順應(yīng)理論框架下稱謂語的語用分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-31 20:51
【摘要】：作為語言系統(tǒng)的基本成分，稱謂語一直是學(xué)術(shù)界研究的熱點(diǎn)話題。稱謂語廣泛應(yīng)用于人們的日常交際中，因此研究稱謂語的選用很重要。關(guān)于稱謂語的研究，最早的影響最大的是布朗和吉爾曼，他們認(rèn)為權(quán)勢(shì)和同等關(guān)系是人們選擇第二人稱代詞形式Tu或Vous(你，分別簡寫為T、 V，此種形式適用于整篇論文)的兩個(gè)決定性因素。他們兩人的研究為之后稱謂語的研究奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。此后，BrownFord對(duì)美國英語中,人們選用什么樣的名字來稱呼進(jìn)行了深入研究，提出了美國英語稱謂系統(tǒng)的三種語義模式：彼此直呼其名，彼此都使用頭銜加姓氏的模式和非對(duì)稱選擇方式。Ervin-Tripp則借鑒電腦中的形式流程圖呈現(xiàn)了美語稱謂系統(tǒng)。在中國，很多學(xué)者在稱謂語的研究上也取得了很大的成就。其中的代表人物包括趙元任，，著有《中國人的各種稱呼語》和祝畹瑾，仿照Ervin-Tripp，繪制出了漢語稱謂系統(tǒng)流程圖。但是，之前的研究大多是從社會(huì)語言學(xué)的角度分析稱謂語的分類，功能，大多是靜態(tài)的研究，而稱呼語總是在不同的語境中使用，受到不同因素的影響，這些過程都是動(dòng)態(tài)的。因此，本篇論文致力于應(yīng)用Verschueren的言語順應(yīng)理論，從語用學(xué)的角度對(duì)稱謂語的選用做動(dòng)態(tài)的研究。 Verschueren的言語順應(yīng)理論認(rèn)為語言的使用是人類的一種順應(yīng)性行為，是一個(gè)不斷做出選擇的過程。在這個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的過程中，語境和語言選擇二者相互順應(yīng)。語言的三個(gè)特質(zhì)：變異性，協(xié)商性和順應(yīng)性是語言選擇的保證。以順應(yīng)性為基點(diǎn)，Verschueren從四個(gè)角度描寫和解釋語言的使用，包括順應(yīng)的語境關(guān)聯(lián)成分、順應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)象、順應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)性和順應(yīng)過程的意識(shí)突顯。言語的選擇就是在不斷順應(yīng)各種交際語境的過程中實(shí)現(xiàn)的。交際語境是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的概念，包含了心理世界、社交世界和物質(zhì)世界的多種因素，這些因素對(duì)言語選擇有很大的影響作用。稱謂語是語言系統(tǒng)的基本成分，因此言語順應(yīng)理論同樣適用于稱謂語的研究。 本篇論文第一、二部分首先介紹了稱謂語的概念和國內(nèi)外稱謂語研究的現(xiàn)狀，隨后在第三部分呈現(xiàn)了言語順應(yīng)理論的基本內(nèi)容。以言語順應(yīng)理論為理論框架，在第四部分，以大量的文學(xué)作品和生活實(shí)例為語料，本篇論文主要研究了語言使用者順應(yīng)不同的交際語境，對(duì)稱謂語做出選擇的動(dòng)態(tài)過程，包括對(duì)心理世界的順應(yīng)、對(duì)社交世界的順應(yīng)和對(duì)物質(zhì)世界的順應(yīng)。對(duì)主要的心理世界的研究，又包含了性格特征、信念、情感、動(dòng)機(jī)等方面。在最后一部分，通過對(duì)本篇論文中稱謂語使用的大量的語料的分析，本篇論文得出了以下結(jié)論：語言使用者必須不斷的適應(yīng)各種不同的交際語境，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)姆Q謂語才能使交流順利的開展并進(jìn)行。同時(shí)，也證明了Verschueren的言語順應(yīng)理論的強(qiáng)大的解釋力和滲透力。論文的最后一部分還涉及了本篇論文的一些不足之處和對(duì)進(jìn)一步研究的啟示。
[Abstract]:As a basic component of language system, appellation has always been a hot topic in academic circles. Addressing terms are widely used in people's daily communication, so it is very important to study the choice of address terms. In the study of appellations, Brown and Gilman were the first ones to have the greatest influence. They believed that power and equal relations were people's choice of the second personal pronoun Tu or Vous (you, The two determinants are T, V, which are applicable to the whole paper. Their studies laid a solid foundation for the later study of appellations. Since then, Brown Ford has made an in-depth study of what kinds of names people choose in American English, and put forward three semantic models of the American English appellation system: they call each other their names directly. Ervin-Tripp uses both titles and surnames. Ervin-Tripp presents the American appellation system using the form flow chart in the computer. In China, many scholars have also made great achievements in the study of appellations. The representative figures include Zhao Yuanren and Zhu Wanjin, who are the authors of Chinese titles and Zhu Wanjin. The flow chart of Chinese appellation system is drawn out by imitating Ervin-Tripp. However, most previous studies have analyzed the classification and function of address terms from the perspective of sociolinguistics, and most of them are static studies. However, address forms are always used in different contexts and influenced by different factors. These processes are dynamic. Therefore, this thesis is devoted to the application of Verschueren's speech adaptation theory to the dynamic study of the choice of symmetric predicates from the perspective of pragmatics. Verschueren's speech adaptation Theory holds that language use is an adaptive act of human beings. It's a continuous process of making choices. In this dynamic process, context and language choice adapt to each other. The three characteristics of language: variability, negotiation and adaptability are the guarantee of language choice. Based on adaptation, Verschueren describes and explains the use of language from four angles, including the contextual components of adaptation, the structural object of adaptation, the dynamic nature of adaptation and the awareness of adaptation process. The choice of speech is realized in the process of constantly adapting to various communicative contexts. Communicative context is a complex concept, which includes many factors of mental world, social world and material world, which have great influence on speech choice. Appellation is the basic component of language system, so the theory of speech adaptation is also applicable to the study of appellation. The first and second parts of this thesis first introduce the concept of address terms and the present situation of appellation studies at home and abroad, and then present the basic content of speech adaptation theory in the third part. Taking the theory of speech adaptation as the theoretical framework and taking a large number of literary works and living examples as the corpus in the fourth part, this paper mainly studies the dynamic process of language users' adaptation to different communication contexts and the choice of symmetric predicates. Including the adaptation to the psychological world, to the social world and to the material world. The study of the main psychological world includes personality traits, beliefs, emotions, motivation and so on. In the last part, through the analysis of a large number of corpus used in this paper, we draw the following conclusions: language users must constantly adapt to different communication contexts. Only by choosing the appropriate appellation can the communication be carried out smoothly. At the same time, it also proves that Verschueren's speech adaptation theory has powerful explanatory power and permeability. The last part of the paper also involves some deficiencies of this paper and the inspiration for further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136
本文編號(hào)：2156789
[Abstract]:As a basic component of language system, appellation has always been a hot topic in academic circles. Addressing terms are widely used in people's daily communication, so it is very important to study the choice of address terms. In the study of appellations, Brown and Gilman were the first ones to have the greatest influence. They believed that power and equal relations were people's choice of the second personal pronoun Tu or Vous (you, The two determinants are T, V, which are applicable to the whole paper. Their studies laid a solid foundation for the later study of appellations. Since then, Brown Ford has made an in-depth study of what kinds of names people choose in American English, and put forward three semantic models of the American English appellation system: they call each other their names directly. Ervin-Tripp uses both titles and surnames. Ervin-Tripp presents the American appellation system using the form flow chart in the computer. In China, many scholars have also made great achievements in the study of appellations. The representative figures include Zhao Yuanren and Zhu Wanjin, who are the authors of Chinese titles and Zhu Wanjin. The flow chart of Chinese appellation system is drawn out by imitating Ervin-Tripp. However, most previous studies have analyzed the classification and function of address terms from the perspective of sociolinguistics, and most of them are static studies. However, address forms are always used in different contexts and influenced by different factors. These processes are dynamic. Therefore, this thesis is devoted to the application of Verschueren's speech adaptation theory to the dynamic study of the choice of symmetric predicates from the perspective of pragmatics. Verschueren's speech adaptation Theory holds that language use is an adaptive act of human beings. It's a continuous process of making choices. In this dynamic process, context and language choice adapt to each other. The three characteristics of language: variability, negotiation and adaptability are the guarantee of language choice. Based on adaptation, Verschueren describes and explains the use of language from four angles, including the contextual components of adaptation, the structural object of adaptation, the dynamic nature of adaptation and the awareness of adaptation process. The choice of speech is realized in the process of constantly adapting to various communicative contexts. Communicative context is a complex concept, which includes many factors of mental world, social world and material world, which have great influence on speech choice. Appellation is the basic component of language system, so the theory of speech adaptation is also applicable to the study of appellation. The first and second parts of this thesis first introduce the concept of address terms and the present situation of appellation studies at home and abroad, and then present the basic content of speech adaptation theory in the third part. Taking the theory of speech adaptation as the theoretical framework and taking a large number of literary works and living examples as the corpus in the fourth part, this paper mainly studies the dynamic process of language users' adaptation to different communication contexts and the choice of symmetric predicates. Including the adaptation to the psychological world, to the social world and to the material world. The study of the main psychological world includes personality traits, beliefs, emotions, motivation and so on. In the last part, through the analysis of a large number of corpus used in this paper, we draw the following conclusions: language users must constantly adapt to different communication contexts. Only by choosing the appropriate appellation can the communication be carried out smoothly. At the same time, it also proves that Verschueren's speech adaptation theory has powerful explanatory power and permeability. The last part of the paper also involves some deficiencies of this paper and the inspiration for further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136
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