以往的語(yǔ)言學(xué)領(lǐng)域中,預(yù)設(shè)在一直被語(yǔ)言學(xué)家作為一種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象來研究。預(yù)設(shè)依賴于一定的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu),因此它首先被語(yǔ)言學(xué)家作為一種語(yǔ)義現(xiàn)象來研究。隨著語(yǔ)用學(xué)的興起,語(yǔ)言學(xué)家提出了一系列的語(yǔ)用學(xué)理論來闡釋預(yù)設(shè)現(xiàn)象,語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)就是結(jié)合人類話語(yǔ)交際過程來對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)進(jìn)行的研究。本論文的目的在于研究語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)在日常會(huì)話中的作用,以及說話人是如何運(yùn)用語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)達(dá)到有效會(huì)話的。 本文介紹了與預(yù)設(shè)相關(guān)的理論,如預(yù)設(shè)作為命題態(tài)度,預(yù)設(shè)作為適當(dāng)條件,預(yù)設(shè)作為共有知識(shí)和預(yù)設(shè)的可取消性。通過陳述人類日常會(huì)話的過程,強(qiáng)調(diào)了語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)在說話人的話語(yǔ)構(gòu)建和聽話人的話語(yǔ)理解方面所起的主要作用。在格賴斯的合作原則的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了運(yùn)用語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的準(zhǔn)則（誠(chéng)信準(zhǔn)則和質(zhì)量準(zhǔn)則）,并分析了日常會(huì)話中語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的特征——即合適性,共知性,主觀性,隱蔽性和非規(guī)約性。通過討論常規(guī)誘發(fā)語(yǔ)和會(huì)話誘發(fā)語(yǔ),提出了說話人可以通過運(yùn)用語(yǔ)音手段,詞匯手段和句子手段等來操控語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)以達(dá)到成功交際。最后,總結(jié)了語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)在日常會(huì)話中的作用,即簡(jiǎn)潔明了,傳遞信息和達(dá)到特殊交際目的。 因此,合理的運(yùn)用語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)有助于達(dá)到成功會(huì)話。通過研究日常會(huì)話中的語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè),本文旨在... 

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：63 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
PartⅠ Introduction
    1.1 Research Background
    1.2 Objective
    1.3 Significance
    1.4 Framework
PartⅡ Literature Review of Presupposition
    2.1 Overview of Previous Studies on Presupposition
        2.1.1 Overview of Studies in West
        2.1.2 Overview of Studies in China
    2.2 Classification of Presupposition
        2.2.1 Semantic Presupposition
        2.2.2 Pragmatic Presupposition
        2.2.3 Relationship between Semantic and Pragmatic Presupposition
    2.3 Presupposition & Related Terms
        2.3.1 Presupposition and Entailment
        2.3.2 Presupposition and Assertion
        2.3.3 Presupposition and Information Focus
    2.4 Theories Related to Presupposition
        2.4.1 Propositional Attitude
        2.4.2 Felicity Condition
        2.4.3 Mutual Knowledge
        2.4.4 Cancellability
Part Ⅲ Pragmatic Presupposition in Daily Conversations
    3.1 Daily Conversation
        3.1.1 Process of Human Daily Conversations
        3.1.2 Human Cognition in Daily Conversations
    3.2 Pragmatic Presupposition in Daily Conversations
        3.2.1 Pragmatic Presupposition in Utterance Construction
        3.2.2 Pragmatic Presupposition in Utterance Understanding
        3.2.3 Pragmatic Presupposition & Co-operative Principles
        3.2.4 The Principles of Employing Pragmatic Presupposition
            3.2.4.1 Sincerity Maxim
            3.2.4.2 Quantity Maxim
    3.3 Properties of Pragmatic Presupposition in Daily Conversations
        3.3.1 Property of Felicity
        3.3.2 Property of Common Ground
        3.3.3 Property of Subjectiveness
        3.3.4 Property of Latency
        3.3.5 Property of Unconventionality
Part Ⅳ Manipulation of Pragmatic Presupposition in Daily Conversations
    4.1 Presupposition Triggers
        4.1.1 Conventional triggers
        4.1.2 Conversational Triggers
    4.2 Devices for the Employment of Pragmatic Presupposition
        4.2.1 Phonological Devices
        4.2.2 Lexical Devices
        4.2.3 Syntactic Devices
        4.2.4 Summary: Integrated Employment of These Devices
    4.3 Effects of Pragmatic Presupposition to Effective Conversations
        4.3.1 Being Economic
        4.3.2 Transmitting Information
        4.3.3 Achieving Special Communicative Intention
Part Ⅴ Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgements


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)與聽力理解[J]. 徐宏琳.  揚(yáng)州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(高教研究版). 2005(04)
[2]先設(shè)的本質(zhì)及其研究[J]. 劉強(qiáng).  外語(yǔ)與外語(yǔ)教學(xué). 2005(05)
[3]語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)及其功能[J]. 王揚(yáng).  湖北民族學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2005(01)
[4]預(yù)設(shè)、語(yǔ)境與閱讀教學(xué)[J]. 陸亞麗.  山西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(高等教育版). 2001(04)
[5]漢語(yǔ)疑問句的預(yù)設(shè)及其語(yǔ)義分析[J]. 戴耀晶.  廣播電視大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2001(02)
[6]談蘊(yùn)含和預(yù)設(shè)的區(qū)分問題[J]. 劉哲.  解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào). 2001(03)
[7]言語(yǔ)交際中語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)量的動(dòng)態(tài)變化[J]. 劉國(guó)輝.  四川師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 2001(01)
[8]論否定句的焦點(diǎn)、預(yù)設(shè)和轄域歧義[J]. 袁毓林.  中國(guó)語(yǔ)文. 2000(02)
[9]論語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)與語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)[J]. 羅雪梅.  湖南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版). 1999(01)
[10]預(yù)設(shè)分析與語(yǔ)法研究[J]. 殷志平.  南京社會(huì)科學(xué). 1997(06)



本文編號(hào)：3710874