【摘要】：衛(wèi)西琴(1882 ?),又名衛(wèi)中,英文名字是Alfred Westharp,美籍德國人。二十世紀(jì)初來到中國,進(jìn)行教育試驗(yàn)與文化試驗(yàn),提出了自己的哲學(xué)心理觀、文化觀、教育觀。筆者在此基礎(chǔ)上總結(jié)出衛(wèi)西琴的音樂哲學(xué)心理觀、音樂審美觀、音樂教育觀。研究方法是文獻(xiàn)學(xué)、美學(xué)思辨及教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)等方法的綜合運(yùn)用。音樂哲學(xué)心理觀——音樂是離“精神”最近的高級(jí)感官活動(dòng)、是“精神力量”的最高創(chuàng)造與發(fā)明;音樂審美觀——東方音樂是基于心理與意識(shí)的音樂、是表達(dá)意愿與自然的音樂、是反映感覺邏輯與哲學(xué)的音樂;而西方音樂是基于聲學(xué)與生理的音樂。筆者根據(jù)衛(wèi)西琴對(duì)東西方音樂的理解,依據(jù)中西文化傳統(tǒng)的差異分析了中西音樂功能、審美與形式的差異。音樂教育觀——廢除音樂中阻礙精神表示的因素,提倡“動(dòng)的音樂”(科學(xué)音樂)。衛(wèi)西琴還強(qiáng)調(diào)了音樂與道德的關(guān)系。文章的研究突出兩方面的價(jià)值,一是近現(xiàn)代音樂史的價(jià)值,二是中國音樂美學(xué)史的價(jià)值及音樂美學(xué)理論的意義。衛(wèi)西琴作為德國人,對(duì)中國音樂——追求生活的安樂與生命的體悟極其仰慕。按筆者理解,二十世紀(jì)初以德國為中心展開的兩次世界大戰(zhàn),導(dǎo)致人的精神無處安放,衛(wèi)西琴選擇東方音樂,是尋求一種生活的安樂與生命的體悟。
[Abstract]:Wei Xiqin (1882?), also known in Chinese, the English name is Alfred Westharp, American German. At the beginning of the 20th century, I came to China to carry out educational and cultural experiments, and put forward my philosophical outlook on psychology, culture and education. On this basis, the author summarizes Wei Xiqin's view of philosophy of music, aesthetic view of music, and view of music education. The research method is the comprehensive application of philology, aesthetic thinking and pedagogy, psychology and so on. Philosophy of Music Psychology-Music is the closest high-level sensory activity to "spirit", and it is the highest creation and invention of "spiritual power"; Music aesthetics-Oriental music is music based on psychology and consciousness, music expressing will and nature, music reflecting sense logic and philosophy, while western music is music based on acoustics and physiology. According to Wei Xiqin's understanding of eastern and western music and the differences between Chinese and western cultural traditions, the author analyzes the differences in the function, aesthetics and form of Chinese and western music. Music Education-abolishing the factors that hinder the expression of spirit in music and advocating "moving music" (scientific music). Wei Xiqin also emphasized the relationship between music and morality. The study of this article highlights two aspects of value, one is the value of modern music history, the other is the value of the history of Chinese music aesthetics and the significance of music aesthetics theory. As a German, Wei Xiqin admires Chinese music-the pursuit of life's happiness and life's understanding. According to the author's understanding, the two world wars, centered on Germany in the early 20th century, led to nowhere for human spirit to be settled, and the choice of Oriental music by Wei Xiqin was to seek a kind of life's happiness and life's understanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安音樂學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J601

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