本文選題：哲理詩　切入點：表達方法　出處：《西北大學》2002年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 中國是一個詩歌的國度。詩歌的歷史源遠流長，詩歌也在社會生活中扮演著重要的角色。早在數(shù)千年前，孔子就說過：“不學詩，無以言�！庇纱丝梢娭袊藢υ姼璧溺姁奂爸匾暢潭取Ｖ腥A民族又是一個善于思考的民族，她用什么將智慧的火花、思想的種子流傳給后世呢?用蒼白的說教來詮釋晦澀的理論決不是上策。中國古典哲理詩便兼容了詩歌這種文學形式所獨有的形美、意雅、音諧以及哲學思想的深邃與樸實。既是文化的沉淀，又是思想的結(jié)晶，即使用“字字珠璣”來形容也絲毫不為過。三千年來，凡能經(jīng)受住歲月考驗的哲理詩，十之八九淡而雅。它們以淺顯的形象、平白的語言將豐富而又深刻的人生哲理表達出來，啟迪教育著一代代的讀者，潛移默化到了了無痕跡的程度。 本文的第一章首先介紹了在中國社會、文化歷史上舉足輕重且不相伯仲的兩種哲學思潮：儒家及道家學說。在漫長的封建社會里，儒家思想一直被尊為正統(tǒng)，其思索倡導的“仁”學也為后世尊崇與效仿；與此同時，以“修德”為中心的道家學說也在中國社會歷史上占據(jù)了不容忽視的地位。在這兩種幾乎是并駕齊驅(qū)的主要思想的熏陶與影響下，中國的知識分子逐漸形成了“外儒內(nèi)道”的獨特哲學觀，，這一觀點在詩歌中得到了最為集中和藝術(shù)的表現(xiàn)。 作為一種非常個性化的文學產(chǎn)品，哲理詩有著自己的規(guī)律。在第二章里，文章根據(jù)主題對暫理詩展開分析，認為此類詩歌或因景而發(fā)、或因事而起，無不表達了詩人對自然規(guī)律、人生理想以及美好愛情的理解與追求。雖然種類各異，然抒情寓意，各得其所。 第三章是對哲理詩表情達意的手法的綜合分析。為了表達樸實、凝重的哲理，詩人自覺不自覺地使用了以下幾種方法：平鋪直敘、比喻(明喻或暗喻)、擬人或擬物、使用典故和文字游戲。 詩歌翻譯對譯者來說一直是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)與誘惑。哲理詩的翻譯尤其如此。本文的第四章針對其可譯性進行了論證，認為中國古典哲理詩之所以可譯，是因為它們與其他語言文化之間存在著：主題同一性、思維模式同一性、語法差異規(guī)律性、文化滲透以及哲學滲透又給哲理詩的翻譯這一語言行為提供了更為廣闊的空間。 在第五章，本文結(jié)合當代文學及詩歌翻譯理論，尤其是詩歌翻譯的實踐，指出了中國古典哲理詩的翻譯常用方法。在尊重原文、理解原文哲學寓意及其表達手段的前提下，譯者必須充分考慮譯入語的文化及哲學思潮之后，靈活采用以下行之有效的翻譯方法：直譯法；調(diào)整法；融合法；直譯加注釋法。 分析論證之后，本文的結(jié)論水到渠成：第六章中，作者指出了哲理詩的翻譯必須遵循的“信、達、切”的標準。哲理詩以其獨特的魅力吸引著譯者，也為他們提出了極高的要求：在翻譯的過程中，譯者必須有足夠的敏感度去捕捉哲理詩的“精髓”，把這些“種子”以恰當?shù)姆绞揭圃缘疆愑虻奈幕罢軐W土壤中去，讓它們在異國讀者的呼吸中重新獲得生命與活力。
[Abstract]:Chinese is a nation of poetry. The long history of poetry, poetry in social life plays an important role. As early as thousands of years ago, Confucius said: "no poem, no words." love and attention to poetry Chinese. Thus the Chinese nation has a good at thinking the nation, she will use what sparks of wisdom, the seeds of thought spread to later generations? With pale preaching to the interpretation of the obscure theory is not the best. China is compatible with the classical philosophy poetry form, unique poetry of this literary form the sense, and the harmonic sound philosophy is deep and simple. The deposit of culture, is the crystallization of ideas, the use of "every phrase a gem" to describe is an understatement. In three thousand years, who can withstand the test of time philosophical poems, nine in ten fresh and elegant. They use simple image, plain language will be rich And the profound philosophy of life is expressed, enlightening the readers of the generation from generation to generation, and imperceptibly to the degree of no trace.
In the first chapter, first introduced in the Chinese society, two kinds of philosophy history and comparable: Confucianism and Taoism. In the long feudal society, Confucianism has been revered as the orthodox, the thought advocated "benevolence" for future generations to respect and follow; at the same time, "Virtue" as the center of Taoism also occupy a position not to be ignored in the China social history. The two is almost the edification and influence of the main idea of the China racing together bridle to bridle, the intellectuals gradually formed a "unique Confucian philosophy" concept, in the view of poetry has been the most concentrated and the art of performance.
As a very personalized product literature, philosophical poetry has its own rules. In the second chapter, according to the theme analysis of the temporary management of that kind of poetry, poetry or for king, or for things, all expressed the poet of nature, the ideal of life and beauty of love and understanding although the different pursuit. However, the lyric meaning, play their proper role.
The third chapter is the comprehensive analysis of the philosophical poetry expression technique. In order to express simple, dignified philosophy, poets consciously use the following methods: descriptive, figurative (simile or metaphor), personification, allusion and word games.
Poetry translation for the translator has been a huge challenge and temptation. Especially philosophical poetry translation. The fourth chapter in view of its translatability is demonstrated, that China classical philosophy poetry is translatable, because between them and other language culture exist: the theme of the same sex, the same mode of thinking one of the differences of grammar, culture and philosophical infiltration of poetry translation of this linguistic behavior provides a wider space.
In the fifth chapter, based on the contemporary literature and poetry translation theory, especially the practice of poetry translation, translation methods pointed out China classical philosophical poems. In respect of original understanding of the original meaning of philosophy and expression means under the premise, the translator must fully consider the cultural and philosophical thoughts of target language, flexible using the following effective the translation methods: literal translation; adjustment method; fusion method; literal translation plus annotation method.
After analysis, the conclusion of this paper follow: in the sixth chapter, the author points out that philosophical poetry translation must follow the "letter of" standard. Philosophical poetry with its unique charm of the translator, but also puts forward a high demand for them in the process of translation, the translator must have enough the sensitivity to capture the philosophical poems "essence" the "seed" in the proper way of cultural and philosophical soil transplanting to exotic to give them back to life and vitality in the reader's breath.

【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：I046

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本文編號：1614850