“A才B呢”構式研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 11:17
【摘要】：“A才B呢”是現(xiàn)代漢語口語中常用的構式,在句法、語義、語用功能等方面有其特殊表現(xiàn),其構式義的形成能夠從認知角度進行解釋。 “A才B呢”的構式義是否定駁斥。變量成分“A”可分別表第一人稱、第二人稱和第三人稱,且當“A”為不同類型時對構式的否定駁斥程度有一定影響。變量“B”可由動詞、動詞短語、名詞及形容詞充當。從感情色彩上說,“B”以貶義成分最常見,也可以是中性成分。當“A”為[+反常性]名詞,“B”為非單音節(jié)光桿動詞的動詞性成分時,構式可省略常量,成為變體“AB”�！癆才B呢”在語用上表現(xiàn)出消極情緒指向,其內(nèi)部小類在交際場合的適用上顯示出一定差異�！癆才B呢”的引發(fā)句可分為簡單引發(fā)句和復雜引發(fā)句,在存在形式上表現(xiàn)為顯性引發(fā)和隱性引發(fā)兩種�！癆才B呢”表隱性否定時,A是對比焦點,表顯性否定時存在話題焦點A和對比焦點B。其焦點表現(xiàn)手段主要有焦點重音和焦點敏感算子“才”。在語篇中“A才B呢”的銜接功能主要是“回應”和“解說”,其實現(xiàn)話語銜接的手段主要是詞匯銜接,包括原詞復現(xiàn)和概括詞復現(xiàn)。 否定構式“A才B呢”的否定機制主要依靠演繹推理,雙方認知語境中作為人類普遍認知的大鏡體和作為直接環(huán)境的小鏡體二者被激活,并結合二者推導出結論�！癆才B呢”的主觀性主要體現(xiàn)在視角和情感上。說話人從“自我”視角空間出發(fā),表達言者主觀態(tài)度,帶有較強的主觀性�！癆才B呢”在行、知、言三域內(nèi)分別以行表駁、以知表駁、以言表駁。其表達的情感根據(jù)交際關系和消極程度的不同可分為沖突型和非沖突型兩類�！癆才B呢”構式和表強調(diào)程度義的同形異構構式“A0才B0呢”的差異主要表現(xiàn)在對組成成分的選擇差異、形式差異和語用差異
[Abstract]:"A talent B" is a common construction in modern Chinese spoken language, which has its special expression in syntax, semantics and pragmatic functions. The formation of its construction meaning can be explained from the perspective of cognition. The construction of "A is B" is a negative refutation. The variable component "A" can be classified as the first person, the second person and the third person, and the degree of negative refutation of the construction is influenced to some extent when "A" is of different types. Variable B can be used by verbs, verb phrases, nouns and adjectives. In terms of emotional color, B is the most common derogatory component, and can also be neutral. When "A" is a [anomalous] noun and "B" is a verb component of a non-monosyllabic smooth pole verb, the construction can omit the constant and become a variant of "AB". The internal subcategories show some differences in the application of communicative situations. The initiation sentences of "A is B" can be divided into simple trigger sentences and complex initiation sentences. In the form of existence, there are two kinds of explicit initiation and recessive initiation. "A just B" is the contrast focus, and the topic focus A and the contrast focus B exist when the explicit negation is shown. The means of expression of focus mainly include focus stress and focus sensitive operator. The cohesive functions of "A just B" in the discourse are mainly "response" and "explanation", and the means to achieve discourse cohesion are mainly lexical cohesion, including the repetition of the original words and the repetition of the general words. The negation mechanism of "A is just B" mainly depends on deductive reasoning. Both of them are activated in the cognitive context of both sides as the large mirror of universal human cognition and the small mirror as the direct environment. The subjectivity of "A talent B" is mainly reflected in visual angle and emotion. From the perspective of "self", the speaker expresses the speaker's subjective attitude and has a strong subjectivity. According to the difference of communication relationship and negative degree, the emotion expressed can be divided into two types: conflict type and non-conflict type. The difference between "A talent B" and "A" isomorphism "A _ 0" is mainly manifested in the difference of "A" and "A". Differences in the selection of components, Formal and pragmatic differences
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
本文編號：2189304
[Abstract]:"A talent B" is a common construction in modern Chinese spoken language, which has its special expression in syntax, semantics and pragmatic functions. The formation of its construction meaning can be explained from the perspective of cognition. The construction of "A is B" is a negative refutation. The variable component "A" can be classified as the first person, the second person and the third person, and the degree of negative refutation of the construction is influenced to some extent when "A" is of different types. Variable B can be used by verbs, verb phrases, nouns and adjectives. In terms of emotional color, B is the most common derogatory component, and can also be neutral. When "A" is a [anomalous] noun and "B" is a verb component of a non-monosyllabic smooth pole verb, the construction can omit the constant and become a variant of "AB". The internal subcategories show some differences in the application of communicative situations. The initiation sentences of "A is B" can be divided into simple trigger sentences and complex initiation sentences. In the form of existence, there are two kinds of explicit initiation and recessive initiation. "A just B" is the contrast focus, and the topic focus A and the contrast focus B exist when the explicit negation is shown. The means of expression of focus mainly include focus stress and focus sensitive operator. The cohesive functions of "A just B" in the discourse are mainly "response" and "explanation", and the means to achieve discourse cohesion are mainly lexical cohesion, including the repetition of the original words and the repetition of the general words. The negation mechanism of "A is just B" mainly depends on deductive reasoning. Both of them are activated in the cognitive context of both sides as the large mirror of universal human cognition and the small mirror as the direct environment. The subjectivity of "A talent B" is mainly reflected in visual angle and emotion. From the perspective of "self", the speaker expresses the speaker's subjective attitude and has a strong subjectivity. According to the difference of communication relationship and negative degree, the emotion expressed can be divided into two types: conflict type and non-conflict type. The difference between "A talent B" and "A" isomorphism "A _ 0" is mainly manifested in the difference of "A" and "A". Differences in the selection of components, Formal and pragmatic differences
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
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，本文編號：2189304
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