【摘要】：閱讀是我們在日常的學習、生活中所必須的一項技能,它與我們的生活息息相關,通過眼動的方法來探究人們在閱讀時的認知過程,已成為當前認知心理學的熱點研究問題。本文以散文、新聞、詩歌和文言文為實驗材料,采用眼動隨動顯示技術,從詞匯、短語、句子三個層次對漢語閱讀中的眼動認知方式加以研究,通過對原始眼動信號進行處理、統(tǒng)計和分析,借助閱讀參數(shù)、注視參數(shù)、眼跳參數(shù)等重要眼動參數(shù)來探索閱讀時的語言加工機制。 本文論述了有關漢語閱讀眼動的研究現(xiàn)狀,概括了閱讀中的幾種眼動模式,闡述了本文的研究理論基礎和方法,詳細介紹了有關眼動隨動顯示技術的原理、研究方法、實驗流程、在語言研究中獲得的成果和有關本文研究的具體實驗方案設計。 本文在第三章中重點對實驗材料進行了詳細的分析,從詞頻和筆畫數(shù)對詞語認知加工的影響、關鍵詞在篇章閱讀中的眼動特征、主題句在篇章閱讀中的眼動特征三個層面對四種文體閱讀的眼動數(shù)據(jù)進行了統(tǒng)計和分析,得出了以下結論： (1)在現(xiàn)代文體閱讀中,材料的詞頻效應顯著,筆畫數(shù)效應不顯著；在古代文體閱讀中,材料的詞頻效應不顯著,筆畫數(shù)效應相對較顯著。 (2)在關鍵詞短語的閱讀中,無論是現(xiàn)代文體還是古代文體,對于謂詞性短語的注意都要高于名詞性短語,表現(xiàn)為注視次數(shù)多,注視點持續(xù)時間長,眼跳次數(shù)多,眼跳時間長,眼跳距離短。 (3)在篇章關鍵句的閱讀中,現(xiàn)代文體閱讀時,關鍵句、文章的首句和末句相比文中的其他句子的眼動信號,表現(xiàn)為較大的差異；而在古代文體閱讀時,這種差異并不十分明顯。 (4)通過對古代文體和現(xiàn)代文體閱讀的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然同為漢語,但由于語法和語義的變化,在眼動參數(shù)上表現(xiàn)為明顯的不同,使被試的閱讀認知過程也產(chǎn)生了差異,說明閱讀材料的語法結構和意義的表達與讀者的閱讀習慣是否相似,是影響閱讀的一個重要因素。 (5)通過對實驗數(shù)據(jù)的歸納和總結,發(fā)現(xiàn)眼動信號參數(shù)之間的關系有：眼跳距離和注視次數(shù)之間呈反比,眼跳距離和眼跳時間之間呈反比,注視次數(shù)和注視點持續(xù)時間之間呈正比。
[Abstract]:Reading is a necessary skill in our daily study and life. It is closely related to our daily life. It has become a hot research issue in cognitive psychology to explore the cognitive process of reading through the method of eye movement. In this paper, using prose, news, poetry and classical Chinese as experimental materials, eye movement display technology is used to study the cognitive mode of eye movement in Chinese reading from the three levels of vocabulary, phrase and sentence, and the original eye movement signal is processed. Through statistics and analysis, some important eye movement parameters, such as reading parameters, gaze parameters and eye movement parameters, are used to explore the mechanism of language processing in reading. This paper discusses the research status of eye movement in Chinese reading, summarizes several kinds of eye movement patterns in reading, expounds the theoretical basis and methods of this paper, and introduces in detail the principle and research methods of eye movement following display technology. The experiment flow, the results obtained in the language research and the specific experimental scheme design of this paper. In the third chapter, the experimental materials are analyzed in detail, including the influence of word frequency and stroke number on the cognitive processing of words, the eye movement characteristics of keywords in text reading. In this paper, three levels of eye movement characteristics of topic sentences in text reading are analyzed and analyzed. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) in modern stylistic reading, the word frequency effect of materials is significant; The number effect of stroke is not significant; in ancient stylistic reading, the word frequency effect of material is not significant, and the number effect of stroke is relatively significant. (2) in the reading of key phrase, whether it is modern style or ancient style, The attention of predicate phrase is higher than that of nominal phrase, which is shown by more fixation, longer fixation point, more time of eye jump, longer time of saccade and shorter distance. (3) in the reading of key sentences, When reading in modern style, the key sentences, the first sentence of the article and the last sentence have different eye movement signals compared with the other sentences in the text, but in the ancient style of reading, The difference is not very obvious. (4) by comparing the ancient style with the modern style, we find that although the same language is Chinese, the eye movement parameters are obviously different because of the changes of grammar and semantics. The reading cognitive process of the subjects is also different, which shows whether the grammatical structure and meaning of the reading materials are similar to the readers' reading habits. It is an important factor that affects reading. (5) by summarizing the experimental data, we find that the relationship between the parameters of eye movement signal is: the distance of eye movement is inversely proportional to the number of fixation, and the distance of eye jump is inversely proportional to the time of saccade. The number of fixation is proportional to the duration of fixation.
【學位授予單位】：西北民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H0-05

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