本文關(guān)鍵詞： 規(guī)�；驁�(chǎng) 流行病學(xué) 病原菌 分離鑒定 免疫佐劑 疫苗　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近幾年來,羊肉價(jià)格持續(xù)攀升,激發(fā)了人們的養(yǎng)羊熱情,農(nóng)區(qū)養(yǎng)羊戶和羊場(chǎng)不斷增多,羊場(chǎng)規(guī)模也不斷增大。但是,羊場(chǎng)的管理水平和疫病防控意識(shí)相對(duì)滯后,加上羊只買賣交易頻率增大,疫病的威脅也越來越大,部分羊場(chǎng)的疫病始終難以得到有效控制。2014年,在棗莊市山亭區(qū)、市中區(qū)、嶧城區(qū)、滕州市以及萊蕪市等魯中南地區(qū)的多個(gè)規(guī)模化羊場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)以呼吸道癥狀為主的傳染性疫病,給養(yǎng)羊戶帶來很大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。此次疫病發(fā)病急促,死亡率高,伴有體溫升高、呼吸困難等癥狀,剖檢肺部有明顯的病變,但致病原因不詳。為探明病原,尋找科學(xué)合理的防治措施進(jìn)行了本研究。本研究對(duì)多個(gè)規(guī)�；驁�(chǎng)進(jìn)行了流行病學(xué)調(diào)查,分析了疫病流行的基本規(guī)律。對(duì)采集的75頭份典型病料進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè),從中分離出4種主要病原菌,通過分離培養(yǎng)、菌落染色觀察、染色鏡檢、初步確定了主要的致病菌為鏈球菌、葡萄球菌、大腸桿菌和溶血性曼氏桿菌。對(duì)4種病原菌進(jìn)行了生化試驗(yàn)、藥敏試驗(yàn)、小鼠功毒試驗(yàn)以及細(xì)菌的16SrRNA序列測(cè)定等試驗(yàn),通過實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的分析,再次確認(rèn)了4致病菌,其中溶血性曼氏桿菌的致病性和致死性最強(qiáng)。為了找到有效的防控措施,在對(duì)發(fā)病規(guī)律、可能的致病因子分析等基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合本實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究進(jìn)展及成果,嘗試研制泰山松花粉多糖作為佐劑的滅活苗和白油為佐劑滅活苗。通過疫苗的安全性試驗(yàn),動(dòng)物保護(hù)性試驗(yàn)以及血清中抗體效價(jià)水平、白介素-4、CD4+、CD8+等的檢測(cè),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):泰山松花粉多糖佐劑滅活苗和白油滅活苗均有一定的免疫原性及免疫保護(hù)力。其中,泰山松花粉多糖佐劑疫苗免疫效果更好,對(duì)小鼠的保護(hù)率可達(dá)到70%,更適于臨床疫病的防治。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the mutton price continues to rise, which has aroused people's enthusiasm for sheep raising. The number of sheep farmers and sheep farms in agricultural areas is increasing, and the scale of sheep farms is also increasing. However, the management level of sheep farms and the awareness of disease prevention and control are relatively lagging behind. In addition, with the increase of sheep trading frequency, the threat of epidemic disease is growing, some sheep farms are always difficult to effectively control the epidemic. 2014, in Zaozhuang Shanting District, Central District, Yicheng District. In Tengzhou City and Laiwu City, many large-scale sheep farms in the central and southern regions of Shandong Province have been infected with infectious blight mainly with respiratory symptoms, which has brought great economic losses to sheep farmers. The disease has a rapid onset and a high mortality rate. Accompanied by hyperthermia, dyspnea and other symptoms, there are obvious pathological changes in the lungs, but the cause of the disease is unknown. This study was carried out in order to find scientific and reasonable control measures. Epidemiological investigation was carried out on many large-scale sheep farms. In this paper, the basic laws of epidemic were analyzed, and 75 samples of typical diseases were tested in laboratory. Four kinds of main pathogens were isolated from the samples, which were isolated and cultured, observed by colony staining, and stained by microscope. The main pathogenic bacteria were Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Escherichia coli and Manella haemolyticus. Through the analysis of the experimental results, the 4 pathogenic bacteria were confirmed again by the experiments such as mouse toxicity test and 16s rRNA sequencing of bacteria. In order to find the effective prevention and control measures, on the basis of the analysis of the disease law and possible pathogenic factors, combined with the research progress and results of our laboratory. The inactivated vaccine of pine pollen polysaccharide as adjuvant and the inactivated vaccine with white oil as adjuvant were studied. The results of CD8 et al showed that the inactivated vaccine and white oil inactivated vaccine had certain immunogenicity and immune protection, among which, Taishan pine pollen polysaccharide adjuvant vaccine had better immunogenicity. The protective rate of mice can reach 70%, which is more suitable for the prevention and treatment of clinical blight.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S858.26

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