本文選題：“它”及其回指　切入點：線性表現(xiàn)　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：篇章語言學(xué)是有關(guān)語言學(xué)研究的一個新領(lǐng)域，也是涵蓋面較廣的研究領(lǐng)域，在篇章研究中會涉及語法、語用、認(rèn)知等，而且不同的學(xué)者也分別從這些方面取得優(yōu)異的研究成果。本文便立足篇章語言學(xué)，選取其中極細(xì)小的一方面——篇章回指進(jìn)行探析，我們在篇章回指的下面選擇指物代詞“它”作為主要的研究對象，以期在小話題內(nèi)探討篇章語言學(xué)的一個側(cè)面。在篇章回指的研究中，學(xué)術(shù)前輩多以人稱代詞為研究對象，尤其是第三人稱代詞，而對“它”的研究并不多見。在少數(shù)的指物代詞“它”研究中都是簡單概括，也并未形成全面的探析。而“它”在清代以后作為一個獨立的代詞，運用在不同的文體中，產(chǎn)生其自身獨有的性質(zhì)，為此，本文立足篇章語言學(xué)，運用功能語言學(xué)的一些理論，對“它”進(jìn)行探究。本文運用歷時與共時相結(jié)合的方式，不僅簡略地探討古代漢語中的“它”句法表現(xiàn)，更加具體地分析現(xiàn)代漢語中“它”的特性，并把這些特性用定量和定性的方式展現(xiàn)出來，進(jìn)行描述和解釋。 本文共分為六章，第二、三、四章是重點章節(jié)。第一章是緒論。在這一章中，我們介紹了本文所要運用到的一些術(shù)語，并在特別需要說明之處加以詳細(xì)論述。其中，最主要地是總括了前人對篇章回指的研究情況，尤其是代詞回指的研究，從而使本文的研究方向更加明確。 第二章是指物代詞“它”線性分析。在這一章里，我們運用歷時與共時的研究方法，對比“它”長期以來所作的句法成分以及獨立角色的轉(zhuǎn)換。主要是對現(xiàn)代漢語中“它”表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行分析，得出“它”和先行語之間的一些位置關(guān)系，分析出“它”的話題延續(xù)性的強(qiáng)弱程度，并與名詞形式和零形式的回指作比較，得出三者的話題延續(xù)的強(qiáng)弱程度是：零形式代詞“它”名詞。 第三章是代詞“它”層級結(jié)構(gòu)。本章主要探討“它”在篇章中的層次表現(xiàn)，為了證明其是否具有層次性，我們選取了三個證明方法：信息量的負(fù)載情況、話題延續(xù)性的強(qiáng)弱、在主題句和主題段中表現(xiàn)。并得出“它”與零形式和名詞形式在篇章中是有層次性的，其中名詞居于最高層，代詞次之，零形式在最底層，即名詞形式可以控制代詞“它”和指物的零形式。為了進(jìn)一步證實這一假設(shè)，我們又引入“代詞單位”這一說法，在整個語篇中探析“它”的層次性。 第四章是影響“它”回指的制約因素。本章在選取了調(diào)查語篇，進(jìn)行實際調(diào)查，從而分析出制約“它”回指的一些因素。如句中篇章管界的制約，使“它”能在特定語境中出現(xiàn)，，并有一定的管轄范圍；主題數(shù)量制約，探討了語篇中出現(xiàn)主題的多少也會影響“它”回指的選擇；結(jié)構(gòu)制約中，主要論述了信息焦點制約和修辭結(jié)構(gòu)制約，不同的制約因素會有不同的表現(xiàn)。 第五章是“它”與另外兩個人稱代詞的比較，并在綜合前四章的內(nèi)容基礎(chǔ)上提出“它”回指的確認(rèn)原則。 第六章是結(jié)語。在對“它”進(jìn)行了較全面的分析之后，我們簡略地總結(jié)了本文探討出的一些結(jié)論，并提出在探討過程中留有的疑問，作為本文可以繼續(xù)探索的方向。
[Abstract]:Text linguistics is a new field of linguistics, but also covers a wide field of research, in the text research will involve grammar, pragmatics, cognitive, and different scholars also from these research achievements are outstanding. This paper is based on the text of language learning, the tiny hand - anaphora analysis, here we choose anaphora in discourse referent pronoun "it" as the main object of study, in order to small topic to discuss one aspect of text linguistics. In the study of anaphora in academic predecessors to personal pronouns as the research object, especially in the third person the research on the pronoun "it" does not see more. In a referent pronoun "it" in the study are summarized, also did not form a comprehensive analysis. "It" in the Qing Dynasty as an independent pronoun, use In a different style, has its own unique nature, therefore, on the basis of text linguistics, using some theories of functional linguistics, to explore it. This paper uses the diachronic and synchronic combined, not only briefly discuss the ancient Chinese "it" syntactic representation, more detailed analysis of the modern in Chinese, "it" characteristics, and these characteristics with quantitative and qualitative ways, to describe and explain.
This paper is divided into six chapters, the second, third, the four chapter is the key chapter. The first chapter is the introduction. In this chapter, we introduce some terminology we will use to, and in particular the need to explain in detail. Among them, the most important is to study the situation in the studies on anaphora especially, the research of pronominal anaphora, which makes the research of this paper is clearer.
The second chapter refers to the analysis of the pronoun "it" linear. In this chapter, we use the diachronic and synchronic research method, the conversion between "syntactic" made a long time and independent role. It mainly analyzes the modern Chinese "it", that "the relationship between the position of some it" and antecedent, analysis of "it" degree of topic continuity, and noun anaphora and zero form comparison degree obtains the three topic continuity: zero form noun pronoun "it".
The third chapter is the pronoun "it" hierarchy. This chapter mainly discusses the "it" in the text of the level of performance, in order to prove whether it is hierarchical, we selected three methods to prove: load information, topic continuity degree, reflected in the topic sentences and paragraphs. And that "it" with zero form and the noun in the text are arranged in a hierarchy, the noun is on the top of zero pronouns, form at the bottom, which can control the noun form of the pronoun "Ta" and the zero form. In order to confirm this hypothesis, we also introduced the term "pronoun the unit" level in the whole discourse of "it".
The fourth chapter is the factors restricting "it" refers to the back. This chapter in the investigation of discourse, the actual survey, to analyze the restricting factors of it "refers to the back. As the restricted sentence text binding, so that" it "can appear in a given context, and there is a certain range of jurisdiction Wei; the number of topics discussed in the discourse constraints, the theme will also affect how much" it "refers to the back selection; structural constraints, mainly discusses the constraints of information focus constraints and rhetorical structure, different factors have different performance.
The fifth chapter is the comparison between "it" and the other two personal pronouns, and on the basis of the contents of the first four chapters, it puts forward the affirming principle of "it" anaphora.
The sixth chapter is the conclusion. After a comprehensive analysis of "it", we briefly summarize some conclusions discussed in this paper, and put forward some questions left in the discussion process, which is the direction that this article can continue to explore.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉鴻紳;;篇章語言學(xué)的發(fā)展史及其研究領(lǐng)域(上)[J];國外語言學(xué);1987年03期

2 秦洪武;第三人稱代詞在深層回指中的應(yīng)用分析[J];當(dāng)代語言學(xué);2001年01期

3 劉丹青;漢語中的框式介詞[J];當(dāng)代語言學(xué);2002年04期

4 許余龍;漢語主從句間的回指問題[J];當(dāng)代語言學(xué);2003年02期

5 李榕;;影響代詞回指的因素分析[J];當(dāng)代語言學(xué);2012年02期

6 蔣平;零形回指現(xiàn)象考察[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2004年03期

7 徐赳赳;;關(guān)系小句的語法和篇章特征分析[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2008年05期

8 張迎寶;;對外漢語篇章教學(xué)的研究現(xiàn)狀與存在的問題[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2011年05期

9 王軍;論語言語境對回指的限定作用[J];外語學(xué)刊;2005年05期

10 王軍;;論篇章距離對回指先行語可及性的影響[J];山東外語教學(xué);2006年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳翠珠;漢語人稱代詞考論[D];華中師范大學(xué);2009年

本文編號：1608312