【摘要】：目的評價中國(未包括香港、澳門特別行政區(qū)和臺灣地區(qū))2015年麻疹風疹實驗室網(wǎng)絡(Measles/rubella laboratory network,MRLN)的運轉狀況。方法采用描述流行病學方法分析2015年中國麻疹監(jiān)測信息報告管理系統(tǒng)中的實驗室數(shù)據(jù)和全國MRLN監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù),評價中國MRLN運轉的各項指標。結果 2015年全國共報告監(jiān)測病例104 948例,其中麻疹病例42 382例,40 717例(96.07%)為實驗室確診病例;風疹病例8 143例,6 324例(77.66%)為實驗室確診病例。共報告暴發(fā)疫情400起,其中麻疹暴發(fā)329起,風疹暴發(fā)31起。共采集散發(fā)監(jiān)測病例血標本90 305例,標本采集率97.47%;麻疹、風疹IgM檢測陽性率分別為38.75%、6.30%。共采集散發(fā)監(jiān)測病例病原學標本45 032例,標本采集率48.60%;麻疹、風疹病毒核酸檢測陽性率分別為35.74%、5.43%。29個省級麻疹風疹室驗室(Measles/rubella laboratory,MRL)共送檢麻疹病毒3 967株,其中D_9基因亞型1株、A基因型(疫苗相關株)16株、中國本土流行的H_(1a)基因亞型3 950株。16個省級MRL共送檢風疹病毒316株,其中1E基因型4株、2B基因型312株。國家MRL和32個省級MRL全部通過2015年世界衛(wèi)生組織的職能考核。結論中國2015年MRLN運轉良好,證實本土麻疹基因型H1仍在持續(xù)循環(huán)流行,為中國消除麻疹奠定了良好的實驗室網(wǎng)絡技術支撐。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the operation of measles rubella laboratory network (Measles/rubella laboratory network,MRLN) in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao Special Administrative region and Taiwan) in 2015. Methods the laboratory data of China measles Surveillance Information report Management system in 2015 and the national MRLN monitoring data were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology method. The indexes of MRLN operation in China were evaluated. Results A total of 104 948 surveillance cases were reported in 2015, of which 42 382 were measles cases, 40 717 (96.07%) were laboratory confirmed cases, 8 143 were rubella cases and 6 324 (77.66%) were laboratory confirmed cases. A total of 400 outbreaks were reported, including 329 measles outbreaks and 31 rubella outbreaks. A total of 90,305 blood samples were collected, and the positive rates of measles and rubella IgM were 38.75 and 6.30 respectively. A total of 45 032 pathogenic specimens were collected from sporadic surveillance cases, and the collection rate was 48. 60%. The positive rate of nucleic acid detection of measles and rubella virus was 35.745.43.29 provincial measles rubella laboratory (Measles/rubella laboratory,MRL), a total of 3,967 measles virus strains were tested, among which 1 strain of Dap9 gene subtype was detected. 16 strains of genotype A (vaccine related strain), 3 950 strains of H1a gene subtype endemic in China, were tested for rubella virus 316 strains with 16 provincial MRL, including 4 strains of genotype 1E and 312 strains of genotype 2B. National MRL and 32 provincial MRL all passed the World Health Organization's functional examination in 2015. Conclusion the MRLN of China in 2015 is working well, which confirms that the epidemic of local measles genotype H1 is still circulating, which provides a good laboratory network support for the elimination of measles in China.
【作者單位】： 中國疾病預防控制中心病毒病預防控制所國家衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會醫(yī)學病毒學和病毒病重點實驗室世界衛(wèi)生組織西太平洋區(qū)麻疹參比實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金課題(項目號81371791) 麻疹疾控專項經(jīng)費(2015年) 行使WHO西太區(qū)地區(qū)麻疹風疹參比實驗室職能(CHN-15-EPI-002033)
【分類號】：R511

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