【摘要】：長(zhǎng)期以來人們一直認(rèn)為,人腦內(nèi)的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞缺乏再生能力,如果遇到損傷,受損的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞將會(huì)永久喪失,而只能由膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞所充填,造成其中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)損傷后的恢復(fù)困難。然而,近十年的研究表明,胚胎和成人腦組織及外周神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中均存在神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞,而且還證實(shí)這些神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞在細(xì)胞因子、激素和環(huán)境因素的作用調(diào)控下能在體外分裂,并可進(jìn)一步分化為神經(jīng)元、星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞、少突膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞。但是,內(nèi)源性神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞在神經(jīng)受損時(shí)因缺少和缺乏正向激活的信號(hào),無法進(jìn)行組織修復(fù),而胚胎神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞除了來源困難以外,還有倫理上的束縛,所以均無法廣泛應(yīng)用。因此,尋找新的神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞來源對(duì)于神經(jīng)干細(xì)胞用于治療中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病有著重要的意義。 間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(mesenchymal stem cell,MSCs)是骨髓細(xì)胞中除去造血干細(xì)胞(非粘附細(xì)胞)之外的粘附細(xì)胞部分,也稱之為塑料粘附細(xì)胞(plastic-adherent cells)、克隆形成單位成纖維細(xì)胞(clone-forming-unit fibroblast)或骨髓間質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(messenchymal stem cells)。其易于在體外分離培養(yǎng)和擴(kuò)增,還能夠跨胚層向多種組織和細(xì)胞類型分化,這些特性使骨髓MSCs成為在細(xì)胞治療、基因治療中發(fā)揮作用的理想工程細(xì)胞。近年的研究也表明了骨髓MSCs在體外可以分化為神經(jīng)樣細(xì)胞。 目的: 驗(yàn)證在不同條件下誘導(dǎo)人骨髓MSCs在體外向神經(jīng)樣細(xì)胞分化的可行性;檢
[Abstract]:For a long time, it has been believed that the nerve cells in the human brain lack the ability to regenerate. If the injured nerve cells are damaged, the damaged nerve cells will be permanently lost, but only filled with glial cells, resulting in the difficulty of recovery after the injury of the central nervous system. However, recent studies have shown that neural stem cells exist in both embryonic and adult brain tissues and peripheral nervous systems, and that these neural stem cells can divide in vitro under the control of cytokines, hormones and environmental factors. And can further differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes. However, the endogenous neural stem cells can not be repaired due to the lack of positive activation signals when the nerve is damaged, and the embryonic neural stem cells can not be widely used because of the difficulty of the source and the ethical constraints. Therefore, finding new sources of neural stem cells is of great significance in the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells) are adherent cells of bone marrow cells except hematopoietic stem cells (non-adherent cells). They are also called plastic adhesion cells (plastic-adherent cells), clone forming unit fibroblasts (clone-forming-unit fibroblast) or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (messenchymal stem cells). It is easy to be isolated, cultured and amplified in vitro, and can differentiate into various tissue and cell types across the embryo layer. These characteristics make bone marrow MSCs an ideal engineering cell to play a role in cell therapy and gene therapy. Recent studies have also shown that bone marrow MSCs can differentiate into neuronal like cells in vitro. Objective: to verify the feasibility of inducing the differentiation of human bone marrow MSCs into neuron-like cells in vitro under different conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：R329

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