芥川龍之介的《鼻》的主人公人生悲劇的社會文化原因之分析
[Abstract]:As a monk, the protagonist should yearn for the afterlife Pure Land, but his heart has always been "different" long nose distress. He tried everything he could to change his strange nose. However, when the nose finally became shorter, it caused more ridicule. The author sharply depicts people's egoism and criticizes the apathy and selfishness of human nature. Whether the supplied nose is long or short, it will be laughed at by the people around it. The ridicule of others is an external cause of distress. The internal reason is the lack of conformity psychology and self-consciousness in the protagonist. In the final analysis, the root cause is the unique group consciousness, shame culture and dependence psychology in Japanese society. In such a social and cultural context, even as a senior monk, but still by the secular constraints. Not only criticized the selfishness of human nature, vanity, hypocrisy, It also analyzes how to achieve the balance between individual pursuit and social culture. From the aspect of social culture, this paper probes into the causes of the tragedy of life from the perspective of social culture. This paper is divided into preface chapter, chapter one, chapter two, chapter three and final chapter. The preface chapter introduces the advance research on the works of Longjie mustard and the purpose of this study. The first chapter analyzes the character prototype of the protagonist in nose. By comparing the identity and uneasiness of the author and the protagonist of the novel, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) both of them are trapped by the common customs and trapped in the abyss of pain by the eyes of others; (2) the complex psychological state and contradictory thought in the novel is the author's inner monologue. The second chapter explores the root of the hero's life tragedy. This paper discusses in detail from three aspects: group mentality, vanity and inferiority brought about by "shame" culture, and futility caused by "dependence" psychology. The third chapter elaborates the enlightenment and the realistic significance. The enlightenment mainly includes three aspects: (1) collectivism-the positive side is heaven, the negative side is like hell; (2) "shame" culture makes oneself improve and make oneself suffer; (3) "dependence" psychology-wants to win sympathy, but becomes a poor person. The practical significance is mainly one's own thinking. There are four points: (1) to evaluate oneself correctly, and to have his own evaluation criteria; (2) to sympathize with the weak, to be friendly with others; (3) to believe in himself, and to start from loving himself; (4) to have an open-minded mentality. Giving up is not always bad. The final chapter concludes that the root of the life tragedy is the unique social culture of Japan. Group mentality, vanity and inferiority brought about by shame culture, and lack of self-consciousness in dependent psychology. In such a social context, no matter how change, can not get away from the eyes of others, pain can not be over. In real life, it is very important and necessary for us to know ourselves correctly and have the criteria and principles to evaluate ourselves objectively. Be compassionate to those who are caught in misfortune. At the same time, believe in yourself, with an open-minded attitude, facing life.
【學位授予單位】:天津理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:I313.074
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