【摘要】：艾薩克·阿西莫夫,后威爾斯時代美國黃金時期代表性科幻作家,機器人小說之父。他提出的機器人學三大法則是當代機器人學的基本法則,他作品中的智能機器人喚起了大眾和科技界精英的強烈情感共鳴,其筆下的有關科幻作品均被尊為機器人科幻小說經(jīng)典之作。阿西莫夫本人更是被美國政府譽為“國家的資源與自然的奇跡”。這位享有世界級聲譽的暢銷科幻文學兼科普文學作家把一生的大部分時間都用在了對機械文明可以達到的巔峰實驗性嘗試——類人形機器人與人和平共處或劍拔弩張的關系推理過程中,就此寫出了五部長篇小說與一部中短篇集,分別為《我,機器人》《鋼穴》《裸陽》《曙光中的機器人》《機器人與帝國》和《阿西莫夫：機器人短篇全集》,在另一系列史詩級巨著“《基地》系列”的前傳和后傳中機器人也參演了重要角色,使得阿氏的科幻小說一脈相承。本文研究的,也是最值得稱道的是阿西莫夫?qū)C器人的文學倫理化嘗試。阿西莫夫沒有單純地把機器人視為人類的助手或者被制造出來用以星際殖民的簡單角色,而是內(nèi)化給他們一股道德的力量,阿氏提出了“機器人三大定律”,甚至創(chuàng)造出了“機器人心理學”這樣的詞,賦予機器人的正子腦電路中有著“我欲為人”的心理邏輯甚至到最后有著“我欲為人類保護神”的更強大種族道德邏輯。這些對機器“人”的設想來自于何方?機器人與人和平共處的“碳鐵文明”會成為未來科學選擇的最好模式嗎?在阿氏的小說中可以處處體會他的用心。本文由下面五個部分組成,包括引言、第一章、第二章、第三章和結語。引言部分主要是對阿西莫夫及其作品的介紹,對科幻小說、倫理選擇與科學選擇等相關概念的界定,以及國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀和選題的意義。第一章則是對阿西莫夫的機器人世界的整體性觀照,描述阿氏筆下的機器人有著怎樣的道德傾向和倫理觀念。這里在描述倫理選擇中人性與獸性的倫理沖突的文學倫理學批評術語“斯芬克斯因子”的基礎上提出了“弗蘭肯斯坦因子”這個理論術語,希望能夠用以描述科學選擇中人造人身上人性與機械性的倫理沖突。本文從阿氏的眾多機器人小說中提取出來兩個關鍵性的“機器人”人物形象：安德魯和機·丹尼爾,分別放在第二章“安德魯：人性機器人”和第三章“丹尼爾：神性機器人”予以詳盡的闡釋。論文著重分析了一心想變成人類的安德魯?shù)膬砂倌曜內(nèi)酥?以及具有超人特質(zhì)的機·丹尼爾以自身特有的方式守護人類兩萬年之路。他們的身上體現(xiàn)出對弗蘭肯斯坦因子的矛盾性與超越性,這兩個機器人的描寫也代表了兩種未來機器人倫理的拓展方向。結語部分總結概括阿西莫夫?qū)C器人世界的深刻倫理構建,點明其對機器人這個科幻文學中特殊描繪的智能種族的倫理觀照的深遠意義。
[Abstract]:Isaac Asimov, representative American science-fiction writer in the golden age of post-Wales, father of robotics. His three principles of robotics are the basic principles of modern robotics, and the intelligent robots in his works evoke strong emotional resonance between the public and the scientific elite. His works of science fiction are regarded as the classics of robot science fiction. Asimov himself was praised by the US government as the "miracle of the nation's resources and nature." The best-selling science-fiction and popular science writer with a world-class reputation has spent most of his life experimenting with the pinnacle of mechanical civilization--humanoid robots that coexist peacefully with humans or draw swords. In the process of relational reasoning, In this regard, five novels and a short anthology were written, entitled "I, Robot, Steel Cave," Naked Yang "," Robot in the Dawn "," Robots and the Empire "and" Asimov: a complete Collection of Robot stories ", respectively. In the prequel and afterpass of another series of epic masterpieces, the Robots also played an important part in Archer's sci-fi novels. The most laudable research in this paper is Asimov's attempt on the literary ethics of robot. Instead of simply treating robots as human assistants or simple characters created for interstellar colonization, Asimov internalized them as a moral force, and Archimov proposed the "three laws of robotics." Even the words "robotics" have been coined, and the positron circuits given to robots have the psychological logic of "I want to be human" and eventually have the more powerful racial and moral logic of "I want to protect God for humanity." Where do these ideas of machine "man" come from? Will the "Carbon-Iron Civilization" of robot and human coexistence become the best model for scientific choice in the future? His heart can be seen everywhere in Archer's novels. This paper consists of five parts, including introduction, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and conclusion. The introduction is mainly about the introduction of Asimov and his works, the definition of science fiction, ethical choice and scientific choice, as well as the status quo of domestic and foreign research and the significance of choosing the topic. The first chapter is a holistic view of Asimov's robot world, describing what kind of moral tendency and ethics the robot has. Based on the literary ethics criticism term "Sphinx factor", which describes the ethical conflict between human nature and animality in ethical choice, this paper puts forward the theoretical term "Franken Steinz". Hope can be used to describe the ethical conflict between human nature and machinism in scientific choice. This paper extracts two key "robot" characters from Archer's many robot novels: Andrew and Daniel. The second chapter, Andrew: human robot, and the third chapter, Daniel Divine Robot, are explained in detail. The paper focuses on Andrew's two-hundred-year road to human transformation, and the superhuman nature of the machine Daniel in its own way to guard the human road of 20,000 years. Their body reflects the contradiction and transcendence of Franken Stein factor, and the description of these two robots also represents the expanding direction of two kinds of robot ethics in the future. The conclusion part summarizes Asimov's profound ethical construction of robot world and points out its profound significance to the ethical reflection of robot which is a special description of intelligent race in science fiction literature.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：I712.074

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本文編號：2416252