【摘要】：“可X了”是口語(yǔ)常用結(jié)構(gòu)之一，借鑒構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法理論，我們稱其為構(gòu)式。本文在對(duì)其構(gòu)式構(gòu)件、主觀量和主觀性進(jìn)行考察的基礎(chǔ)之上，分析該構(gòu)式的形成與構(gòu)式義的整合。本文包括緒論、主體和結(jié)論三部分。 緒論部分界定了本文的研究對(duì)象：“可X了”構(gòu)式，介紹了本文研究目的和研究意義，簡(jiǎn)述了相關(guān)的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，明確了本文研究的重點(diǎn)是“可X了”構(gòu)式的構(gòu)式義和該構(gòu)式主觀性、主觀量。 主體部分包括第二章至第五章。第二章從詞典對(duì)“可X了”構(gòu)式的解釋切入，對(duì)該構(gòu)式進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的描寫(xiě)。本章介紹了構(gòu)式“可X了”，并對(duì)構(gòu)式的構(gòu)件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描寫(xiě)，分析了“可”、“了”的性質(zhì)和功能，對(duì)可以進(jìn)入構(gòu)式的成分做了描寫(xiě)分析，分析了它們性狀義隱含的量性特征，最后描寫(xiě)了構(gòu)式的句法功能。 第三章運(yùn)用構(gòu)式理論，對(duì)“可X了”構(gòu)式的形成以及構(gòu)式義的整合進(jìn)行了研究，其構(gòu)式義是各個(gè)構(gòu)件互相整合的結(jié)果，語(yǔ)氣副詞“可”的強(qiáng)語(yǔ)勢(shì)遷移，使“X”的量性達(dá)到高量級(jí)，“X”的程度義又感染“可”，使整個(gè)構(gòu)式具有主觀評(píng)述性程度高量級(jí)的意義；分析了其他“可+A”的意義，指出它們跟本文構(gòu)式的差異；最后總結(jié)了“可X了”構(gòu)式的話語(yǔ)功能：元語(yǔ)增量功能和焦點(diǎn)凸顯功能。 第四章對(duì)“可X了”構(gòu)式的主觀性和主觀量進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)描寫(xiě)和解釋。首先分析了構(gòu)式“可X了”主觀性的表現(xiàn)，文章主要從說(shuō)話人的情感、說(shuō)話人的視角、說(shuō)話人的認(rèn)識(shí)三個(gè)方面分析構(gòu)式的主觀性；此外分析了其主觀性和主觀量的表現(xiàn)形式�！翱蒟了”構(gòu)式，作為表示一個(gè)主觀大量的結(jié)構(gòu)，不僅表現(xiàn)主觀評(píng)價(jià)的客觀量級(jí)，還顯示了主觀評(píng)價(jià)自身的量級(jí)。 第五章選擇了“很X”“怪X（的）”和“太X（了）”三個(gè)表程度的結(jié)構(gòu)作為比較對(duì)象，分別從其句法語(yǔ)義、主觀性和主觀量三個(gè)方面做出了比較，對(duì)這四個(gè)表程度結(jié)構(gòu)的主觀性做出了排序，“可X了”主觀性最強(qiáng)，，其次是“太X（了）”，再次是“怪X（的）”，“很X”的主觀性最弱，客觀性最強(qiáng)。主觀量方面，“很”客觀程度高量，“怪”主觀異狀量，“太”表示主觀程度高量或者主觀過(guò)量，“可X了”是主觀高量。 第六章總結(jié)全文，做出結(jié)論�！翱蒟了”是一個(gè)表達(dá)主觀程度高量級(jí)的構(gòu)式。本文的研究不僅對(duì)“可”詞性的爭(zhēng)議有幫助，對(duì)教學(xué)也有一定的裨益；此外指出了本文的不足以及有待解決的問(wèn)題；最后探討了構(gòu)式的教學(xué)對(duì)策，提出了幾點(diǎn)建議。
[Abstract]:"can X" is one of the commonly used structures in spoken English. We call it "construction" by referring to the theory of construction grammar. Based on the investigation of the construction component, subjective quantity and subjectivity, this paper analyzes the formation of the construction and the integration of the construction meaning. This article includes the introduction, the main body and the conclusion three parts. The introduction defines the object of this paper: "can X" structure, introduces the purpose and significance of this study, and briefly describes the current research situation at home and abroad. It is clear that the emphasis of this paper is on the construction meaning and subjective quantity of the construction of "can X" construction. The main part includes the second to fifth chapters. In the second chapter, the construction of "can X" is described in detail from the explanation of the dictionary. This chapter introduces the construction "can X", and describes the components of the construction in detail, analyzes the nature and function of "can" and "has", and makes a descriptive analysis of the elements that can enter the construction. The quantitative features of their meanings are analyzed, and the syntactic functions of the constructions are described. The third chapter studies the formation and integration of the construction of "can X" by using the theory of construction. Its construction meaning is the result of the integration of each component, and the strong potential transfer of the modal adverb "can". It makes the quantity of "X" reach the high order of magnitude, and the degree of "X" affects "can", which makes the whole construction have the significance of subjective comment and high order of magnitude, analyzes the meaning of other "can A", and points out the difference between them and the construction in this paper. Finally, this paper summarizes the discourse function of "can X" construction: meta-increment function and focus-highlighting function. Chapter four describes and explains in detail the subjectivity and subjective quantity of the construction of "can X". Firstly, this paper analyzes the subjectivity of the construction "can X", mainly analyzes the subjectivity of the construction from three aspects: the emotion of the speaker, the perspective of the speaker and the cognition of the speaker, in addition, it analyzes the forms of subjectivity and subjective quantity. As a large number of subjective structures, the construction of "can X" not only shows the objective order of subjective evaluation, but also shows the order of magnitude of subjective evaluation itself. The fifth chapter chooses "very X", "strange X" and "Tai X" as the comparison objects, and compares them from three aspects of syntax and semantics, subjectivity and subjective quantity, respectively. The subjective structure of the four tables is ranked. The subjectivity of "can X" is the strongest, followed by "too X", again "strange X", "very X" is the weakest subjectivity and the most objective. In terms of subjective quantity, "very" objective degree is high, "strange" subjective abnormal quantity, "too" means high subjective degree or subjective excess, "X" is subjective high quantity. Chapter six summarizes the full text and draws a conclusion. "can X" is a high degree of subjective expression of the construction. The research in this paper is not only helpful to the controversy of "can" part of speech, but also beneficial to teaching; in addition, it points out the shortcomings of this paper and the problems to be solved. Finally, it discusses the teaching countermeasures of construction and puts forward some suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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