【摘要】：《五燈會元》是南宋末年編定的一部非常重要的禪宗史書,流傳至今,影響深遠(yuǎn)。不僅是因為書中內(nèi)容反映了南宋社會面貌,更是因為其語言口語性強,通俗易懂,“不尚浮華,唯要務(wù)實,直須似三家村里納稅漢及嬰兒相似”。這樣的語言首先反映在詞匯上。其中并列式復(fù)音詞本文對《五燈會元》中并列式復(fù)音詞加以考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)：從并列復(fù)音詞的構(gòu)成看,實詞中動詞居多,名詞次之,形容詞較少,數(shù)詞稀少,代詞罕見；虛詞中副詞居多,連詞次之,介詞偶見。這說明動詞性、副詞性并列式復(fù)音詞在南宋時有了明顯的發(fā)展。另外,同義并列所占比例最大,其次是類義并列、反義并列最少。這主要是因為《五燈會元》中絕大多數(shù)的并列式復(fù)音詞都是直承前代,上古、中古漢語中同義聚合體的成員最多,類義聚合體的部分成員到了宋代轉(zhuǎn)化成為具有同義關(guān)系的聚合體,而反義聚合體的成員從上古到宋代都沒有太大的變化,所占的比重最少。在并列復(fù)音詞形成過程中,語義的作用最為重要,語音次之,語法作用不那么明顯,而語用是其詞化得以實現(xiàn)最終手段�！段鍩魰分胁⒘袕�(fù)音詞絕大部分因襲前代,極少部分來自本時代的創(chuàng)新。同時,隨著社會的發(fā)展,《五燈會元》中一些并列復(fù)音詞被淘汰出詞匯系統(tǒng),但大部分仍保留在現(xiàn)代漢語之中,這說明詞匯系統(tǒng)發(fā)展具有漸變性和穩(wěn)定性相統(tǒng)一的規(guī)律。
[Abstract]:Five Lantern Huiyuan is a very important Zen history book compiled at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, which has been handed down so far and has a profound influence. Not only because the content of the book reflects the social outlook of the Southern Song Dynasty, but also because its language is strong and easy to understand, "it is not flashy, but pragmatic, and it has to be similar to the taxpayers and babies in the three villages." Such a language is first reflected in vocabulary. Among them, this paper investigates the parallel polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan", and finds that: from the composition of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, most verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals and pronouns are rare in the real words. Adverbs are in the majority of function words, conjunctions are the second, prepositions are occasionally seen. This shows that verb and adverb parallel polysyllabic words have obvious development in the Southern Song Dynasty. In addition, synonymous juxtaposition accounted for the largest proportion, followed by synonymous juxtaposition, and antisense juxtaposition was the least. This is mainly because the vast majority of parallel polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Festival Yuan" are directly inherited from the previous generation. In ancient times, there were the most members of synonymous aggregates in medieval Chinese. Some members of sense-like polymers were transformed into synonymous polymers in Song Dynasty, while the members of antisense polymers did not change much from ancient times to Song Dynasty, accounting for the least proportion. In the process of the formation of juxtaposed polysyllabic words, semantics play the most important role, pronunciation is the second, grammatical function is not so obvious, and pragmatics is the final means to realize their lexicalization. Most of the juxtaposed polysyllabic words in "five Lantern Huiyuan" are inherited from the previous generations. Very few of them come from innovation of the times. At the same time, with the development of society, some juxtaposed polysyllabic words in the "five Lantern Huiyuan" have been eliminated from the lexical system, but most of them are still retained in modern Chinese, which indicates that the development of the lexical system has the law of gradual change and stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H131

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