本文選題：身份 + 身份建構　； 參考：《蘭州理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：身份是“自我和他人在社會網(wǎng)絡中的定位”(BucholtzHall,2005:586),已經(jīng)成為人文科學和社會科學中一個值得關注的中心議題(Paul du Gay等,2000：1)。在建構的語言身份理論影響下,身份被認為是人們在話語及社會實踐中不斷建構的動態(tài)過程,具體情境中的語言運用對身份建構發(fā)揮著重要的作用。越來越多的學者開始關注并研究言語交際過程中變化的、流動的話語身份建構。 在此背景下,根據(jù)Zimmerman (1998:88)對“話語身份”這一概念的闡述,本文對微觀語用身份進行了界定,基于Wenger(1998)的實踐社區(qū)理論和Verschueren(1999)的語言順應論相結合的身份建構語用分析框架,致力于研究在論文答辯中交際者微觀語用身份的建構過程,即闡釋在特定的實踐社區(qū)中特定的話語身份產(chǎn)生的具體過程和原因,以期探究學術會話互動語境中交際者話語身份的建構本質。本研究主要試圖弄清三個問題：1)論文答辯中交際者通過哪些語言形式和策略建構了什么樣的微觀語用身份?2)這些不同的微觀語用身份是如何建構的?3)為什么要建構這些身份? 為回答這些問題,我們選取了包括英漢兩種語言的共5篇博士論文作為語料進行分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：a)在論文答辯的過程中,答辯學生主要構建了四種微觀語用身份,即答辯者,研究者,論文向導,答辯共同體成員身份；b)答辯教師建構的微觀語用身份類型較為豐富,主要有專家,導師,考官,答辯主席,答辯成員,同事,外行人,教育家身份等。c)身份建構過程中主要用到了指示語,模糊限制語,話論轉換,共同話題,模糊策略,禮貌原則等語言形式和策略。d)論文答辯中交際者的微觀語用身份呈現(xiàn)出多重性和流動性的特點。研究表明論文答辯中交際者話語身份的多重性和流動性是說話人為了維護自己和他人的面子而選擇不同的語言形式和策略來順應禮貌原則和權勢原則的結果。身份建構的本質是會話者為實現(xiàn)一定的交際目的而做出的調整適應性言語行為。 從理論角度講,這一研究不僅利于觀察和分析交際者在特定實踐社區(qū)中的身份構建現(xiàn)象,幫助人們更清楚地理解順應論對于話語分析的指導意義,也為以后從事學術話語分析的研究者提供了一個全新的視角。在應用上,論文答辯中微觀語用身份的建構,有助于該實踐社區(qū)的學習者充分認識到語言在建構身份中的重要作用,從而有意識地運用語言加強某些身份特征對答辯話語產(chǎn)生的積極影響,最大化地實現(xiàn)自己的交際目的,對人們在其它語境中開展成功的語言交際具有一定的指導作用。
[Abstract]:Identity is "the orientation of self and others in the Social Network." it has become a central issue in the humanities and social sciences, such as Paul du Gay et al., 2000: 1. Under the influence of the theory of language identity, identity is regarded as the dynamic process of people's construction in discourse and social practice. Language use in specific situations plays an important role in the construction of identity. More and more scholars begin to pay attention to and study the changing and flowing discourse identity construction in the process of verbal communication. In this context, according to the definition of "discourse identity" given by Zimmerman / 1998: 88), this paper defines the micro-pragmatic identity, which combines the community of practice theory based on Wengerli (1998) and the linguistic adaptation theory of Verschueren (1999). This paper is devoted to the study of the process of constructing the pragmatic identity of the communicator in the defense of the thesis, that is, to explain the specific process and reasons for the emergence of the specific discourse identity in a specific community of practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of communicative discourse identity in the interactive context of academic conversation. This study attempts to find out three questions: 1) what language forms and strategies do the communicators construct in the thesis reply? (2) how the different micropragmatic identities are constructed) and why should they be constructed? In order to answer these questions, we selected five doctoral papers, including English and Chinese, as corpus. The study found that in the process of thesis defense, the respondent students mainly constructed four micro-pragmatic identities, that is, the respondent. The types of micro-pragmatic identity constructed by the respondent teachers are rich, such as experts, mentors, examiners, defense presidents, defense members, colleagues, laymen, etc. In the process of identity construction, deixis, hedges, conversational transformation, common topics, fuzzy strategies are mainly used in the process of identity construction. Politeness principle and other language forms and strategies. The study shows that the multiplicity and fluidity of the communicative discourse identity in the thesis defense is the result of the speaker choosing different language forms and strategies to conform to the politeness principle and the power principle in order to protect the face of himself and others. The essence of identity construction is the adaptive speech act made by the conversator to achieve a certain communicative purpose. Theoretically speaking, this study not only helps to observe and analyze the phenomenon of identity construction of communicators in a particular community of practice, but also helps people to understand more clearly the guiding significance of adaptation theory in discourse analysis. It also provides a new perspective for future researchers engaged in academic discourse analysis. In application, the construction of micro-pragmatic identity in thesis defense is helpful for learners in this practical community to fully realize the important role of language in the construction of identity. Therefore, the conscious use of language to strengthen the positive influence of certain identity features on the defense discourse, to maximize their communicative purpose, and to guide people to carry out successful language communication in other contexts.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313;H136

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