【摘要】：致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式不僅是一個(gè)語(yǔ)義概念,也是生活中的基本經(jīng)驗(yàn)。它不僅豐富了語(yǔ)言表達(dá)形式,而且加強(qiáng)了表達(dá)效果。前人對(duì)致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式研究已經(jīng)深入解析了語(yǔ)義及句法等特征,但是仍有一定的研究空間。本文在已有的研究基礎(chǔ)上以構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法為指導(dǎo),對(duì)比漢法致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式的相似性及差異性及其原因。 致使移動(dòng)的基本語(yǔ)義為：施事者(agent)作用于受事者(patient),通過(guò)力的傳遞而致使受事者發(fā)生位置的改變,此改變會(huì)遵循致使力所指定的路徑來(lái)移動(dòng)。從認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)角度出發(fā),句法形成過(guò)程按照：事件結(jié)構(gòu)→概念結(jié)構(gòu)→語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)→句法結(jié)構(gòu),本文所研究的致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式也不例外。致使移動(dòng)的事件結(jié)構(gòu)表現(xiàn)在生活中的一種場(chǎng)景,即存在一個(gè)施事者,它引發(fā)了力的傳遞從而作用于受事者,從而導(dǎo)致受事者發(fā)生位移改變。當(dāng)人們感覺(jué)到了事件結(jié)構(gòu)后就會(huì)在頭腦中形成這種移動(dòng)的概念結(jié)構(gòu)。出于表達(dá)的需要,人們進(jìn)一步將其轉(zhuǎn)化為致使移動(dòng)的語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu),其中心語(yǔ)義是“作用力導(dǎo)致受事者移動(dòng)”,其擴(kuò)展的語(yǔ)義包含“蘊(yùn)涵致使”、“能夠致使”、“幫助致使”和“阻止致使”。本文從語(yǔ)義限制的角度,對(duì)比漢法致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式的主要成分：施事者、受事者、作用力和結(jié)果。由于共同的認(rèn)知,漢法致使移動(dòng)在以上三方面大致相似,但二者的相異之處在于它們的句法形式。法語(yǔ)的致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式形式比較單一,表現(xiàn)為：‘"[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLPP]]";漢語(yǔ)的相應(yīng)的形式稍微復(fù)雜些表現(xiàn)為："[SUBJ [OBJBaNP V OBLDP]]",另外一種表達(dá)形式與法語(yǔ)相近："[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLDP]]"。在漢語(yǔ)中,人們根據(jù)不同的需要來(lái)選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)。除此之外,漢法致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式在認(rèn)知決定和移動(dòng)路徑的表述上也有較大的差異,本文在構(gòu)式理論指導(dǎo)下分析兩者的差異及原因。 本文認(rèn)為致使移動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)作為人類(lèi)的基本活動(dòng)經(jīng)驗(yàn),存在于漢法兩種語(yǔ)言之中。由于共同的認(rèn)知特點(diǎn),所以?xún)烧咴谑录Y(jié)構(gòu)、概念結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)上的差別不是很大。但是鑒于生存環(huán)境和歷史的發(fā)展過(guò)程不同,語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng)在形成中表現(xiàn)出很大的差異,從而表現(xiàn)為句法形式上的差異性。本文擬在解讀漢法致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式的語(yǔ)義句法特征并分析其共性和差異。
[Abstract]:Moving structure is not only a semantic concept, but also a basic experience in life. It not only enriches the form of language expression, but also strengthens the effect of expression. The predecessors have deeply analyzed the semantic and syntactic features, but still have some research space on the research of causative structure, but this paper is based on the existing research. Grammar is the guide to compare the similarities and differences between the Chinese and French induced mobile constructions.
The basic semantic meaning of the cause of movement is that the agent acts on the recipient (patient) to change the position of the recipient through the transfer of force, and this change will follow the path specified by the causative force. From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the process of syntactic formation is based on event structure, conceptual structure, semantic structure, syntax. Structure, the causative structure of this article is no exception. The event structure of the mobile is represented in a scene in life, the existence of a performer, which triggers the transfer of force to the victim, which leads to the displacements of the victims. The semantic structure of the movement is further translated into the semantic structure of the cause of movement. The central meaning of the semantic structure is that the "force leads to the movement of the victims". The semantic meaning of the extension includes "implication causation", "can cause", "help cause" and "prevent cause". From the angle of semantic restriction, this article contrasts Han. The law leads to the main components of the movement structure: the donors, the recipients, the forces and the results. Because of the common cognition, the Han law makes the movement roughly similar in the three aspects, but the differences of the two are in their syntactic forms. The French causative structure form is relatively simple, "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLPP]]"; the corresponding Chinese The form is slightly more complex: "[SUBJ [OBJBaNP V OBLDP]]", and the other form of expression is similar to French: "[SUBJ[V OBJ OBLDP]]". In Chinese, people choose appropriate expressions according to different needs. In addition, the Chinese law makes a larger difference in the expression of the mobile structure in the representation of cognitive decision and the movement path. Under the guidance of constructional theory, the differences and reasons are analyzed.
This paper argues that the mobile structure is a basic human activity experience and exists in the two languages of the Han Dynasty. Because of the common cognitive characteristics, the difference between the two is not very big in the event structure, the conceptual structure and the semantic structure. However, in view of the different development process of the living environment and history, the language system shows very much in its formation. The difference between them is manifested as syntactic differences. In this paper, we will interpret the semantic syntactic features and analyze their similarities and differences.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H146;H32

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳俊芳;;單層構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法框架下英語(yǔ)典型致使移動(dòng)構(gòu)式的認(rèn)知分析[J];中北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2011年01期

2 嚴(yán)辰松;;構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法論要[J];解放軍外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2006年04期

3 陳昌來(lái);論現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)的致使結(jié)構(gòu)[J];井岡山師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2001年03期

4 張京魚(yú);英漢心理使役動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用對(duì)比研究[J];外語(yǔ)研究;2001年03期

5 潘艷艷,張輝;英漢致使移動(dòng)句式的認(rèn)知對(duì)比研究[J];外語(yǔ)學(xué)刊;2005年03期

6 丁建川;“把”字句淺談[J];泰安教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)岱宗學(xué)刊;1999年02期

7 張輝;語(yǔ)法整合與英漢致使移動(dòng)的對(duì)比研究[J];天津外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

8 陸儉明;詞語(yǔ)句法、語(yǔ)義的多功能性:對(duì)“構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法”理論的解釋[J];外國(guó)語(yǔ)(上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào));2004年02期

9 沈家煊;;句式和配價(jià)[J];中國(guó)語(yǔ)文;2000年04期

10 張旺熹!100083;“把”字句的位移圖式[J];語(yǔ)言教學(xué)與研究;2001年03期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 梁曉波;致使詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)知研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2003年

2 宛新政;現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)致使句研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2004年

3 羅思明;英漢動(dòng)結(jié)式的認(rèn)知功能分析[D];上海外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號(hào)：2141718