論《在西方目光下》對俄羅斯精神的書寫
發(fā)布時間:2018-07-28 15:36
【摘要】:約瑟夫·康拉德的小說《在西方目光下》集中描述了 19世紀末20世紀初俄羅斯人的生活和精神狀態(tài)。論文將對小說中的俄羅斯精神進行記述、反思、批判,以圖更加豐富、客觀揭示俄羅斯精神的實質與蘊涵。論文分為三部分:第一章主要是對《在西方目光下》中呈現(xiàn)的俄羅斯精神的具體勾勒,指出“憤世嫉俗”是俄羅斯精神的標志,并顯現(xiàn)俄羅斯精神的具體內(nèi)涵。接下來,論文對小說中呈現(xiàn)的俄式憤世嫉俗進行了深入剖析,揭示俄式憤世嫉俗的兩大特征:不切實際與不負責任。第二章對小說中呈現(xiàn)由俄式憤世嫉俗所造成的惡果進行具體敘述,剖析憤世嫉俗所造成的道德虛無主義的盛行和暴力的泛濫,揭示其對俄國社會各個階層:專制統(tǒng)治者、革命者、普通人造成的精神損害。第三章通過揭示英國老教師第一人稱內(nèi)敘述的弊端,指出敘述者通過這種視角對俄羅斯精神下的各種論斷其實是將俄羅斯放在西方精神對立面,對其“他者化”的產(chǎn)物。與此同時,它還嚴重遮蔽了俄羅斯精神中正面積極的成分,實際上,小說的主人公恰恰是通過這些積極成分獲得救贖的。接著通過剖析小說中的不可靠敘述,展現(xiàn)出康拉德內(nèi)心的矛盾,揭示出俄羅斯精神書寫的復雜性。最后通過展現(xiàn)不同目光下的俄羅斯精神,從而走出西方目光,為尋求全面、豐富理解俄羅斯精神尋求新路徑。
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad's novel, under Western eyes, focuses on the life and mental state of Russians in the late 19th century and early 20th century. This paper will describe, reflect and criticize the Russian spirit in the novel in order to enrich and objectively reveal the essence and implication of the Russian spirit. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the specific outline of the Russian spirit in "under the eyes of the West", pointing out that "cynicism" is the symbol of the Russian spirit, and shows the specific connotation of the Russian spirit. Then, the thesis deeply analyzes the Russian cynicism in the novel, and reveals the two characteristics of Russian cynicism: impractical and irresponsible. The second chapter gives a concrete account of the evil effect caused by Russian cynicism in the novel, analyzes the prevalence of moral nihilism and violence caused by cynicism, and reveals its influence on all strata of Russian society: the autocratic rulers. The mental damage caused by revolutionaries or ordinary people. The third chapter reveals the defects of the first person narration of the old English teachers, and points out that the narrator's various assertions about the Russian spirit through this perspective are actually the product of putting Russia on the opposite side of the western spirit and making it "other-oriented". At the same time, it also obscures the positive elements of Russian spirit. In fact, the protagonist of the novel is redeemed by these positive elements. Then, by analyzing the unreliable narration in the novel, it reveals Conrad's inner contradiction and reveals the complexity of Russian spiritual writing. Finally, by showing the Russian spirit under different eyes, we seek a new way to seek comprehensive and rich understanding of Russian spirit.
【學位授予單位】:西北大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:I561.074
本文編號:2150739
[Abstract]:Joseph Conrad's novel, under Western eyes, focuses on the life and mental state of Russians in the late 19th century and early 20th century. This paper will describe, reflect and criticize the Russian spirit in the novel in order to enrich and objectively reveal the essence and implication of the Russian spirit. The thesis is divided into three parts: the first chapter is the specific outline of the Russian spirit in "under the eyes of the West", pointing out that "cynicism" is the symbol of the Russian spirit, and shows the specific connotation of the Russian spirit. Then, the thesis deeply analyzes the Russian cynicism in the novel, and reveals the two characteristics of Russian cynicism: impractical and irresponsible. The second chapter gives a concrete account of the evil effect caused by Russian cynicism in the novel, analyzes the prevalence of moral nihilism and violence caused by cynicism, and reveals its influence on all strata of Russian society: the autocratic rulers. The mental damage caused by revolutionaries or ordinary people. The third chapter reveals the defects of the first person narration of the old English teachers, and points out that the narrator's various assertions about the Russian spirit through this perspective are actually the product of putting Russia on the opposite side of the western spirit and making it "other-oriented". At the same time, it also obscures the positive elements of Russian spirit. In fact, the protagonist of the novel is redeemed by these positive elements. Then, by analyzing the unreliable narration in the novel, it reveals Conrad's inner contradiction and reveals the complexity of Russian spiritual writing. Finally, by showing the Russian spirit under different eyes, we seek a new way to seek comprehensive and rich understanding of Russian spirit.
【學位授予單位】:西北大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:I561.074
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