交際是人類最普遍的社會現(xiàn)象之一,無論是物質(zhì)生活,還是社會精神生活,人們都離不開相互接觸,離不開交際。所以說,運用語言進行交際是人類最基本,最重要的一種生存能力和社會行為。而準(zhǔn)確地理解語言是交際正常進行的前提條件。因此,在日常交際中,語言理解的過程是非常重要的。這是因為人類是一種復(fù)雜的動物,人類的思維難以琢磨,而我們要生存,每天都需要和人進行交際。在交際中,時刻都在進行著從說話人到聽話人的角色的轉(zhuǎn)變。因此,能否準(zhǔn)確的理解說話人的含義就顯得更加重要了。所以,本文將選擇話語理解作為研究對象進行研究。從心理學(xué)的角度,運用問題解決理論來進行研究。 問題解決是人類思維活動的一種普遍形式,長期以來受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。要研究問題解決,首先要明確什么是問題。按照現(xiàn)代認(rèn)知心理學(xué)的理解,問題就是指在給定的信息和目標(biāo)狀態(tài)之間有某些障礙需要加以克服的情境。具體來說,當(dāng)一個人希望達到某一個目標(biāo),但又沒有可以供使用的現(xiàn)成方法時,這個人就面臨一個問題。而問題解決是一系列的有目的指向性的認(rèn)知操作活動過程。這是認(rèn)知心理學(xué)家公認(rèn)的問題解決定義。近年來,該理論在教學(xué)領(lǐng)域已引起了相當(dāng)?shù)闹匾?并且已與數(shù)學(xué),體育等學(xué)科形成了密切的聯(lián)...

【文章頁數(shù)】：78 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
    1.1 The Object of the Present Research
    1.2 The Rationale of the Research
    1.3 Unsolved Problems in the Existing Studies
    1.4 The Objective of the Study
    1.5 Procedure and Data Collection
Chapter Two Literature Review
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Pragmatic Approach
        2.2.1 Review from Three Theories
        2.2.2 Review from Context
    2.3 Ethics Approach
    2.4 Education Approach
    2.5 The Present Research Approach
    2.6 Summary
Chapter Three Problem-solving Theory
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Basic Concepts
        3.2.1 The Definition of Problem
        3.2.2 The Definition of Problem-solving
    3.3 The Development of Problem Solving Theory
        3.3.1 The Early Study of Problem-solving Theory
        3.3.2 The Problem Solving Study after Cognitive Revolution
    3.4 Summary
Chapter Four The Theoretical Framework
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 The Basic Models of Problem-solving Theory
        4.2.1 The Model of David Ausubel
        4.2.2 Glass Model
        4.2.3 Information Processing Model
    4.3 The Model for Utterance Interpretation by Adopting Problem-solving Theory
        4.3.1 The Stage of Identifying Problems
        4.3.2 The Stage of Analyzing Problems
        4.3.3 The Stage of Making Hypothesis
        4.3.4 Testing Hypothesis Stage
    4.4 Summary
Chapter Five Language Materials Analysis
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Identifying Problems
    5.3 Analyzing Problems
    5.4 Making Hypothesis
        5.4.1 The Use of Means-ends Strategy
        5.4.2 The Stage of Making Hypothesis
        5.4.3 The Use of Other Strategies
    5.5 Hypothesis Testing
    5.6 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
    6.1 Introduction
    6.2 Major Findings
    6.3 Limitations
    6.4 Suggestions for Further Study
Bibliography
Appendix
攻研期間發(fā)表的學(xué)術(shù)論文
個人簡況及聯(lián)系方式



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