《古屋青苔》的現(xiàn)代性
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-08 12:25
【摘要】：作為美國(guó)19世紀(jì)影響最大的作家之一和“心理羅曼史”的開(kāi)創(chuàng)者,納撒尼爾·霍桑一直是文學(xué)評(píng)論界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。盡管其作品創(chuàng)作于美國(guó)浪漫主義“文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期”,但是他敏銳的超前意識(shí)賦予其作品跨越時(shí)代的獨(dú)特創(chuàng)作思想,使其文本內(nèi)涵表現(xiàn)出明顯的審美現(xiàn)代性�！豆盼萸嗵Α纷鳛榛羯５囊徊恐匾≌f(shuō)集,系統(tǒng)而完整地體現(xiàn)了霍桑的這種跨越時(shí)代的現(xiàn)代性反思。本文試圖從文化研究視角,以歷史閱讀和文本細(xì)讀的方法探究其現(xiàn)代性反思背后的成因,進(jìn)一步挖掘霍桑以藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域的寓言手法探索人類普遍心性的現(xiàn)代性內(nèi)涵。通過(guò)對(duì)文學(xué)作品形成的宏觀歷史、社會(huì)、政治因素的考察和對(duì)《古屋青苔》中小說(shuō)文本的解讀可以發(fā)現(xiàn),城市荒涼意象的描寫(xiě)和人性孤獨(dú)與異化的刻畫(huà)是霍桑對(duì)現(xiàn)代性的自然危機(jī)、人性危機(jī)等一系列問(wèn)題的揭露。而對(duì)現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程分化出來(lái)的主流意識(shí)、人文思潮和實(shí)踐活動(dòng),霍桑則持以冷靜客觀的反思態(tài)度。例如,對(duì)科技理性的質(zhì)疑、對(duì)超驗(yàn)主義思想的質(zhì)疑以及對(duì)時(shí)代改革運(yùn)動(dòng)的質(zhì)疑都反映了他對(duì)急劇變化的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生活的種種反思。在他看來(lái),現(xiàn)代工業(yè)文明并不能帶來(lái)人的全面發(fā)展,相反,過(guò)度的科技理性反而帶來(lái)人性的異化。同時(shí),任何打著“改革”和“解放”幌子行施意志控制的行為只能造成新的精神奴役。對(duì)于霍桑而言,人心的凈化才是社會(huì)進(jìn)步的前提。在一個(gè)工業(yè)文明逐漸淹沒(méi)大自然,結(jié)束人與人之間真誠(chéng)交往關(guān)系的時(shí)代,他所提倡與留戀的大自然,開(kāi)闊的人性觀念以及人與人之間同情心的磁鏈具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。其作品所呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的審美現(xiàn)代性精神或許在當(dāng)時(shí)的歷史語(yǔ)境下是大膽而獨(dú)異的,然而在二十一世紀(jì)現(xiàn)代性高度發(fā)達(dá)的今天,現(xiàn)代都市人的戀鄉(xiāng)情結(jié),對(duì)于科技理性的擔(dān)憂,以及人性的自我拯救都表現(xiàn)出極強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)代性內(nèi)涵。總而言之,他的這種現(xiàn)代性反思,能夠使人在現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程中,免于精神沉淪,免于喪失自我,從而成為一種強(qiáng)大的拯救力量,這也是他的作品一直奉為經(jīng)典的,至今仍為大眾所喜歡的原因所在。
[Abstract]:As one of the most influential American writers in the 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorne has been the focus of literary criticism. Although his works were created in the American Romantic "Renaissance", his keen sense of leading endowed his works with a unique creative thought that transcended the times. As an important collection of novels by Hawthorne systematically and completely reflects the modernity reflection of Hawthorne's transcending times. This paper attempts to explore the causes behind its modernity reflection from the perspective of cultural research and the methods of historical reading and text reading, and further explore the modernity connotation of human universality by fable in the field of art. Through the investigation of the macroscopic historical, social and political factors in the formation of literary works and the interpretation of the text of the novel in Ancient House moss, it can be found that, The description of the urban desolate image and the depiction of the loneliness and alienation of human nature are a series of problems exposed by Hawthorne to the natural crisis of modernity and the crisis of human nature. Hawthorne has a calm and objective introspection on the mainstream consciousness, humanistic thoughts and practical activities of the process of modernization. For example, the questioning of scientific and technological rationality, the transcendentalism and the reform movement of the times all reflect his reflections on the rapidly changing modern social life. In his view, modern industrial civilization can not bring the all-round development of human beings, on the contrary, excessive scientific and technological rationality brings alienation of human nature. At the same time, any exercise of will-control under the guise of "reform" and "liberation" can only lead to new spiritual slavery. For Hawthorne, the purification of the human heart is the premise of social progress. In an era when the industrial civilization gradually submerged nature and ended the sincere relationship between people, his advocating and nostalgia for nature, the open concept of human nature and the flux chain of human compassion have important guiding significance. The spirit of aesthetic modernity presented in his works may be bold and unique in the historical context of that time. However, in the highly developed modernity of the 21 century, the modern urbanite's love complex for science and technology is worried about the rationality of science and technology. And the self-salvation of human nature shows a strong connotation of modernity. In a word, his reflection on modernity can save people from spiritual destruction and loss of self in the process of modernization, and thus become a powerful salvation force, which his works have always been regarded as classics. The reason why people still like it today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
，
本文編號(hào)：2368342
[Abstract]:As one of the most influential American writers in the 19th century, Nathaniel Hawthorne has been the focus of literary criticism. Although his works were created in the American Romantic "Renaissance", his keen sense of leading endowed his works with a unique creative thought that transcended the times. As an important collection of novels by Hawthorne systematically and completely reflects the modernity reflection of Hawthorne's transcending times. This paper attempts to explore the causes behind its modernity reflection from the perspective of cultural research and the methods of historical reading and text reading, and further explore the modernity connotation of human universality by fable in the field of art. Through the investigation of the macroscopic historical, social and political factors in the formation of literary works and the interpretation of the text of the novel in Ancient House moss, it can be found that, The description of the urban desolate image and the depiction of the loneliness and alienation of human nature are a series of problems exposed by Hawthorne to the natural crisis of modernity and the crisis of human nature. Hawthorne has a calm and objective introspection on the mainstream consciousness, humanistic thoughts and practical activities of the process of modernization. For example, the questioning of scientific and technological rationality, the transcendentalism and the reform movement of the times all reflect his reflections on the rapidly changing modern social life. In his view, modern industrial civilization can not bring the all-round development of human beings, on the contrary, excessive scientific and technological rationality brings alienation of human nature. At the same time, any exercise of will-control under the guise of "reform" and "liberation" can only lead to new spiritual slavery. For Hawthorne, the purification of the human heart is the premise of social progress. In an era when the industrial civilization gradually submerged nature and ended the sincere relationship between people, his advocating and nostalgia for nature, the open concept of human nature and the flux chain of human compassion have important guiding significance. The spirit of aesthetic modernity presented in his works may be bold and unique in the historical context of that time. However, in the highly developed modernity of the 21 century, the modern urbanite's love complex for science and technology is worried about the rationality of science and technology. And the self-salvation of human nature shows a strong connotation of modernity. In a word, his reflection on modernity can save people from spiritual destruction and loss of self in the process of modernization, and thus become a powerful salvation force, which his works have always been regarded as classics. The reason why people still like it today.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
，
本文編號(hào)：2368342
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