【摘要】：目的:觀察我國成年人膝關(guān)節(jié)前外側(cè)韌帶(anterolateral ligament,ALL)的解剖學(xué)和組織學(xué)特點(diǎn),以明確該韌帶的存在性,為臨床重建手術(shù)提供解剖學(xué)依據(jù)。方法:隨機(jī)挑選10具成人膝關(guān)節(jié)標(biāo)本進(jìn)行解剖,觀查前外側(cè)韌帶的股骨側(cè)、脛骨側(cè)和半月板側(cè)附著點(diǎn)特點(diǎn),解剖完畢后應(yīng)用游標(biāo)卡尺測量其長度、寬度、厚度等,最后留取3例標(biāo)本做組織學(xué)染色。結(jié)果:(1)ALL起源于股骨外側(cè)髁,與外側(cè)副韌帶股骨側(cè)附著點(diǎn)相同或其遠(yuǎn)端偏前方,體部出現(xiàn)分叉形成兩束分別止于前外側(cè)脛骨平臺(tái)和外側(cè)半月板,ALL脛骨側(cè)起點(diǎn)位于Gerdy結(jié)節(jié)與腓骨頭連線中點(diǎn),脛骨軟骨緣以下,半月板止點(diǎn)位于外側(cè)半月板前角與體部交接區(qū)。(2)ALL長度為38.89±4.67 mm;寬度在股骨、脛骨附著點(diǎn)呈扇形散開連于骨質(zhì),關(guān)節(jié)線處最窄,股骨、脛骨附著點(diǎn)和關(guān)節(jié)線處寬度分別為8.49±1.36 mm、8.15±1.38 mm、6.49±1.09 mm;厚度為1.33±0.38 mm;其脛骨附著點(diǎn)距Gerdy結(jié)節(jié)22.59±3.04 mm,距腓骨頭21.15±2.78 mm,距脛骨軟骨緣以下5.76±0.57 mm。(3)HE染色顯示ALL是由平行排列的膠原纖維構(gòu)成的致密結(jié)締組織;S-100染色顯示ALL含有感覺運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)纖維。結(jié)論:ALL是一條獨(dú)立于關(guān)節(jié)囊的韌帶,起源于股骨外側(cè)髁,體部分叉形成兩束分別止于脛骨和外側(cè)半月板。
[Abstract]:Objective: to observe the anatomical and histological features of the anterolateral ligament of the knee joint (anterolateral ligamentum) in adults in China, so as to clarify the existence of the ligament and provide anatomic basis for clinical reconstruction. Methods: ten adult knee joint specimens were randomly selected to observe the characteristics of the femoral side, tibial side and meniscus attachment point of the anterolateral ligament. The length, width and thickness of the knee joint were measured by Vernier caliper after dissection. Finally, 3 specimens were collected for histological staining. Results: (1) all originated from the lateral femoral condyle. Two bundles of bifurcation formed in the body were located at the midpoint of the line between Gerdy's tubercle and the fibula head, and below the tibial cartilage margin, respectively, from the anterolateral tibial plateau to the lateral meniscus of the lateral meniscus. (2) the length of all is 38.89 鹵4.67 mm, the width of all is in femur, the tibia attachment point is fan-shaped, and the joint line is the narrowest. The width of tibial attachment point and articular line were 8.49 鹵1.36 mm, 6.49 鹵1.09 mm and 1.33 鹵0.38 mm, respectively. The tibial attachment point was 22.59 鹵3.04 mm from Gerdy's node, 21.15 鹵2.78 mm from fibula head, 5.76 鹵0.57 mm below tibial cartilage margin. (3) all was composed of parallel collagenous fibers arranged by HE. The S-100 staining of the dense connective tissue showed that all contained sensorimotor nerve fibers. Conclusion all is a ligament independent of the articular capsule, originated from the lateral femoral condyle, and the body forks form two bundles of tibia and lateral meniscus, respectively.
【作者單位】： 青島大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院運(yùn)動(dòng)醫(yī)學(xué)科;日照市人民醫(yī)院關(guān)節(jié)外科;
【分類號(hào)】：R322.7;R687.4

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