本文選題：目的論　切入點：魯迅　出處：《湖南師范大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：魯迅作為中國翻譯史上偉大的理論家和實踐者,翻譯史上最無畏的先行者,對他的翻譯研究具有十分深遠的意義。 兒童文學翻譯在魯迅的翻譯作品中占有較大比重。魯迅翻譯兒童文學的目的,其一是他一貫憂國憂民的心態(tài),不僅想要改變成人的國民性,而且對兒童的教育也寄予厚望。他希望有啟蒙性創(chuàng)造性的文學作品給兒童閱讀。其二是鑒于國內兒童文學作品的現(xiàn)狀,沒有合適的作品,所以只有翻譯外國的作品,借此拋磚引玉。在翻譯作品的選擇上,魯迅沒有隨當時兒童文學翻譯的主流—翻譯歐美強國名作家的作品,而選擇了弱國文學,而且是曾經強大而后衰落的國家文學,用強國的衰落來啟發(fā)人民,以此激勵本國人民自強自立。正是由于魯迅翻譯作品選擇的強目的性,后人把他的翻譯作品譽為“成人的童話”。 在翻譯策略上,魯迅舍棄了初涉譯壇的歸化譯法,選擇了當時眾人排斥的直譯。雖然直譯是魯迅一貫堅持的策略,但是在面對具體情況的時候,魯迅有點身不由已。尤其是兒童文學,在作品對比研究中,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)魯迅運用了直譯意譯相結合的方法,為的是讓兒童更好的理解。在語言運用方面,白話文翻譯已是當時的趨勢,魯迅也是極力推廣,身體力行。但是在翻譯中,我們還是看到了文言文的影子,文言用詞,文言句式。魯迅雖受時代所限,但是功不可沒。 本文理論選擇的是功能主義目的論。任何翻譯都有其目的性,魯迅尤甚之。從兒童文學翻譯觀,到文本選擇再到翻譯策略翻譯方法,無不體現(xiàn)其良苦用心。目的論包括三個原則：目的原則,連貫原則,忠實原則。魯迅文本選擇體現(xiàn)的是其目的原則,在實際翻譯中,他既有意譯,為實現(xiàn)語內連貫,又有直譯,為實現(xiàn)語際連貫,也就是忠實原則。 本文正文分三章。第一章概述目的論,從其三個原則闡述目的論的基本思想。第二章主要談魯迅翻譯觀。從其總體翻譯觀的變化,到兒童文學翻譯觀。第三章從魯迅的具體選材到翻譯策略再到具體的翻譯方法,具體分析其兒童文學翻譯。最后得出結論,魯迅的整個兒童文學翻譯過程,目的論都貫穿始終,為此他靈活運用了直譯意譯二者結合的策略,又保持了對原文的忠實。這對現(xiàn)在仍具有重要借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun, as a great theorist and practitioner in the history of Chinese translation, and the most fearless forerunner in the history of translation, is of great significance to his translation studies. The translation of children's literature occupies a large proportion in Lu Xun's translation works. One of the purposes of the translation of children's literature by Lu Xun is that he has always been worried about the country and the people, and not only wants to change the national character of adults. In addition, he has high hopes for children's education. He hopes to have enlightening and creative literary works for children to read. Second, in view of the current situation of children's literary works in China and the absence of suitable works, he only has to translate works from foreign countries. In the choice of translation works, Lu Xun did not follow the mainstream translation of children's literature at that time-translation of the works of famous writers in Europe and the United States, but chose the literature of weak countries, which was once strong and then declined. It is precisely because of the strong purpose of Lu Xun's choice of translation works that his translation works are called "adult fairy tales". In terms of translation strategy, Lu Xun abandoned the naturalized translation method of the new translation circle and chose the literal translation that was rejected by many people at that time. Although literal translation is always a strategy that Lu Xun has always insisted on, but in the face of specific circumstances, Lu Xun has a bit of a problem. Especially in children's literature, in the comparative study of his works, the author finds that Lu Xun uses the method of combining literal translation and free translation in order to make the children better understand. In the aspect of language use, The translation of vernacular Chinese has been the trend of that time, and Lu Xun has tried his best to promote and practice it. But in translation, we still see the shadow of classical Chinese, the words of classical Chinese, the sentence pattern of classical Chinese. Lu Xun is limited by the times, but his contribution can't be ignored. This thesis chooses functionalist Skopos Theory. Any translation, especially Lu Xun, has its own purpose. From the translation view of children's literature to the choice of text to the translation strategy translation method, Skopos theory includes three principles: Skopos principle, coherence principle and faithfulness principle. Lu Xun's text choice embodies his Skopos principle. In practical translation, he not only has free translation, but also has literal translation in order to achieve intra-lingual coherence. In order to achieve interlingual coherence, that is, the principle of faithfulness. The text is divided into three chapters. Chapter one summarizes Skopos theory and expounds the basic ideas of Skopos theory from its three principles. The second chapter mainly discusses Lu Xun's translation view and the change of his overall translation view. From Lu Xun's specific material selection to translation strategies to specific translation methods, the third chapter analyzes the translation of children's literature in detail. Finally, the author draws a conclusion that the Skopos theory runs through the whole process of the children's literature translation of Lu Xun. For this reason, he uses the strategy of combining literal translation and free translation flexibly, and maintains his faithfulness to the original text, which is still of great significance for reference.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：H059;I046

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