【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會中,社會發(fā)展日益加快,競爭越來越激烈,人們面臨的壓力也越來越大,遭受到的心理刺激的數(shù)量增多和強度增大,并由此引起一系列的心身反應癥狀。心理應激理論有助于解釋心理社會因素與健康和疾病之間的關系。近半個多世紀以來,心理應激作為心理社會因素同疾病聯(lián)系的一個十分重要的環(huán)節(jié),已成為臨床心理學研究的一個熱門課題。 “應激”是一個不斷發(fā)展的概念。關于應激的概念和理論模型可以概括為以下幾類: 1.將應激作為引起個體產(chǎn)生緊張反應的刺激物。這一理論模型來源于物理學中的Hooke彈性定律。 2.將應激作為對刺激的反應。這一反應模型來源于生理學和醫(yī)學。 3.將應激作為中間變量或插入狀態(tài)。著重于探討應激刺激物和應激反應之間的中介變量,如認知評價、應對方式等。這一理論的倡導者多數(shù)為心理學家。 4.應激是多因素作用過程。其中包含應激源、應激反應及其中介因素。這一理論模型包納了以上幾種模型。 應激理論的發(fā)展歷史揭示這一理論正在逐步深入,趨于完善。對于應激的研究正表現(xiàn)出一種多因素的綜合性的研究發(fā)展趨勢。“應激”這一概念,現(xiàn)已發(fā)展成為一個多因素的集合概念,其中包括生活事件、認知因素、應對方式、社會支持、個性特點、心身反應及其它有關心理、社會和生物學因素。但這些應激變量之間并無清晰的界線,它們在心理應激中作用的具體位置(原因?結果?影響因
[Abstract]:In modern society, the social development is accelerating day by day, the competition is becoming more and more intense, people are facing more and more pressure, the quantity and intensity of psychological stimulation are increasing, and it causes a series of psychosomatic reaction symptoms. The theory of psychological stress helps to explain the relationship between psychosocial factors and health and disease. For more than half a century, psychological stress, as a very important link between psycho-social factors and diseases, has become a hot topic in clinical psychology research. Stress is an evolving concept. The concepts and theoretical models of stress can be summarized as follows: 1. Stress is used as an irritant to induce an individual to respond to stress. This theoretical model is derived from the Hooke's law of elasticity in physics. 2. Use stress as a response to stimulation. This reaction model is derived from physiology and medicine. Use stress as an intermediate variable or insert state. Emphasis is placed on mediating variables between stress stimuli and stress responses, such as cognitive evaluation, coping styles, etc. Most of the advocates of this theory are psychologists. Stress is a multi-factor process. It contains stressors, stress responses and mediating factors. This theoretical model includes the above models. The development history of stress theory reveals that this theory is gradually deepening and becoming perfect. The study of stress is showing a multi-factor comprehensive research trend. The concept of "stress" has developed into a multi-factor set concept, which includes life events, cognitive factors, coping styles, social support, personality traits, psychosomatic reactions and other related psychological, social and biological factors. However, there is no clear boundary between these stress variables, and the specific position of their role in psychological stress (why? Result Influence facto
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R395

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