【摘要】：復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞作為現(xiàn)代漢語中比較封閉、復(fù)雜的一類，有著特殊的句法結(jié)構(gòu)和語義功能，一直以來，是語言學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。形式上，復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞兩兩對稱，而功能上，在語言演變規(guī)律的推動(dòng)下，對稱和不對稱共存。本文力圖從描寫這些不對稱現(xiàn)象入手，進(jìn)而對復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞句法、語義的種種不對稱現(xiàn)象作出認(rèn)知解釋。本文主要包括緒論、主體、結(jié)語三部分，所作研究如下： 第一部分為緒論，主要對本文的研究對象、界定范圍、前人的研究成果以及研究意義進(jìn)行了介紹，并且對本文研究方法和語料來源進(jìn)行了說明。 第二部分為主體，包括一至三章。第一章是對復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞句法形式的分析�！皩ΨQ”、“不對稱”是認(rèn)知上的概念，復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞在句法形式上分為分離式與合并式，兩種形式之間以及兩種合并式之間是不對稱的，原因在于認(rèn)知方式的差異，象似性原則是制約不同認(rèn)知方式的主要原因。第二章是對復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語義分析。根據(jù)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語法化進(jìn)程，在前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上，本文將復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞基本的語義類型歸納分類為客觀空間位移義、主觀空間位移義、時(shí)體義和結(jié)果義，又結(jié)合具體語料，分別討論了六組復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞在語義功能上的對稱與不對稱現(xiàn)象。此外，，對語言學(xué)界頗具爭議的“起來”和“起去”的不對稱進(jìn)行了分析。第三章在具體描寫的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)中的理論，分組分析了造成復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞語義上不對稱的成因。主要涉及的認(rèn)知語言學(xué)理論有意象圖式理論、隱喻、凸顯理論及主觀化等。我們認(rèn)為復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞語義的發(fā)展乃至于不對稱是在復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞抽象化和主觀化中產(chǎn)生的，人們在空間域獲得的位移經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在向抽象的感官思維領(lǐng)域隱喻投射的過程中，由于人們心理主觀化傾向的不同，使得位移運(yùn)動(dòng)各組成部分呈現(xiàn)出不同的凸顯，而未能凸顯的意義淡化或消失。 最后一部分是結(jié)束語，對全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，并提出了本文研究的不足之處以及今后可以深入研究的方向。 本文立足描寫，全面解釋，將語言的客觀性與人們思維的主觀性相結(jié)合，探討復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語義和句法特征。
[Abstract]:As a closed and complex category in modern Chinese, compound directional verbs have special syntactic structure and semantic function, which has always been the focus and difficulty of linguistic research. Formally, compound directional verbs are pairwise symmetrical, while functional, driven by the law of language evolution, symmetry and asymmetry coexist. This paper tries to describe these asymmetrical phenomena and then make a cognitive explanation of the syntactic and semantic asymmetries of compound directional verbs. This paper mainly includes three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research object, definition scope, previous research results and research significance, and explains the research methods and corpus sources of this paper. The second part is the main body, including one to three chapters. The first chapter is the analysis of the syntactic form of compound directional verbs. "Symmetry" and "asymmetry" are cognitive concepts. Compound directional verbs are divided into separate forms and merging forms in syntactic form. The reason lies in the difference of cognitive style, and the principle of iconicity is the main reason that restricts different cognitive styles. The second chapter is the semantic analysis of compound directional verbs. According to the grammaticalization process of compound directional verbs, on the basis of previous research results, this paper classifies the basic semantic types of compound directional verbs into objective spatial displacement meaning, subjective spatial displacement meaning, temporal meaning and result meaning, and discusses the symmetry and asymmetry of semantic function of six groups of compound directional verbs in combination with specific corpus. In addition, the controversial asymmetry of "rise" and "rise" in linguistics is analyzed. On the basis of concrete description, the third chapter analyzes the causes of semantic asymmetry of compound directional verbs by using the theory of cognitive linguistics. It mainly involves cognitive linguistics theory, intentional image schema theory, metaphor, salient theory and subjectivization. We think that the development of compound directional verb semantics and even asymmetry is produced in the abstraction and subjectivity of compound directional verbs. The displacement experience gained by people in the spatial domain, in the process of projecting metaphors to the abstract sensory thinking field, because of the different psychological subjectivization tendency of people, the various components of displacement movement show different prominence, but the meaning that can not be highlighted is desalinated or disappeared. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the full text, and puts forward the shortcomings of this paper and the direction of further study in the future. Based on description and comprehensive explanation, this paper discusses the semantic and syntactic features of compound directional verbs by combining the objectivity of language with the subjectivity of people's thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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