本文選題：多核巨細胞　切入點：破骨細胞　出處：《中國醫(yī)科大學》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】：實驗目的 正常骨組織,在1mm~3骨中只有2-3個破骨細胞,破骨細胞數(shù)量雖然很少但其數(shù)量的穩(wěn)定意義重大,破骨細胞數(shù)量的增加使骨吸收大于骨形成從而導致骨質(zhì)疏松癥,破骨細胞數(shù)量減少使骨形成大于骨吸收導致骨硬化癥,可見破骨細胞在骨骼的形成和骨量的調(diào)節(jié)方面起著關鍵作用。目前國內(nèi)外對破骨細胞研究的切入點主要在于骨質(zhì)疏松癥和骨硬化癥兩個方面。也有人研究破骨細胞分子生物學的特性和在體外分離培養(yǎng)破骨細胞;分離培養(yǎng)的破骨細胞與成骨細胞混合培養(yǎng),試圖建立模擬體內(nèi)骨代謝的機制,用以研究骨疾病和抗骨質(zhì)疏松藥物的篩選。還有人已將破骨細胞應用到組織工程骨的評價上,根據(jù)培養(yǎng)的破骨細胞與人工制成的工程骨聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)后形成骨陷凹的差異,即同樣的破骨細胞對不同工程骨的噬骨差異來鑒定工程骨質(zhì)量好壞。有文獻報道在成骨細胞和破骨細胞共育體系中,破骨細胞對成骨細胞的功能具有促進作用,其途經(jīng)是破骨細胞分泌了某些蛋白質(zhì),彌散到隔膜的另一側影響了成骨細胞的功能,說明成骨細胞和破骨細胞之間相互促進相互影響。目前制備的組織工程骨只注重單一成骨細胞種植到骨支架上,而忽略了破骨細胞對成骨細胞的促進影響及其對骨支架的改造朔形作用。相信在不遠的將來破骨細胞應用到骨組織工程會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。目前破骨細胞分離培養(yǎng)的方法通常由較大動物禽類(兔和雞等)四肢長骨機械分離直接獲得,對于較小的動物如大鼠由于在體存在的破骨細胞數(shù)量較少,所以用經(jīng)典的方法想獲得較多的破骨細胞是不可能的。一般采取誘導成年大鼠骨髓單核細胞形成破骨細胞。各種方法獲得的破骨細胞中往往混雜有其他貼附細胞。本研究目的就是要用改進的新技術獲得大鼠高產(chǎn)量高純度破骨細胞,同時探討破骨細胞分泌的明膠酶參與骨陷凹形成機制,為在體外研究破骨細胞生物特性、骨吸收功能及進一步應用到骨組織工程提供
[Abstract]:Experimental purposeIn normal bone tissue, there are only 2-3 osteoclasts in the 1mm~3 bone. Although the number of osteoclasts is small, the number of osteoclasts is of great significance. The increase of osteoclasts makes bone resorption larger than bone formation, which leads to osteoporosis.The decrease in the number of osteoclasts makes the formation of bone larger than that of bone resorption leading to ossification. Osteoclasts play a key role in the formation of bone and the regulation of bone mass.At present, the entry point of osteoclast research at home and abroad mainly lies in osteoporosis and ossification.There are also studies on the molecular biological characteristics of osteoclasts and the isolation and culture of osteoclasts in vitro, and the co-culture of osteoclasts and osteoblasts in an attempt to establish mechanisms that mimic bone metabolism in vivo.To study bone disease and the screening of anti-osteoporosis drugs.Others have applied osteoclasts to the evaluation of tissue engineered bones, based on the difference between cultured osteoclasts and artificial engineered bone to form a concave bone.That is, the same osteoclast to different engineering bone to identify the quality of bone.In the co-culture system of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, it has been reported that osteoclasts promote the function of osteoblasts by the way that the osteoclasts secrete some proteins and diffuse to the other side of the septum to influence the function of osteoblasts.These results suggest that osteoblasts and osteoclasts interact with each other.At present, the tissue engineered bone only focuses on the single osteoblast implanted on the bone scaffold, but neglects the influence of osteoclasts on osteoblasts and the remodeling of bone scaffolds.It is believed that the application of osteoclasts to bone tissue engineering will have a profound impact in the near future.At present, the methods of osteoclast isolation and culture are usually obtained by mechanical isolation of the long bones of the limbs of larger animal birds (rabbits, chickens, etc.). For smaller animals such as rats, the number of osteoclasts is relatively small due to the presence of osteoclasts in vivo.So it's impossible to get more osteoclasts in the classic way.In general, adult rat bone marrow monocytes are induced to form osteoclasts.The osteoclasts obtained by various methods are often mixed with other adherent cells.The aim of this study was to obtain rat osteoclasts with high yield and high purity by using the improved new technique, and to explore the mechanism of osteoclasts secreting gelatinase in the formation of osteoclasts, so as to study the biological characteristics of osteoclasts in vitro.Bone resorption function and its further application to bone tissue engineering
【學位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：R329

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