【摘要】：動詞是句子的核心,歷來漢語學(xué)界對漢語動詞的研究都很重視。近年來對新詞新義的研究逐漸成為熱點,而含義古奧的文言詞語卻受到冷落。本文以《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》第5版中標(biāo)記“書)”的動詞為研究對象,全面考察這部分動詞的特點。 本文首先簡要介紹選題的緣由,回顧本課題的研究現(xiàn)狀,說明研究本課題的目的和必要性,介紹論文的語料來源、研究方法和結(jié)構(gòu)安排。 其次從總量和性質(zhì)上對標(biāo)書)動詞作簡要概括。確定標(biāo)書)動詞的總量。系統(tǒng)回顧先賢學(xué)者對“古語詞”、“文言詞”、“歷史詞”等概念的論爭,梳理各家對現(xiàn)代漢語保留部分書面上的文言詞語的名稱、性質(zhì)特點的認(rèn)識,整理重要的現(xiàn)代漢語教材對這部分詞語的介紹情況,提出自己的觀點。 第三,從多個角度分析標(biāo)書)動詞的性質(zhì)特點,并總結(jié)規(guī)律�？疾斓膫�(cè)重點包括：標(biāo)書)動詞的結(jié)構(gòu)特點；語體風(fēng)格和表述內(nèi)容對該類動詞使用情況的限制；該類動詞從古代漢語保留到現(xiàn)代漢語中,今天仍然活躍的部分體現(xiàn)了中國傳統(tǒng)文化的哪些特點；部分標(biāo)書)動詞在義項的使用活躍程度上體現(xiàn)出嚴(yán)重的不平衡性。 第四,統(tǒng)計了標(biāo)書)動詞的使用頻率。依據(jù)北大語料庫中搜索出的結(jié)果條目數(shù),將標(biāo)書)動詞分出高頻詞、中頻詞、低頻詞和無生命力詞。 第五,介紹考察結(jié)果對語言應(yīng)用的啟示意義。一方面介紹頻率等級對辭書編纂過程中選詞范圍的啟示,建議對當(dāng)下完全沒有生命力的標(biāo)書)動詞予以刪除,不再收錄；另一方面介紹標(biāo)書)動詞體現(xiàn)出的文化特點對漢語動詞教學(xué)的啟示,建議動詞教學(xué)依據(jù)動詞的實際使用頻率劃定標(biāo)書)動詞的教學(xué)范圍,并探討恰當(dāng)使用標(biāo)書)動詞需要注意的問題。 最后是結(jié)語,簡要總結(jié)本文的研究內(nèi)容和不足之處。
[Abstract]:Verbs are the core of sentences, Chinese scholars have always attached great importance to the study of Chinese verbs. In recent years, the research on the new meaning of new words has gradually become a hot spot, but ancient classical Chinese words have been neglected. Taking the verbs marked "Book" in the 5th edition of the Modern Chinese Dictionary as the object of study, this paper makes a comprehensive investigation of the characteristics of these verbs. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the reason of choosing the topic, reviews the research status quo of this topic, explains the purpose and necessity of the research, introduces the source of the corpus, the research method and the structure arrangement of the thesis. Secondly, a brief summary of the verb is given in terms of the total amount and nature of the tender. Determine the total number of verbs in the tender. This paper systematically reviews the arguments of ancient Chinese words, classical Chinese words, historical words, and so on, and sorts out the understanding of the names and nature characteristics of the classical Chinese words reserved in writing in modern Chinese. The introduction of these words in the important modern Chinese textbooks is summarized, and their own views are put forward. Third, analyze the nature of the verb from many angles, and summarize the law. The emphasis of the study includes: the structural characteristics of the verb, the restrictions on the use of the verb by the style and the content of the style; From ancient Chinese to modern Chinese, some of the verbs still active today reflect the characteristics of Chinese traditional culture; part of the tender document) the use of the meaning of the active degree of the verb reflects a serious imbalance. Fourth, the frequency of use of the verb is counted. According to the number of result items searched in the corpus of Peking University, the verb is divided into high frequency word, middle frequency word, low frequency word and inanimate word. Fifth, it introduces the significance of the findings to the application of language. On the one hand, it introduces the inspiration of frequency level to the scope of word selection in the process of compiling dictionaries, and suggests that the verbs that are completely lifeless at present should be deleted and no longer included; On the other hand, it introduces the enlightenment of the cultural characteristics of the verbs to the teaching of Chinese verbs, and suggests that the teaching of the verbs should be defined according to the actual frequency of the use of the verbs. This paper also discusses the problems that need to be paid attention to in the proper use of the tender) verb. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the research content and deficiency of this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H14

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