【摘要】：1882年Koch發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)核分枝桿菌(MTB)以來,至今已有一個(gè)多世紀(jì),但該菌仍是嚴(yán)重危害人類健康的公共衛(wèi)生問題。結(jié)核病被世界衛(wèi)生組織列為重點(diǎn)控制疾病之一。結(jié)核病由結(jié)核桿菌引起,結(jié)核桿菌是分枝桿菌屬內(nèi)對(duì)人類(及動(dòng)物)致病的主要病原菌,其感染發(fā)病率最高,占90%左右。近年來全球感染結(jié)核分支桿菌的趨勢(shì)嚴(yán)重上升,每年新發(fā)病例約有800—1000萬,為傳染病中的“頭號(hào)殺手”。對(duì)結(jié)核分支桿菌的預(yù)防,診斷和治療的研究已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。 長(zhǎng)期以來診斷結(jié)核病是用痰標(biāo)本的抗酸染色或MTB的細(xì)菌培養(yǎng),結(jié)合患者臨床癥狀及胸部X片。但是這些方法由于MTB自身的生長(zhǎng)特性缺乏敏感性,尤其是用于診斷肺外結(jié)核。目前對(duì)結(jié)核病臨床可用的篩選方法雖采用ELISA法,斑點(diǎn)吸附免疫金抗法,但所用包被抗原多為粗制抗原,如:聚合OT、PPD、BCG、半糖脂抗原,使所測(cè)得的結(jié)果不穩(wěn)定,使臨床對(duì)肺外結(jié)核與菌培養(yǎng)陰性結(jié)核的診斷帶來困難。 據(jù)Ivanyi研究發(fā)現(xiàn)以結(jié)核分支桿菌單克隆抗體篩選出來的抗原僅
[Abstract]:It has been more than a century since (MTB) was discovered by Koch in 1882, but it is still a serious public health problem. Tuberculosis is listed by the World Health Organization as one of the key diseases under control. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the main pathogen in the genus Mycobacterium that causes disease to human (or animal). The incidence of tuberculosis is the highest (about 90%). In recent years, the trend of infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the world has risen seriously, with about 80 million to 10 million new cases per year, which is the "number one killer" of infectious diseases. The study of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become an urgent task. For a long time, tuberculosis was diagnosed by acid fast staining of sputum or bacterial culture of MTB, combined with clinical symptoms and chest X ray. However, these methods are insensitive due to the growth characteristics of MTB itself, especially for the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Although ELISA method and dot immunosorbent gold resistance method are used in the screening of tuberculosis, most of the coated antigens are crude antigens, such as polymerized OT,PPD,BCG, hemiglycolipid antigens, which make the results unstable. It is difficult to diagnose extrapulmonary tuberculosis and bacterial culture negative tuberculosis. According to Ivanyi study, the antigens screened from monoclonal antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis were only
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：R378

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