發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 10:23

【摘要】：隨著新媒體和移動(dòng)終端的發(fā)展,用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容全面滲入到各種媒體當(dāng)中,已成為媒體信源的重要組成部分。媒體對(duì)用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容的使用主要有四種形式：第一是整合使用用戶內(nèi)容；第二是借助用戶制作平臺(tái)推廣節(jié)目；第三是與用戶協(xié)同參與新聞報(bào)道；第四是為新聞傳播提供新的服務(wù)功能。由于現(xiàn)行相關(guān)法規(guī)與行業(yè)規(guī)范的不足以及媒體在市場(chǎng)主義與專業(yè)主義的博弈中迷誤,媒體在使用用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容時(shí)頻頻出現(xiàn)倫理失范或爭(zhēng)議事件。文章結(jié)合上海踩踏事件、李光耀死訊事件、上海地鐵9號(hào)線“咸豬手”事件以及北京老人撞人事件等具體案例,分析了媒體在使用用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容中出現(xiàn)的幾類倫理問題：侵犯隱私權(quán)利、助推網(wǎng)絡(luò)謠言、助燃網(wǎng)絡(luò)情緒、催生逆轉(zhuǎn)新聞。同時(shí)還對(duì)用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容的主要使用規(guī)范進(jìn)行了梳理,包括現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)范和行業(yè)內(nèi)部約束。文章從信息合理使用規(guī)范的爭(zhēng)議、公共利益的界定模糊、法律法規(guī)過于籠統(tǒng)、自律體系尚不健全、市場(chǎng)主義與專業(yè)主義的博弈等方面,分析了媒體使用用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容時(shí)仍需解決的難點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,文章嘗試提出以下建議。首先,規(guī)范用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容的獲取行為：不同媒介區(qū)別對(duì)待、規(guī)范條例具體化。其次,完善用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容核實(shí)機(jī)制：建立信息確認(rèn)關(guān)系網(wǎng)、開發(fā)信息核實(shí)工具、設(shè)置獨(dú)立的隱私權(quán)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)、第三方協(xié)助媒體過濾用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容。最后,區(qū)分用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容的使用范圍與方式：明確公共利益的范圍、適當(dāng)調(diào)整報(bào)道重心。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看,用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容在新聞信息源中會(huì)占據(jù)越來越大的比重。因此,對(duì)于媒體在使用用戶貢獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容過程中所出現(xiàn)的倫理問題,媒體需要提高自律意識(shí),各級(jí)主管部門需要充分發(fā)揮他律作用。在嚴(yán)格遵守當(dāng)前使用規(guī)范的前提下,針對(duì)尚未解決的難點(diǎn)問題,加強(qiáng)自律和他律,為創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更好的新聞傳播環(huán)境而努力。
[Abstract]:With the development of new media and mobile terminals, user contribution content has penetrated into all kinds of media, and has become an important part of media sources. There are four main forms in which the media contribute to the content of the user: the first is to integrate the user's content; the second is to promote the program with the help of the user's production platform; the third is to participate in the news report in cooperation with the user; The fourth is to provide new service function for news communication. Due to the deficiency of current relevant laws and regulations and the media's misunderstandings in the game between marketism and professionalism, the media frequently appear ethical anomie or controversy when they use the content contributed by users. The article combines the Shanghai stampede, the death of Li Guangyao, the "salty Pig hand" incident on Shanghai Metro Line 9 and the incident of the old man in Beijing, and so on. This paper analyzes several kinds of ethical problems that appear in the use of user's contribution content in the media: violating privacy rights, promoting network rumors, fuelling network emotions and promoting reverse news. At the same time, the main usage norms of user contribution content are combed, including current legal norms and industry internal constraints. In this paper, we discuss the dispute of the standard of rational use of information, the definition of public interest is vague, the laws and regulations are too general, the system of self-discipline is not perfect, the game between marketism and professionalism, and so on. This paper analyzes the difficulties that still need to be solved when media use users to contribute content. On this basis, the article tries to put forward the following suggestions. First of all, regulate the user contribution content access behavior: different media treatment, specification regulations specific. Secondly, improve the mechanism of user contribution content verification: establish the information confirmation relationship network, develop information verification tools, set up independent privacy regulatory agency, third party assist media filter user contribution content. Finally, to distinguish the use of user contribution content and ways: clear the scope of public interest, adjust the focus of the report. In the long run, user contribution content will occupy more and more proportion in news information source. Therefore, the media need to raise the awareness of self-discipline and give full play to the role of heteronomy in the process of using users to contribute content. Under the premise of strictly observing the current usage norms, we should strengthen self-discipline and heteronomy in order to create a better news communication environment in view of the difficult problems that have not yet been solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G206
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本文編號(hào)：2324557