本文關(guān)鍵詞： 傳教士文獻(xiàn) 澳門 香山 廣州 方言史　出處：《北京大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代澳門粵語跟廣州話(同香港粵語)的差異極少,廣州話的語音系統(tǒng)只比澳門粵語多出一個(gè)上聲和一個(gè)聲化韻(η)。從地理位置上看,現(xiàn)代澳門粵語跟與其地域相連接的中山(石岐)粵語、珠�；浾Z相去較遠(yuǎn),卻與距離較遠(yuǎn)、地域不相連的廣州相近,不免讓人產(chǎn)生探究其歷史成因的好奇心。 澳門粵語憑著與廣州話的高度相似,現(xiàn)代各種介紹粵語的著作均會(huì)把澳門粵語歸入廣州作代表的粵語廣府片中。 與澳門毗鄰的珠�；浾Z(唐家灣)日母和疑母細(xì)音字可以帶后鼻音聲母(二ηi、月ηyt2)；沒有u介音(瓜加。ka)；臻、曾、梗攝文讀不分洪細(xì)一般只有一個(gè)元音(?)(真津。tsen、曾精tse(?))；遇合一疑母字混入通攝(誤甕uη)；聲調(diào)只有6個(gè)(試事si、市史si)。這些都是廣州話所不具備的特點(diǎn)。 中山話介于珠海話與廣州話之間,日母和疑母細(xì)音字可帶后鼻聲母(二ηi’)；有u介音,但收字范圍比廣州話要小(瓜。kwa、光。k(?)η)；臻攝字有兩個(gè)主元音((?)、(?)),讀(?)元音的字范圍比廣州話要小(津(?)tson、潤j(?))；曾梗文讀跟廣州話一樣區(qū)分洪細(xì)(曾tsen、精ts(?))；上去聲不分陰陽(試事si’、市史(?)si)。 因中山、珠海的很多特點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)代廣州話里都不具備,于是從《珠江三角洲方言綜述》(1990)開始,有些著作把原屬于廣府片的中山、珠海話獨(dú)立成片,稱為“香山片”。我們不同意香山片與廣府片并立的分區(qū)方法,我們主張把香山片作為廣府片的下一級(jí)來看待,稱為“香山小片”,與香山小片同級(jí)的原廣府片其他地方則稱作“粵海小片”。 翻查歷史上的傳教士文獻(xiàn),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)記錄澳門粵語、中山粵語和廣州話的文獻(xiàn)數(shù)量不少。這些文獻(xiàn)揭示兩百多年來廣州話語音的發(fā)展是自然演變,中山粵語的特色音類逐漸地受廣州話侵蝕,澳門話則從典型的香山小片粵語(接近珠海話)變成近似廣州話的粵語。 本文的任務(wù)是通過對(duì)澳門、中山和廣州三地的歷史文獻(xiàn)的整理,歸納各自語音發(fā)展史。最后總結(jié)、對(duì)比、分析澳門粵語在不同時(shí)期語音變化的成因。本文分六章,各章主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章是前言,陳述澳門的人文概況和現(xiàn)代澳門話的歸屬,說明本文的選題意義以及所使用到的材料、方法。并提出典型香山小片的代表一一珠海唐家灣話。 第二第三章是澳門粵語的現(xiàn)代與過去。前者全面描寫現(xiàn)代澳門話的情況,包含新老派的異同,后面逐一上溯澳門話的歷史文獻(xiàn),最后總結(jié)澳門語音變化軌跡。澳門粵語在19世紀(jì)變化很小,在20世紀(jì)前半段變化較大,20世紀(jì)后半段變化較小。 第四章全面論述澳門的歷史語音和中山、廣州兩地在歷史上的聯(lián)系,分四個(gè)時(shí)期分別比較三地的語音情況。分別是1860、1897、1941、1987四個(gè)時(shí)間段。經(jīng)過層層對(duì)比后發(fā)現(xiàn),1897年到1941年間是澳門粵語從香山型轉(zhuǎn)變成廣州型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。1897年澳門話仍然是典型的香山小片粵語,1941年就已經(jīng)接近廣州粵語了。 第五章對(duì)中山、廣州兩地歷史語音作全面陳述： 首先是闡述中山粵語的現(xiàn)代與過去,先全面描述中山、珠海粵語的現(xiàn)代方言現(xiàn)狀,然后上溯中山話的歷史文獻(xiàn),最后總結(jié)中山粵語的語音變化軌跡�？偟膩碚f香山小片粵語兩百年來的變化較小。與文獻(xiàn)上的香山話對(duì)比,市中心石岐話變化稍大一點(diǎn),而珠海唐家灣等地的語言幾乎沒什么變化。 然后是闡述廣州話的現(xiàn)代與過去,使用《分韻撮要》系列韻書和七種傳教士材料全面歸納、分析廣州話的語音發(fā)展史�？偟膩碚f廣州話基本以自身演變?yōu)橹?極少受外方言的影響。聲母方面主要變化是兩套齒音合并和日母消失,韻母方面主要是高元音裂化。 第六章是闡述澳門語音變化成因。結(jié)合移民、傳媒、歷史等因素分析澳門各時(shí)期的變化的內(nèi)因和外因。
[Abstract]:The modern Macao Cantonese and Guangzhou dialect (Cantonese and Hongkong) were few, the phonetic system of Guangzhou dialect than Cantonese in Macao more than a third and a sound rhyme (ETA). Geographically, modern Macao and its region connected with Cantonese (Zhongshan Shiqi) Zhuhai Cantonese, Cantonese. Far away, but with the geographical distance, with Guangzhou similar, can not help but make people explore the historical causes of curiosity.
Macao Cantonese is highly similar to that of Guangzhou dialect. All the modern works introducing Cantonese will be attributed to the Cantonese Cantonese, which is represented by Guangzhou as a representative of the Macao Cantonese.
Macao and adjacent Zhuhai Cantonese (Tang Jiawan) on the mother and the mother of suspected fine sound words can be after the nasal initials (two I, YT2; no u month) (plus.Ka) medials; Zhen, Zeng, stem photo paper read flood fine only one vowel (?) (Tianjin really.Tsen. Have fine TSE (?)); meeting a suspected mother mixed through perturbation (false urn u ETA); only 6 tones (try Si, the history of the city of Si). These are the features of Guangzhou dialect are not available.
Between the Zhongshan dialect between Zhuhai dialect and Guangzhou dialect, on mother and mother suspected with fine sound words after nasal consonants (two I "); u medials, but the word range is smaller than the Guangzhou dialect (melon.Kwa,.K (?) n); Zhen she word has two main vowels ((?), (?)), read (?) vowel word range is smaller than the Guangzhou dialect (Tianjin (?) TSON, run J (?)); Gengwen had read with Guangzhou dialect as distinguished (formerly Tsen, fine fine Hong TS (?)); Yin and Yang (try not to sound Si," the history of the city (?) Si).
Because Zhongshan, Zhuhai does not have many features in the modern Guangzhou dialect, so from the "Pearl River Delta dialect Survey (1990) >, some of the original copyright belongs to the Cantonese films of Zhongshan, Zhuhai independent films, called" Xiangshan ". We do not agree with the partition method of Xiangshan tablets and Guangdong tablets independent, we advocate the Xiangshan as Cantonese piece next to look at, called" Xiangshan, Xiangshan and small "small pieces of the original Cantonese tablets in other places called" Guangdong small ".
Check the history of missionary literature, we found that the record of Macao Cantonese, the number of Zhongshan Cantonese and Guangzhou dialect. Many of these documents reveal the development of two hundred years of Guangzhou dialect is a natural evolution, the characteristics of Zhongshan Cantonese phonetic gradually by Guangzhou dialect words from erosion, Macao Xiangshan small typical Cantonese (close to Zhuhai words of Guangzhou dialect) into approximate Cantonese.
The task of this paper is to summarize the history of voice development through sorting out the historical documents of three places in Macao, Zhongshan and Guangzhou. Finally, we conclude and compare the causes of voice change in Macao Cantonese at different periods. The paper is divided into six chapters, the main contents of each chapter are as follows:
The first chapter is a preface, presenting the general situation of Macao's humanities and the attribution of modern Macao dialect, explaining the significance of this topic and the materials and methods used, and presenting the representative of Xiangshan small piece, Zhuhai Tangjia Bay dialect.
The third chapter is the second Macao Cantonese in the past and modern. The former describes modern Macao dialect, the similarities and differences between new and old contains the words one by one behind the back Macao historical literature, finally summarizes the Macao speech change trajectory. Macao Cantonese very small changes in nineteenth Century, in the first half of twentieth Century changed greatly, the second half of the twentieth Century little change.
The fourth chapter discusses the history of speech in Macao and Zhongshan, Guangzhou in history, is divided into four periods respectively three. The speech is respectively 1860189719411987 four time. After comparison found that from 1897 to 1941, Macao is changing from Xiangshan type.1897 into Cantonese in Guangzhou during the period of the year key Macao dialect is still a typical piece of Xiangshan Cantonese, 1941 has been close to the Guangzhou Cantonese.
The fifth chapter makes a comprehensive statement on the historical phonetics of Zhongshan and Guangzhou.
The first is that the Zhongshan Cantonese past and modern, the first comprehensive description of Zhongshan dialect in Zhuhai, modern Cantonese, Zhongshan dialect and then traced the history of literature, finally summarizes the phonological change trajectory of Cantonese in Zhongshan. The whole piece of Xiangshan Cantonese two hundred years changed little. Compared with the literature on the Xiangshan, downtown Shi Qi words change a little bigger, while Zhuhai Tangjiawan, hardly what language changes.
And then explains the past and modern Guangzhou dialect, use the < > series of books of branch summary and seven kinds of missionary material comprehensively summarized, analyzed the development history of Guangzhou dialect speech. Generally speaking Guangzhou dialect with its basic evolution, are rarely influenced by external dialects. Major changes are two sets of dental consonants merged and rimu disappear, vowel is mainly high vowel cracking.
The sixth chapter is to explain the causes of the phonetic changes in Macao and to analyze the internal and external causes of the changes in various periods of Macao, combining with the factors of immigration, media and history.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H178

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 李榮;;關(guān)于方言研究的幾點(diǎn)意見[J];方言;1983年01期

2 熊正輝;廣東方言的分區(qū)[J];方言;1987年03期

3 伍巍;詹伯慧;;廣東省的漢語方言[J];方言;2008年02期

4 羅偉豪;;評(píng)黃錫凌《粵音韻匯》兼論廣州話標(biāo)準(zhǔn)音[J];廣州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2008年11期

5 彭小川;粵語韻書《分韻撮要》及其韻母系統(tǒng)[J];暨南學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué));1992年04期

6 馬敏;馬希曼、拉沙與早期的《圣經(jīng)》中譯[J];歷史研究;1998年04期

7 項(xiàng)夢(mèng)冰;;客家話古日母字的今讀——兼論切韻日母的音值及北方方言日母的音變歷程[J];廣西師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2006年01期

8 李新魁;;數(shù)百年來粵方言韻母的發(fā)展[J];學(xué)術(shù)研究;1990年04期

9 趙彤;;《分韻撮要》的聲母問題[J];語文研究;2007年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 蔡燕華;中山粵方言的地理語言學(xué)研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2006年

2 吳筱穎;廣州粵語語音研究[D];暨南大學(xué);2012年

3 郭淑華;澳門水上居民話調(diào)查報(bào)告[D];暨南大學(xué);2002年

，

本文編號(hào)：1546119