發(fā)布時間：2018-04-15 22:12

  本文選題：奶牛 + 乳房炎�。� 參考：《揚州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：乳房炎是奶牛產后常見疾病,同時也是造成奶牛行業(yè)經濟損失最嚴重的疾病之一。奶牛在泌乳期易受到氧化應激的影響,導致奶牛乳房炎的患病風險增加,進而造成奶牛生產性能的降低,給養(yǎng)殖業(yè)造成巨大的損失。本試驗選取30頭患乳房炎的病牛為實驗組,15頭健康奶牛為對照組,通過分析奶牛乳房炎的發(fā)病情況和主要病原菌流行狀況,血液理化指標以及血清中抗氧化酶水平,乳汁體細胞數(shù)和乳成分的改變,綜合分析乳房炎對奶牛的影響,為奶牛乳房炎的診斷、治療和預防提供參考資料。試驗結果如下:1.患乳房炎奶牛的血液理化指標的檢測乳房炎奶牛血液中白細胞總數(shù)較健康奶牛極顯著升高(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血液中嗜中性粒細胞數(shù)較健康奶牛顯著升高(p0.05),乳房炎奶牛血液中淋巴細胞數(shù)和單核細胞數(shù)與健康奶牛相比,無顯著性差異(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血液中嗜中性粒細胞百分比較健康奶牛顯著性升高(p0.05),乳房炎奶牛血液中淋巴細胞百分比和單核細胞百分比和健康奶牛無顯著性差異(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血清中AST、GLU和CHOL含量較健康奶牛極顯著升高(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血清中ALP和TBIL含量較健康奶牛顯著性升高(p0.05);乳房炎奶牛血清中ALT、GGT、TG、DBIL、IDBIL、TP和GLO含量較健康奶牛無顯著性差異(p0.05)。2.患乳房炎奶牛血清中抗氧化酶活性的檢測乳房炎患牛血清中抗氧化酶活性均顯著降低,其中乳房炎奶牛血清中SOD和CAT含量較健康奶牛顯著性降低,差異顯著(p0.05),血清中GSH-Px的活力降低,差異極顯著(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛血清中MDA含量顯著性升高,差異顯著(p0.05)。3.乳房炎對奶牛乳汁體細胞數(shù)及乳汁成分的影響乳房炎奶牛乳汁體細胞數(shù)與健康奶牛相比明顯增高,差異極顯著(p0.01);乳房炎奶牛乳汁成分中乳脂率、乳糖率和乳蛋白率有顯著性變化,其中乳房炎奶牛乳汁中乳脂率和乳糖率較健康奶牛明顯降低,差異極顯著(p0.01);乳房炎乳汁中乳蛋白率較健康奶牛顯著性升高,差異顯著(p0.05);乳汁中的非脂固形物率,在乳房炎奶牛和健康奶牛乳汁中無明顯差異性(p0.05)。4.引起奶牛乳房炎的病原菌分離鑒定與藥敏試驗實驗顯示:引起本試驗中奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌為無乳鏈球菌和葡萄球菌。其中無乳鏈球菌,占68.42%;葡萄球菌次之,其中金黃色葡萄球菌占13.16%,凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌占10.53%;藥敏試驗結果表明,主要致病菌對阿莫西林克拉維酸、頭孢唑啉、頭孢氨芐、頭孢哌酮和頭孢噻呋敏感;對林可霉素耐藥,其中金黃色葡萄球菌和凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌對青霉素、氨芐西林嚴重耐藥,而無乳鏈球菌對鏈霉素和卡那霉素普遍存在耐藥性。由上述結果可知,乳房炎引起了奶牛血液理化指標改變,并導致奶牛糖代謝和脂代謝異常;乳房炎發(fā)生時,機體全身的抗氧化能力急劇下降,隨著自由基的蓄積,加重了對奶牛乳腺的氧化損傷;乳房炎對乳汁SCC以及乳汁成分有著顯著性的影響;引起本試驗中奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌是金黃色葡萄球菌、凝固酶陰性葡萄球菌和鏈球菌,藥敏試驗結果提示在臨床用藥時要結合不同的致病菌及其藥物敏感性情況合理用藥,治療效果會更好。
[Abstract]:Mastitis is a common disease of postpartum cows, but also one of the most serious economic losses caused by the dairy industry. The cow disease affected by oxidative stress in the lactation period, leading to the risk of cow mastitis prevalence increased, resulting in lower production performance of dairy cows, causing huge losses to the aquaculture industry. This study selected 30 head mastitis disease cattle as the experimental group, 15 healthy cows as the control group, the prevalence and incidence of main pathogens of cow mastitis bacteria, biochemical index and antioxidant enzyme levels in serum, milk somatic cell count and milk composition changes, comprehensive analysis of effect of mastitis of dairy cows, for the diagnosis of bovine mastitis, treatment and provide reference materials. The results are as follows: the total number of white blood cells to detect mastitis mastitis of dairy cows 1. blood biochemical index is very healthy cows Increased significantly (P0.01); mastitis blood neutrophil counts compared with healthy cows increased significantly (P0.05), lymphocytic mastitis in the blood and number of mononuclear cells compared with healthy cows, no significant difference (P0.05); mastitis blood neutrophil percentage of healthy cows significantly increased (P0.05), no significant difference in the blood of dairy cows mastitis lymphocyte percentage and the percentage of mononuclear cells and healthy cow mastitis (P0.05); serum AST, GLU and CHOL levels were significantly elevated Healthy Cows Mastitis (P0.01); the serum ALP and TBIL levels were significantly higher (P0.05 healthy cows); mastitis cow serum ALT, GGT, TG, DBIL, IDBIL, there was no significant difference between the TP and GLO content compared with healthy cows (P0.05).2. with antioxidant enzyme activity in serum of dairy cow mastitis detection of serum anti mastitis cows Enzyme activity decreased significantly, the mastitis serum SOD and CAT content compared with healthy cows was decreased significantly (P0.05), serum GSH-Px activity decreased significantly (P0.01); the content of MDA in serum of dairy cow mastitis increased significantly, the difference was significant (P0.05).3. effect on mastitis milk somatic cell count and milk composition of dairy cow mastitis and milk somatic cell count were significantly higher than healthy cows, significant difference (P0.01); milk yield of dairy cow mastitis milk, lactose and milk protein content have significant changes in milk fat and lactose compared with healthy cows mastitis milk to reduce the rate of the difference extremely significant (P0.01); mastitis milk milk protein rate than healthy cows increased significantly, significant difference (P0.05); non fat milk solids rate in dairy cows and milk cow mastitis in ignorance of health A significant difference (P0.05) caused by.4. display experimental isolation and identification of pathogens and drug sensitivity of mastitis in dairy cows: the main pathogens causing mastitis in this experiment for Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus. The Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 68.42%; the second, which accounted for 13.16% of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 10.53%; drug sensitivity test showed that the main pathogens of amoxicillin clavulanic acid, cefazolin and cephalexin, cefoperazone and ceftiofur sensitive to kanamycin resistance; Lin Ke, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococcus to penicillin, ampicillin and drug-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae, streptomycin and card kanamycin resistance exists. From the above result, mastitis caused cow blood biochemical index change, and lead to glucose and lipid metabolism of Dairy Cows Mastitis is abnormal; The body, the antioxidant capacity decreased sharply, with the accumulation of free radicals, aggravate the oxidative damage of dairy cow; mastitis have a significant influence on milk and SCC milk composition; main pathogens causing mastitis in this experiment is Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, drug sensitivity the test results suggest that the clinical application of combination of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity situation of rational use of different treatment, the effect will be better.

【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S858.23

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