現(xiàn)代漢語口語中人稱代詞重復現(xiàn)象的多維研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-01 11:21
【摘要】：重復現(xiàn)象作為現(xiàn)代漢語一種獨特的口語現(xiàn)象,卻未被語言學界廣泛關注,以往的研究成果僅停留在句法層面的形式和意義的一般經(jīng)驗性描述和解釋上,從認知、功能等角度的研究還很薄弱,缺乏比較成熟的理論框架。本文嘗試采用新的理論和視角對人稱代詞重復現(xiàn)象進行探討,其中重點研究首尾重復句和間隔重復句。 首先,我們從宏觀上按照不同的標準從句子和超句兩個層面對人稱代詞重復現(xiàn)象進行類別梳理。在句子層面上,我們根據(jù)重復部分的位置、復雜程度與是否可以易位三個方面對其進行分類。在超句層面上,我們則根據(jù)引述情況、有無標記以及重復部分是否可以前置三個方面對其進行類別劃分。 其次,文章從微觀上分析了人稱代詞重復現(xiàn)象的語形組構(gòu)的表現(xiàn)形式、語義特點及語體特征。結(jié)論如下：人稱代詞首尾重復句或間隔重復句的主體部分基本不用定語,較少使用時體助詞且句末常用語氣助詞“啊”。而重復部分往往為單個的人稱代詞,具有非強制性,并且通常輕讀。兩種人稱代詞重復句絕大多數(shù)是非事件句,具有較強人際功能。另外,三個人稱代詞重復力由低到高的排列順序是：他我你。 此外,本文將觀測擴大到現(xiàn)實的語用動態(tài),即由交互視角關照口語中的人稱代詞重復現(xiàn)象,考察了該現(xiàn)象的使用環(huán)境、話語功能及事理立場的實現(xiàn)手段。研究表明：兩種人稱代詞重復句常位于話輪輪換的關鍵位置,且多發(fā)生在地位平等的參與者之間；當雙方地位不等時,傾向于由地位較高的參與者使用,并且絕大多數(shù)是由“雙方當下言行與其以前做出某言行相�！被蛘摺罢f話人對對方或他人的某一言行方式不滿”而觸發(fā),在對其的直接回應形式中,辯解式和對責式占據(jù)多數(shù)。同時它們多用來表達說話人“斥責”的事理立場,實現(xiàn)手段主要借助于語音手段、詞匯手段、重復句連用和句法結(jié)構(gòu)。 最后,我們還討論了語料中存在的一些特殊情況,分別是“您”的首尾重復、首尾不對稱重復、句首同一人稱代詞重疊以及句中含有話語標記。它們不同程度地體現(xiàn)了主觀性和交互主觀性以及語言本身的變異性、商討性和順應性。由此,我們得出結(jié)論：人稱代詞首尾重復句和間隔重復句是結(jié)合了語言客觀性、主觀性和交互主觀性的產(chǎn)物,它在意義上本身并不自足,是人們在進行人際交流時,根據(jù)自己的意圖,針對一定對象即聽話人的言行或身份、追求一定效果并發(fā)生于一定語境中的言語行為,與語境存在較強的依附性,兩者相互補充、相得益彰。
[Abstract]:Repetition, as a unique spoken phenomenon in modern Chinese, has not been widely paid attention to by the linguists. Previous research results only focus on the general empirical description and interpretation of the form and meaning at the syntactic level, from the perspective of cognition. The research of function and other angles is still very weak, lack of more mature theoretical framework. This paper attempts to use a new theory and perspective to explore the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition, with emphasis on the first and last repetition sentences and spaced repetition sentences. Firstly, we sort out the repetition of personal pronouns from two levels: sentence and supersentence according to different standards. At sentence level, we classify the repeating parts according to their position, complexity and translocation. On the level of supersentence, we classify it from three aspects: whether there is a marker and whether the repetition part can be prepositioned. Secondly, this paper analyzes the form, semantic and stylistic features of the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition. The conclusion is as follows: the main part of the first and last repetition sentence or the interval repetition sentence of personal pronoun has no attributive, and the auxiliary word "ah" is seldom used at the end of the sentence and the modal auxiliary is used at the end of the sentence. The repetition part is often a single personal pronoun, which is not mandatory and is usually read lightly. The two personal pronoun repetition sentences are mostly non-event sentences and have strong interpersonal function. In addition, the order of the three personal pronouns' repetition from low to high is: he, I, you. In addition, this paper extends the observation to pragmatic dynamics, that is, the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition in spoken language is taken care of from an interactive perspective, and the use environment, discourse function and the means of realization of rational position are investigated. The results show that the repetition of two personal pronouns is often located in the key position of the rotation, and most of them occur among the participants with equal status. When both sides have different positions, they tend to be used by higher-status participants, and most of them are triggered by "both parties' current words and deeds are contrary to their previous actions and actions" or "the speaker is dissatisfied with the other person's or others' way of speaking and doing". In the form of direct response to it, justification and accountability are the majority. At the same time, they are often used to express the speaker's "rebuke" position, and the means of realization are mainly phonetic means, lexical means, repetition sentence conjunction and syntactic structure. Finally, we also discuss some special cases in the corpus, which are "you" repetition at the beginning and end, asymmetric repetition at the beginning and end, repetition of the same personal pronoun at the beginning of the sentence and discourse markers in the sentence. To some extent, they embody subjectivity and interaction subjectivity, as well as the variability, negotiation and adaptability of language itself. Therefore, we draw the conclusion that personal pronouns first and last repetition sentences and spaced repeats are the product of combining linguistic objectivity, subjectivity and interactive subjectivity, which is not self-sufficient in meaning and is the result of interpersonal communication. According to their own intention, according to certain object, that is, the hearer's words and deeds or identity, the speech act which pursues certain effect and takes place in a certain context has a strong dependence with the context, and the two complement each other and complement each other.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
本文編號：2303773
[Abstract]:Repetition, as a unique spoken phenomenon in modern Chinese, has not been widely paid attention to by the linguists. Previous research results only focus on the general empirical description and interpretation of the form and meaning at the syntactic level, from the perspective of cognition. The research of function and other angles is still very weak, lack of more mature theoretical framework. This paper attempts to use a new theory and perspective to explore the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition, with emphasis on the first and last repetition sentences and spaced repetition sentences. Firstly, we sort out the repetition of personal pronouns from two levels: sentence and supersentence according to different standards. At sentence level, we classify the repeating parts according to their position, complexity and translocation. On the level of supersentence, we classify it from three aspects: whether there is a marker and whether the repetition part can be prepositioned. Secondly, this paper analyzes the form, semantic and stylistic features of the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition. The conclusion is as follows: the main part of the first and last repetition sentence or the interval repetition sentence of personal pronoun has no attributive, and the auxiliary word "ah" is seldom used at the end of the sentence and the modal auxiliary is used at the end of the sentence. The repetition part is often a single personal pronoun, which is not mandatory and is usually read lightly. The two personal pronoun repetition sentences are mostly non-event sentences and have strong interpersonal function. In addition, the order of the three personal pronouns' repetition from low to high is: he, I, you. In addition, this paper extends the observation to pragmatic dynamics, that is, the phenomenon of personal pronoun repetition in spoken language is taken care of from an interactive perspective, and the use environment, discourse function and the means of realization of rational position are investigated. The results show that the repetition of two personal pronouns is often located in the key position of the rotation, and most of them occur among the participants with equal status. When both sides have different positions, they tend to be used by higher-status participants, and most of them are triggered by "both parties' current words and deeds are contrary to their previous actions and actions" or "the speaker is dissatisfied with the other person's or others' way of speaking and doing". In the form of direct response to it, justification and accountability are the majority. At the same time, they are often used to express the speaker's "rebuke" position, and the means of realization are mainly phonetic means, lexical means, repetition sentence conjunction and syntactic structure. Finally, we also discuss some special cases in the corpus, which are "you" repetition at the beginning and end, asymmetric repetition at the beginning and end, repetition of the same personal pronoun at the beginning of the sentence and discourse markers in the sentence. To some extent, they embody subjectivity and interaction subjectivity, as well as the variability, negotiation and adaptability of language itself. Therefore, we draw the conclusion that personal pronouns first and last repetition sentences and spaced repeats are the product of combining linguistic objectivity, subjectivity and interactive subjectivity, which is not self-sufficient in meaning and is the result of interpersonal communication. According to their own intention, according to certain object, that is, the hearer's words and deeds or identity, the speech act which pursues certain effect and takes place in a certain context has a strong dependence with the context, and the two complement each other and complement each other.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
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