)肥(ONP)處理的Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)與CK相比并無(wú)顯著差異,而施氮磷肥(NP)處理的Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)與CK相比則降低10.5%(P0.05)。綜合分析,施氮磷有機(jī)肥(ONP)的方式不僅顯著提高高寒草地的植物生產(chǎn)力,而且沒(méi)有引起植物多樣性的顯著變化,為供試條件下實(shí)現(xiàn)藏北草地恢復(fù)的最佳途徑。
[Abstract]:The effects of different fertilization patterns on species composition, species diversity and productivity of alpine grassland in northern Tibet were studied. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of fertilized grassland was 23.699 and 2.11 times higher than that of no fertilizer application, respectively. The aboveground biomass of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (NPN) and nitrogen and phosphorus organic fertilizer (ONPP) were 2.99 and 2.11 times higher than that of no fertilizer application, respectively. However, organic fertilizer application alone could improve grassland productivity, but there was no significant difference compared with CK. Fertilization on alpine grassland reduces the species richness of alpine grassland because of limiting the growth of some rare hybrid species. Compared with CK, the number of plant species decreased by 6.9% and 10.3%, respectively, and the number of species of N and P fertilizer (NPN) decreased by 20.7% and 10.3%, respectively, compared with that of CK. The Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou evenness index of grassland plant community decreased after fertilization. There was no significant difference in Shannon-Wiener index between the treatments of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer (N and P) and CK, but the Shannon-Wiener index of treatment treated with NPN was lower than that of CK. Comprehensive analysis showed that the application of nitrogen and phosphorus organic fertilizer (ONPN) not only significantly improved the plant productivity of alpine grassland, but also did not cause significant changes in plant diversity, which was the best way to realize the restoration of grassland in northern Tibet under the condition of trial.
【作者單位】： 北京市園林科學(xué)研究院園林綠地生態(tài)功能評(píng)價(jià)與調(diào)控技術(shù)北京市重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究所農(nóng)業(yè)部農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境與氣候變化重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃(2012BAC01B02) 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(31170460,31470705) 西藏那曲地區(qū)與中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院合作資助項(xiàng)目~~
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S812.4
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本文編號(hào)：1998642