本文關(guān)鍵詞： 拉曼光譜 獸藥檢測(cè) 光學(xué)設(shè)計(jì) 透射式系統(tǒng)　出處：《中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：獸藥可以有效防治動(dòng)物的疾病,對(duì)畜牧業(yè)的健康發(fā)展發(fā)揮著重要的作用。然而,一些企業(yè)在藥品中非法摻雜其他物質(zhì)冒充藥物的有效成分,從而延誤治療,給養(yǎng)殖戶造成了巨大的損失。這些摻雜成分與藥品性狀相似,肉眼難以分辨,需要專業(yè)的儀器進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。分析檢測(cè)技術(shù)需要滿足準(zhǔn)確、快速、簡(jiǎn)便、經(jīng)濟(jì)等要求,其中任何一項(xiàng)的缺失,都會(huì)限制該技術(shù)的推廣使用。目前,假藥檢測(cè)方法主要有化學(xué)法、色譜法和光譜法。其中,拉曼光譜法是以拉曼散射為基礎(chǔ)的光譜分析技術(shù),它具有速度快、非接觸、無(wú)損傷、所需樣品量少且無(wú)需預(yù)處理等優(yōu)點(diǎn),非常適合藥品的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)快速檢測(cè)。隨著便攜式拉曼光譜儀的出現(xiàn)和化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)方法的發(fā)展,拉曼光譜分析在藥品檢測(cè)方面的優(yōu)勢(shì)更加凸顯。本文通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了獸藥摻假的拉曼光譜檢測(cè),并設(shè)計(jì)了用于獸藥摻假檢測(cè)的拉曼光譜儀光學(xué)系統(tǒng),主要內(nèi)容包括:(1)本文通過(guò)拉曼光譜實(shí)驗(yàn)與化學(xué)計(jì)量學(xué)方法相結(jié)合,研究了獸藥摻假的拉曼光譜分析方法,為拉曼光譜儀的設(shè)計(jì)提供實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)。首先介紹了偏最小二乘法的定性判別和定量分析原理,然后以獸藥中的常用藥青霉素作為研究對(duì)象,基于偏最小二乘法,對(duì)摻葡萄糖和淀粉的青霉素樣品進(jìn)行了定性判別,并對(duì)摻假藥品中的青霉素含量進(jìn)行了定量分析。其中包括校正集的選取,奇異樣本剔除以及各種預(yù)處理方法及其組合對(duì)模型的影響等。(2)本文根據(jù)獸藥檢測(cè)的需求,設(shè)計(jì)了便攜式拉曼光譜儀的外光路系統(tǒng)。外光路系統(tǒng)包括激光激發(fā)和散射光收集兩部分。激發(fā)光路與激光器輸出光纖的數(shù)值孔徑相匹配,放大率為1:1,系統(tǒng)的點(diǎn)列圖大小與愛(ài)里斑相當(dāng),聚焦能力強(qiáng)。散射光收集光路的物方數(shù)值孔徑達(dá)到0.44,能夠使更大角度的拉曼散射光進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)。所設(shè)計(jì)的散射光收集光路,零視場(chǎng)和50μm視場(chǎng)的點(diǎn)列圖的均方根半徑分別為3.949μm和5.074μm,半徑10μm的圓內(nèi)能量超過(guò)95%。(3)本文設(shè)計(jì)了透射式體全息光柵分光的拉曼光譜儀光學(xué)系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)Kogelnik耦合波理論,分析了體全息光柵的衍射特性;設(shè)計(jì)了透射式拉曼光譜儀光學(xué)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)的長(zhǎng)度小于10cm,物方數(shù)值孔徑達(dá)到0.22,在790-1014nm的光譜范圍內(nèi),分辨率為0.6nm。
[Abstract]:Veterinary drugs can effectively prevent and cure animal diseases and play an important role in the healthy development of animal husbandry. However, some enterprises illegally adulterate other substances into drugs and impersonate the active components of drugs, thus delaying treatment. These adulterated ingredients are similar to the properties of drugs, difficult to distinguish with the naked eye, and need professional instruments to detect. The analytical and detection techniques need to meet the requirements of accuracy, speed, simplicity, economy, etc. The lack of any of them will limit the use of the technology. At present, the methods for detecting counterfeit drugs are mainly chemical, chromatographic and spectroscopic methods, among which Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique based on Raman scattering. It has the advantages of high speed, no contact, no damage, less sample quantity and no pretreatment, etc. It is very suitable for the field rapid detection of drugs. With the development of portable Raman spectrometer and chemometrics, The advantage of Raman spectrum analysis in drug detection is more prominent. In this paper, the Raman spectrum of veterinary drug adulteration is detected through experiments, and the optical system of Raman spectrometer is designed for the detection of veterinary drug adulteration. The main contents include: (1) in this paper, the Raman spectrum analysis method of adulteration of veterinary drugs is studied by combining Raman spectroscopy with chemometrics. The principle of qualitative discrimination and quantitative analysis of partial least square method is introduced. Then penicillin, a common drug in veterinary medicine, is used as the research object, based on partial least square method. The penicillin samples doped with glucose and starch were qualitatively distinguished, and the content of penicillin in adulterated drugs was quantitatively analyzed. According to the demand of veterinary drug detection, this paper is based on the requirements of veterinary drug detection, such as the elimination of singular samples and the effects of various preprocessing methods and their combinations on the model. The external optical path system of the portable Raman spectrometer is designed. The external optical path system consists of two parts: laser excitation and scattering light collection. The excitation path matches the numerical aperture of the laser output fiber. With a magnification of 1: 1, the system's plot size is the same as that of the Alli spot, and it has a strong focusing power. The scattering light collection path has a numerical aperture of 0.44, which enables the Raman scattering light at a larger angle to enter the system. The root-mean-square radii of zero field of view and 50 渭 m field of view are 3.949 渭 m and 5.074 渭 m, respectively. The diffraction characteristics of volume holographic grating are analyzed, the optical system of transmission Raman spectrometer is designed, the length of the system is less than 10 cm, the numerical aperture of object is 0.22, and the resolution is 0.6 nm in the range of 790-1014 nm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S859.79

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