本文選題：批評的概念 + 文學(xué)研究�。� 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2004年碩士論文

【摘要】：論文旨在對雷內(nèi)·韋勒克的文學(xué)批評思想做系統(tǒng)性的探討。20 世紀(jì)西方文論批評多元化語境,新批評派的“以文本為中心”的理論核心確定并日臻完善的背景,現(xiàn)代主義文學(xué)創(chuàng)作表現(xiàn)出的“向內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)”以及形式至上的創(chuàng)作實(shí)踐,為韋勒克批評理論的產(chǎn)生提供了良好的環(huán)境和適當(dāng)?shù)臅r機(jī)。同時也造就了其批評觀的辨證性、包容性以及強(qiáng)烈理論意識等特性。 “批評的概念”是韋勒克批評理論的核心和邏輯起點(diǎn)。因?yàn)樗回炛鲝埜拍畹某吻搴蜏?zhǔn)確的定位是所有理論科學(xué)不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步的前提和基礎(chǔ)。他的批評理論,首先要解決的就是“文學(xué)批評”的概念問題。他界定的“文學(xué)批評”概念,從狹義上而言是指通過“閱讀”和“鑒賞”而得到的評價性的理解和感悟;從廣義上而言是指系統(tǒng)化、理論化的科學(xué),從某種意義上說就是指文學(xué)理論或文學(xué)研究,是對于文學(xué)的一切構(gòu)成因素而形成一套客觀、真實(shí)、完整的理論構(gòu)架。在界定了概念之后,還應(yīng)當(dāng)將批評放在整個文學(xué)研究的視域中來確定它的地位。韋勒克分別指出了文學(xué)理論、文學(xué)批評及文學(xué)史的特點(diǎn)及功能,三者之間密切聯(lián)系構(gòu)成了文學(xué)研究的三大板塊。文學(xué)批評一方面聯(lián)系著文學(xué)創(chuàng)作,另一方面又聯(lián)系著文學(xué)原理,以文學(xué)史知識為背景,在文學(xué)研究活動中發(fā)揮著重要作用。 韋勒克的批評理論構(gòu)架包括方法論、對象論、主體論及批評實(shí)踐等幾大部分�！巴敢曋髁x”方法是一種整體、辯證、深刻的文學(xué)研究方法,是他批評理論的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和對待一切文學(xué)問題的獨(dú)特視角。批評的對象主要設(shè)置在作品文本之中,他主張的文學(xué)批評是立足于文本的“內(nèi)部規(guī)律”研究;他并未反對“外部研究”,指出它們對文學(xué)批評有輔助和參照作用。文學(xué)批評的主體論是他通過對西方四大批評家——克羅齊、瓦勒里、盧卡契、英格爾登——的研究中總結(jié)出來的。韋勒克指明了批評家在文學(xué)活動中舉足輕重的作用以及應(yīng)具備的素養(yǎng)。韋勒克除了在理論上研究“文學(xué)批評”外,還通過具體的批評實(shí)踐來驗(yàn)證并完善自己的理論體系,其中最有代表性的是對浪漫主義和新批評的批評。 韋勒克的批評理論對西方20 世紀(jì)后半期的批評流派的發(fā)展以及批評家們的觀點(diǎn)有重要的影響。同時,他在《文學(xué)理論》一書中將文學(xué)研究劃分為“內(nèi)部”和“外部”的觀點(diǎn)對中國新時期出現(xiàn)的文學(xué)及文學(xué)研究“向內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)”的傾向有促進(jìn)作用;但他的觀點(diǎn)在漢語語境下還是發(fā)生了變異,中國文學(xué)界的這場“轉(zhuǎn)向”有自身的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn)。但可以肯定的是,韋勒克的批評理論思想對當(dāng)代中國文學(xué)批評的發(fā)展有深刻的啟發(fā)意義和借鑒價值。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to make a systematic study of Rene Willerk's literary criticism thoughts. The background of the "text-centered" theory core of the New criticism School is to establish and improve the context of the 20th century western literary criticism. The "inward turn" of modernist literary creation and the practice of formalism provide a good environment and an appropriate opportunity for the emergence of Willerk's critical theory. At the same time, it also creates the dialectical, inclusive and strong theoretical consciousness of his criticism. The concept of criticism is the core and logical starting point of Willerk's criticism theory. Because he has always maintained that the clarification of concepts and accurate positioning is the premise and foundation of the continuous development and progress of all theoretical science. His theory of criticism must first solve the concept of literary criticism. In a narrow sense, the concept of "literary criticism", defined by him, refers to the evaluative understanding and perception obtained through "reading" and "appreciation", and in a broad sense, to systematized and theorized science. In a sense, it refers to literary theory or literary research, which forms a set of objective, true and complete theoretical framework for all the constituent factors of literature. After defining the concept, criticism should be placed in the perspective of the whole literary study to determine its status. Willerk points out the characteristics and functions of literary theory, literary criticism and literary history. On the one hand, literary criticism is related to literary creation, on the other hand, it is related to literary principles. It plays an important role in literary research activities with the knowledge of literary history as the background. The framework of Weller's criticism theory includes methodology, object theory, subject theory and criticism practice. The method of "perspective doctrine" is a whole, dialectical and profound literary research method, which is the starting point of his critical theory and a unique angle of view to deal with all literary problems. The object of criticism is mainly set in the text of the work. His literary criticism is based on the study of the "internal law" of the text, and he does not oppose the "external study", pointing out that they are auxiliary and referential to the literary criticism. The subject theory of literary criticism is summed up by his research on the four major western critics, Croce, Valeri, Lucacci and Ingerden. Willerk pointed out the critical role of critics in literary activities and the qualities they should possess. In addition to studying "literary criticism" in theory, Willerk also verifies and perfects his theoretical system through concrete criticism practice, among which the most representative is the criticism of romanticism and new criticism. Willerk's theory of criticism has an important influence on the development of western criticism schools in the second half of the 20th century and the views of critics. At the same time, his view that literary studies are divided into "internal" and "external" in his book Literary Theory promotes the tendency of literature and literary research to turn inward in the new period of China. However, his point of view has changed in Chinese context, and the "turn" of Chinese literary circles has its own laws and characteristics. But it is certain that Weller's theory of criticism has profound enlightening significance and reference value to the development of contemporary Chinese literary criticism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：I06

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 潘高峰;捍衛(wèi)文學(xué)性—內(nèi)部研究論[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2011年

2 唐玲;錢鐘書與英美新批評[D];湖南師范大學(xué);2007年

3 劉思男;新批評派美學(xué)批評方法研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2009年

4 徐晶;論雷納·韋勒克的文學(xué)本體觀[D];湘潭大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1909631