【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中的趨向動詞有著復雜的意義和功能，向來是語法學界討論的熱點問題之一，也是對外漢語教學中的一大難點。本文從一組意義相關的趨向動詞“上”和“起”及相關的復合趨向動詞入手，討論二者在充當補語這一語法功能上的特點，從詞匯意義、句式結構（動趨式）等層面，對二者的異同進行比較，并嘗試運用認知語言學的相關理論分別構擬出趨向動詞“上”和“起”的意象圖式，分析造成二者語義交叉及語義分化的原因和機制。同時，本文也從歷時的視角探討“上”和“起”的語法化脈絡，以補證它們共時層面在語義意義和句法功能上的異同。 本文第一章簡要介紹本研究的源起和研究目的、所運用的相關認知語言學理論背景以及前人對相關問題的研究成果。 第二章分析探討趨向動詞“上”和“起”在充當補語時的語法意義和句式結構（動趨式）。將語法意義分為基本趨向意義、結果意義、狀態(tài)意義及評價意義，并在每一類意義下進行細分，列舉“上”和“起”在每種意義下可進入的句式結構，比對二者在各類意義和句式分布上的異同。 第三章進一步分析探討趨向動詞“上”和“起”所構成的復合趨向動詞“上來”、“上去”和“起來”在充當補語時的語法意義和句式結構，同樣從基本趨向意義、結果意義、狀態(tài)意義及評價意義四個方面進行描寫，并結合單純趨向動詞“上”和“起”在各類意義中的表現(xiàn)進行比較。 第四章在前兩章的基礎上具體分析“上”類和“起”類趨向動詞充當補語時在各個意義層面下的異同，并從認知語言學的角度進行分析，構擬出二者各自的意象圖式體系。 第五章探討“上”和“起”在歷時過程中的語義流變及句法表現(xiàn)，簡要描寫它們各自的語法化歷程。 第六章為結語，，總結概括本研究的主要內容和結論。
[Abstract]:The directional verbs in modern Chinese have complex meanings and functions, which have always been one of the hot issues discussed in grammar circles, and are also a major difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper begins with a group of related directional verbs "Shang" and "Qi" and related compound directional verbs, and discusses their grammatical functions as complements, from the aspects of lexical meaning, sentence structure (move-oriented) and so on. This paper compares the similarities and differences between the two, and tries to construct the image schemata of the directional verb "up" and "starting" by using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, and analyzes the causes and mechanism of their semantic crossover and semantic differentiation. At the same time, this paper also discusses the grammaticalization of "Shang" and "Qi" from a diachronic perspective in order to supplement their synchronic differences in semantic meaning and syntactic functions. The first chapter briefly introduces the origin and purpose of this study, the theoretical background of relevant cognitive linguistics and the previous research results on related issues. Chapter two discusses the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" when they act as complements. The grammatical meaning is divided into basic trend meaning, result meaning, state meaning and evaluation meaning. In each sense, the grammatical meaning is subdivided to enumerate the sentence structure that "Shang" and "Qi" can enter in each sense. Compare the similarities and differences between the two in all kinds of meanings and sentence patterns. The third chapter further analyzes the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the compound directional verb "up", "up" and "up", which are composed of the verb "up" and "rising", and the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the verb "up" and "up" in the same way as the basic directional meaning and the resultant meaning. This paper describes the state meaning and the evaluation meaning, and compares the performance of the simple directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" in all kinds of meanings. On the basis of the first two chapters, the fourth chapter concretely analyzes the similarities and differences between the "Shang" category and the "starting" type verb when they act as complements, and analyzes them from the perspective of cognitive linguistics to construct their respective image schema systems. The fifth chapter discusses the semantic evolution and syntactic expression of "Shang" and "Yuan" in the diachronic process, and briefly describes their respective grammaticalization process. Chapter six is the conclusion, which summarizes the main contents and conclusions of this study.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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