本文關(guān)鍵詞： 檢疫犬 人-機(jī)-犬查驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ?禁止進(jìn)境物 檢驗(yàn)檢疫　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：檢疫犬是用于在國境口岸將動(dòng)植物產(chǎn)品等應(yīng)檢物從入境旅客攜帶物中搜檢出來的工作犬,是我國近十幾年來采用的一種輔助進(jìn)行檢疫查驗(yàn)的工作犬。檢疫犬作為檢驗(yàn)檢疫工作中一種特殊的檢測手段,就是利用犬靈敏的嗅覺,在入、出境旅客的攜帶物、郵寄包裹或在運(yùn)輸貨物中,搜檢出按國家有關(guān)規(guī)定禁止攜帶、郵寄、運(yùn)輸?shù)奈锲?肉制品、水產(chǎn)品、水果、蔬菜、種子等)的一種工作犬。檢疫犬能夠辨別出上千種動(dòng)植物產(chǎn)品的氣味。檢疫犬作為一種新的檢疫查驗(yàn)手段,在改善旅郵檢查驗(yàn)方式,防止境外有害生物傳入等方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。檢疫犬的應(yīng)用可以彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)的人工檢查以及X光機(jī)檢查的不足,通過使用"人-機(jī)-犬"查驗(yàn)新模式,能夠有效地減少逃漏檢現(xiàn)象,提高查驗(yàn)的準(zhǔn)確率和有害生物的檢出率,防止境外有害生物的傳入。這項(xiàng)工作填補(bǔ)了工作犬在我國檢驗(yàn)檢疫領(lǐng)域中應(yīng)用的空白,使我國成為繼美國、加拿大、澳大利亞、新西蘭、日本之后又一個(gè)開展檢疫犬應(yīng)用的國家,進(jìn)一步提高了我國檢驗(yàn)檢疫工作的有效性。吉林出入境檢驗(yàn)檢疫局長春機(jī)場辦事處從2009年開始引入并使用檢疫犬,采用"人-機(jī)-犬"三位一體查驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ�。該查�?yàn)?zāi)Ｊ教岣吡私惯M(jìn)境的動(dòng)植物產(chǎn)品的截獲率,提高了查驗(yàn)工作效率,擴(kuò)大了檢驗(yàn)檢疫部門在旅客中的知名度和影響力,提升了檢驗(yàn)檢疫部門的親和力,對宣傳檢驗(yàn)檢疫法律和常識(shí)起到了一定的作用。但目前在檢疫犬的具體應(yīng)用過程中還存在很多問題,例如需要專門的查驗(yàn)場地、旅客的接納程度不夠、逃漏檢現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生、動(dòng)物福利不到位等。本文擬從檢疫犬的選擇、飼養(yǎng)、訓(xùn)練、使用、優(yōu)勢和不足等方面探究檢疫犬在長春機(jī)場的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,闡明檢疫犬在入境旅檢查驗(yàn)過程中的重要作用以及不足之處,以期為今后完善"人-機(jī)-犬"三位一體查驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｊ教峁﹨⒖?并為其他口岸合理使用檢疫犬提供參考。
[Abstract]:A quarantine dog is a working dog which is used to search and search for animal and plant products and other objects carried by inbound passengers at border ports. It is a kind of working dog which is used in our country in recent ten years to assist quarantine inspection. As a special detection method in inspection and quarantine work, quarantine dog is to use the dog's sensitive smell to enter. Articles (meat products, aquatic products, fruits and vegetables) that are prohibited to be carried, mailed or transported by outbound passengers by mail, parcels or in the transport of goods according to the relevant provisions of the State. The quarantine dog is capable of identifying the odour of thousands of animal and plant products. The quarantine dog, as a new means of quarantine inspection, is improving the inspection methods of travel mail. The application of quarantine dogs can make up for the deficiency of traditional manual inspection and X-ray machine inspection, and use the new mode of "man-machine-dog" inspection. It can effectively reduce the phenomenon of escape and miss detection, improve the accuracy of inspection and the detection rate of pests, prevent the introduction of foreign pests. This work fills the blank in the field of inspection and quarantine of working dogs in China. China has become a quarantine dog after the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan. The effectiveness of inspection and quarantine work in China has been further improved. Changchun Airport Office of Jilin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau has introduced and used quarantine dogs since 2009. The "man-machine-dog" trinity model is adopted, which improves the interception rate of animal and plant products prohibited from entering the country and improves the efficiency of the inspection work. Expanded the inspection and quarantine department in the passenger visibility and influence, enhanced inspection and quarantine department affinity. It has played a certain role in publicizing inspection and quarantine laws and common sense. However, there are still many problems in the concrete application of quarantine dogs at present, such as the need for special inspection sites, the degree of acceptance of passengers is not enough. This article intends to explore the application status of quarantine dogs in Changchun airport from the selection, breeding, training, use, advantages and disadvantages of quarantine dogs. This paper expounds the important role and shortcomings of quarantine dogs in the process of entry inspection and inspection in order to provide a reference for perfecting the "man-machine-dog" trinity inspection model in the future. It also provides reference for the reasonable use of quarantine dogs in other ports.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S851.347.7;S829.2

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