本文關鍵詞：論治療性克隆技術的可專利性　出處：《西南政法大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 治療性克隆技術 人類胚胎 倫理 可專利性

【摘要】：治療性克隆技術,是借助細胞核移植技術將一個體細胞的細胞核轉移到一個去核卵子中,再通過放電激活克隆出人類胚胎,然后在實驗室環(huán)境下培育出胚胎干細胞,并誘導其分化發(fā)育成不同的組織和器官,以備細胞核提供者移植治療的一種克隆技術。此種技術方法,由于以自己的體細胞為核供體,克隆出的細胞、組織、器官與患者擁有同樣的遺傳特征,這樣移植到患者體內便不會引起免疫排斥反應;而且胚胎干細胞可以無限傳代,數(shù)量上是完全可以保證治療的需要。因此,一旦該技術發(fā)展成熟、應用到臨床,就會徹底解決異體器官移植所擔憂的免疫排斥反應和組織、器官供體來源不足的問題,這對于廣大飽受病痛煎熬的像糖尿病、帕金森病、肝硬化、腎衰竭等患者來說,治療性克隆技術無疑是場革命性的技術。面對具有如此巨大醫(yī)學價值且又嶄新的生物技術,是否該給予治療性克隆技術專利保護以推進其快速發(fā)展呢?目前,國際上對此分歧較大,國內外的相關研究也尚未形成普遍結論。究其原因,主要就在于:治療性克隆以人類胚胎為研究對象且又以破壞人類胚胎為前提,因此它不可避免地牽涉很大的倫理爭議。另外,在《專利法》法律保護條件、治療性克隆研究的規(guī)范管理以及治療性克隆技術專利保護所牽扯的社會利益等方面,都成為了治療性克隆技術尋求專利保護的巨大障礙。 本文利用了歸納分析、比較分析、價值分析等方法,從倫理、法律、社會等角度,對阻礙治療性克隆技術專利保護的各種問題進行了一一分析論證,同時借鑒前人相關研究成果,綜合分析論證后,最后得出治療性克隆技術是可以得到專利權保護的結論。 本文的結構除引言、結語部分外分為五個部分: 第一部分首先介紹了克隆技術的定義及其分類;然后,介紹了治療性克隆對人類的重大社會意義。這兩部分對治療性克隆技術進行了較為詳細的論述。最后,對治療性克隆技術欲尋求專利權保護所存在的障礙進行了介紹。 第二部分對歐盟、美國以及中國關于治療性克隆技術可專利性的態(tài)度進行了簡單的分析介紹。 第三部分對治療性克隆技術尋求專利保護所面臨的倫理方面的障礙:人類胚胎的道德地位、治療性克隆是否會滑向生殖性克隆以及治療性克隆研究是否人道等問題一一進行論證分析,得出治療性克隆技術可專利性的倫理障礙是不足以阻礙其獲得《專利法》保護的。 第四部分對治療性克隆技術可專利性的法律障礙:消極條件和積極條件,即《利法》保護的客體范圍與“三性”要求等方面分析論證后,得出治療性克隆技術是滿足專利權保護的實質條件的。 第五部分對治療性克隆研究規(guī)范管理以及社會利益等方面的問題談了下自己的想法。最后得出治療性克隆技術是可以得到專利權保護的結論。
[Abstract]:Therapeutic cloning technology is the use of nuclear transfer technology transfer will be a somatic cell nucleus into an enucleated egg and then cloned human embryos through activation of discharge, and then in the laboratory environment to cultivate embryonic stem cells, and induce differentiation into different tissues and organs, with a kind of cloning technology preparation nuclear transplantation. This technology provider, due to their own cells for nuclear donor, cloned cells, tissues, organs and patients have the same genetic characteristics, then transplanted into the patient will not cause immune rejection; and embryonic stem cells can be infinitely, the number is completely can ensure treatment need. Therefore, once the technology is mature, applied to clinical, can completely solve the allogeneic organ transplantation worrying immune rejection and tissue organ donor shortage This problem, for the majority of suffering from disease like diabetes, Parkinson's disease, liver cirrhosis, patients with kidney failure, the therapeutic cloning technology is a revolutionary technology. Faced with such a huge medical value and new biological technology, whether the given therapeutic cloning technology patent protection in order to promote its rapid development at present? In this regard, the divergence, the related research at home and abroad has not yet formed a general conclusion. The reason mainly lies in: therapeutic cloning to human embryos as the research object and then to destroy human embryos as the premise, so it inevitably involves great ethical debate. In addition, in the condition of legal protection of Patent Law > < specification, management and therapeutic cloning technology patent protection will involve social interests and other aspects of therapeutic cloning research, have become the therapeutic cloning technology to seek patent protection A huge obstacle.
This paper uses comparative analysis, inductive analysis, value analysis and other methods, from the ethical, legal, social and other aspects, on a variety of issues hinder the therapeutic cloning technology patent protection are analyzed and demonstrated, and with reference to previous research, comprehensive analysis, finally reached the therapeutic cloning technology can be obtained patent protection conclusion.
The structure of this article is divided into five parts, except the introduction and the conclusion part.
The first part introduces the definition and classification of cloning technology; then, introduces the social significance of human therapeutic cloning. The two part of the therapeutic cloning technology are discussed in detail. Finally, the therapeutic cloning technology to seek patent protection barriers were introduced.
The second part gives a brief introduction to the EU, the United States and China about the patentability of therapeutic cloning technology.
The third part seek patent protection facing ethical barriers on therapeutic cloning technology: the moral status of the human embryo, whether therapeutic cloning will lead to reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning research whether humanity problems such as analysis, the therapeutic cloning technology ethical barriers to the patentability is not enough to prevent it from getting "the patent law protection.
The fourth part of the patent legal obstacles on therapeutic cloning technology: negative conditions and positive conditions, namely "analysis profit law protection object scope and" three "requirements, the therapeutic cloning technology is to satisfy the substantive conditions of patent protection.
The fifth part discusses some ideas about the management of therapeutic cloning, social benefits and other aspects. Finally, it concludes that the technology of therapeutic cloning can be protected by patent right.

【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：R346;D923.42

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 黃越;論人類胚胎干細胞發(fā)明的可專利性[D];華中科技大學;2012年

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本文編號：1428453