本文關(guān)鍵詞： 文鳥 鴿子 四種主要寄生蟲 衣原體 流行病學(xué)調(diào)查 基因分型　出處：《揚州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：觀賞鳥在我國的飼育已經(jīng)有了三千多年的歷史,它們豐富了人們的生活,增強了社會交往。伴隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高,觀賞鳥的社會需求量也在不斷增加。但是寄生蟲和衣原體感染常常影響鳥類健康,導(dǎo)致鳥類發(fā)病甚至死亡。剛地弓形蟲(Toxoplasma gondii)是一類嚴格細胞內(nèi)寄生性原蟲,可以感染大多數(shù)溫血動物(包括鳥類)。全世界大約有三分之一的人感染弓形蟲,人是弓形蟲的中間宿主,可以通過攝食沒有煮熟的動物肉和被弓形蟲卵囊污染的食物和水感染弓形蟲。隱孢子蟲(Cryptosporidium)是一種重要的人獸共患原蟲,幾乎可以感染所有脊椎動物。隱孢子蟲可以導(dǎo)致哺乳動物(人)腹瀉病和鳥類的呼吸道疾病。禽隱孢子蟲首次由Tyzzer在鳥類中檢測到,全世界已知有30多種禽類可以感染隱孢子蟲。微孢子蟲病是一種在動物和人群中常見的疾病。畢氏腸微孢子蟲(Enterocytozoon bieneusi)是人群中常見的孢子蟲屬的蟲種,許多動物都可以成為畢氏腸微孢子蟲感染的潛在感染對象。藍氏賈第蟲宿主廣泛,可感染人、畜禽和多種野生/圈養(yǎng)珍稀動物。衣原體(Chlamydia)是一類嚴格寄生在真核細胞內(nèi)的原核細胞微生物,可以引起人和多種動物的一系列病癥,如呼吸困難、高熱等。本論文采用改良凝集試驗(MAT),檢測了來自北京和商丘的350份文鳥(白文鳥225只,灰文鳥125只)弓形蟲血清抗體。結(jié)果顯示:弓形蟲血清抗體陽性率為34.28%(120/311)。其中225只白文鳥中有31只(13.7%)檢測為陽性,灰文鳥的陽性率為47.2%(59/125)。物種和性別的差異是弓形蟲感染的風險因素。采用PCR法,分別檢測上述350份文鳥糞便以及399份鴿子糞便的隱孢子蟲、微孢子蟲及賈第蟲的感染情況。結(jié)果表明:文鳥隱孢子陽性率為13.42%(47/350);白文鳥的陽性率為16.44%(37/225),灰文鳥為8.00%(10/125)。來自北京的文鳥的陽性率為9.82%(16/163),商丘的為16.58%(31/187)。雌性和雄性的陽性率分別為40.63%(26/64)和7.34%(21/286)。不同年齡的文鳥的感染率的范圍為10.47%～16.33%。SSUrRNA基因的序列分析顯示,所有感染的隱孢子蟲為貝氏隱孢子蟲。鴿子中未檢測到隱孢子蟲。文鳥及鴿子糞便的微孢子蟲及賈第蟲感染均為陰性。采用間接血凝試驗(IHA),對上述文鳥進行了衣原體感染情況調(diào)查。采用PCR法檢測文鳥和鴿子糞便樣本。結(jié)果表明:文鳥衣原體血清抗體陽性率為13.14%(46/350)。不同地區(qū)、品種和年齡陽性率差異不顯著(P0.05);鴿子衣原體陽性率為5.01%(20/399),長春市為3.19%,吉林市為9.40%。外膜蛋白A(ompA)基因的序列分析顯示,所感染的衣原體基因型均為鸚鵡熱衣原體B型。本研究對我國部分地區(qū)文鳥和鴿子的弓形蟲、隱孢子蟲、微孢子蟲、賈第蟲及衣原體的感染情況進行了血清流行病學(xué)調(diào)查或糞樣PCR檢測及基因型鑒定,所獲數(shù)據(jù)為這些動物疾病的進一步深入研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Ornamental birds in China has a history of more than 3,000 years, they enrich people's lives, enhance social interaction, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards. Social demand for bird watching is also increasing, but parasites and chlamydia infections often affect bird health. Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasma gondii) is a strict parasitic protozoa. It can infect most warm-blooded animals (including birds). About 1/3 people worldwide are infected with Toxoplasma gondii, and humans are intermediate hosts of Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasma gondii can be infected by ingestion of uncooked animal meat and food and water contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts. Cryptosporidium (Cryptosporidium) is an important zoonotic protozoa. Cryptosporidium can infect almost all vertebrates. Cryptosporidium can cause diarrhoeal diseases in mammals (humans) and respiratory diseases in birds. Cryptosporidium has been detected in birds for the first time by Tyzzer. More than 30 birds are known to infect Cryptosporidium worldwide. Microsporidiosis is a common disease in animals and people. Enterocytozoon bieneusii is a common species of sporidium in the population. Many animals can become potential targets for microsporidium infection. Giardia lamblia has a wide range of hosts and can infect humans. Chlamydia chlamydia (Chlamydia) is a class of prokaryotic microbes that are strictly parasitic in eukaryotic cells and can cause a series of diseases in humans and many animals. For example, dyspnea, high fever and so on. In this paper, 350 birds (225 white birds) from Beijing and Shangqiu were detected by modified agglutination test. Serum antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii. The results showed that the positive rate of serum antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii was 34.28 / 320 / 3110.31 out of 225 white birds were infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Tested positive. The positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii was 47.2%. The difference between species and sex was the risk factor of Toxoplasma gondii infection. PCR method was used. Cryptosporidium was detected in 350 samples of the birds and 399 samples of pigeon droppings. The results showed that the positive rate of Cryptosporidium was 13.42% and the positive rate of Cryptosporidium was 13.42%. The positive rate of the white bird was 16.44%, and that of the grey bird was 8.00%. The positive rate of the bird from Beijing was 9.82% and the positive rate was 9.82%. The positive rates of female and male were 40.63 / 2664 and 7.3421 / 286respectively. The range of infection rate was 10.47% 16.33% SSUrRNA gene sequence analysis showed. All the infected Cryptosporidium were Cryptosporidium bergii. No Cryptosporidium was detected in pigeons. The microsporidium and Giardia infection in the droppings of the birds and pigeons were negative. Indirect hemagglutination test was used. Chlamydia infection was investigated by PCR method. The results showed that the positive rate of chlamydia seroantibody was 13.1446 / 350). Different regions. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of variety and age (P0.05). The positive rate of chlamydia pigeon was 5.01%, 3.19% in Changchun and 9.40% in Jilin city. The sequence analysis of outer membrane protein AompA gene showed that the positive rate of chlamydia pigeon was 5.01%, 3.19% in Changchun and 9.40% in Jilin city. The genotypes of chlamydia psittaci were all B type of chlamydia psittaci. In this study, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium and microsporidium were studied in some areas of China. Seroepidemiological investigation, fecal PCR detection and genotyping of Giardia lamblia and chlamydia were carried out, which laid a foundation for further study of these animal diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S858.93;S858.39

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張仁平;李秀英;李恒;蒲朝文;封雷;馮長艷;;重慶市渝東片區(qū)人群隱孢子蟲病流行病學(xué)調(diào)查[J];寄生蟲病與感染性疾病;2012年02期

2 齊萌;孫艷茹;張敏;徐利納;菅復(fù)春;張龍現(xiàn);寧長申;;城市觀賞鴿腸道寄生蟲感染情況調(diào)查[J];畜牧與獸醫(yī);2011年05期

3 胡群山;朱靜靜;王芳;寧長申;菅復(fù)春;張龍現(xiàn);;河南省肉鴿隱孢子蟲感染情況調(diào)查[J];中國病原生物學(xué)雜志;2008年07期

4 張秀香;袁子國;李兆南;唐曹甲子;王慶鈺;;鸚鵡熱的診斷與防治[J];吉林畜牧獸醫(yī);2007年11期

5 辛玲;崔巍;梁瑞文;汲蕊;孫秀寧;李瑞芳;;惡性腫瘤患者隱孢子蟲感染情況調(diào)查[J];中國病原生物學(xué)雜志;2007年04期

6 朱名勝;宋明華;;十堰市部分中小學(xué)生隱孢子蟲感染情況[J];中國學(xué)校衛(wèi)生;2007年06期

7 莊君燦,謝海燕,劉文立,鄧耀先,霍瑞姍,潘秀平,曾鵬程,黎演真,馬長玲,沈浩賢,李小敏,陳新宇,陳代雄;廣州家禽、家畜批發(fā)市場六種動物隱孢子蟲感染情況的調(diào)查[J];熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2004年06期

8 張龍現(xiàn),蔣金書,劉群,寧長申,趙金鳳,劉紅英;PCR-RFLP鑒定隱孢子蟲種類研究[J];畜牧獸醫(yī)學(xué)報;2004年05期

9 謝毅,郭蘭英,宋琳,喻方敏,李恒;賈第蟲病的實驗室診斷[J];中國人獸共患病雜志;2002年06期

10 蔣金書;新孢子蟲病研究進展[J];中國獸醫(yī)雜志;2002年08期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 孫艷茹;犢牛與某些禽類腸道寄生蟲感染情況調(diào)查及隱孢子蟲遺傳特征分析[D];河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

2 宋丹;隱孢子蟲檢測方法的比較及東北虎和觀賞鳥感染隱孢子蟲情況的調(diào)查[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號：1448864