【摘要】： 茂腔是流行在山東青島、膠州、高密、諸城、安丘、五蓮、莒縣一帶的一個地方戲曲劇種,因發(fā)展過程中有旦角唱腔下句尾音翻高八度的唱法即“打冒”而得名。2006年,茂腔被列入國家首批非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn),突顯了其藝術(shù)和傳承價值。然而,在社會娛樂文化多元化的沖擊下,近些年來茂腔的發(fā)展并不景氣,前景令人堪憂。在此背景下,本文旨在深入研究其藝術(shù)特點,探討其發(fā)展趨勢和出路,以為其傳承和發(fā)展盡綿薄之力。 在借鑒前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,本文通過查閱史料、實地采風(fēng)、唱段分析、對比研究等方法,從聲腔類屬、唱腔音樂以及語言、劇目、表演等方面,對茂腔的藝術(shù)特點作了深入、具體的分析。從聲腔淵源看,茂腔天生就固有鮮明的地方性和民間性特征,由此決定了其簡約質(zhì)樸的唱腔風(fēng)格和通俗簡潔的表演形式,這是茂腔作為一個地方劇種最根本的屬性。同時,它又具有相對開放、兼容并蓄、日漸豐富的藝術(shù)內(nèi)涵,從而使其能得以持續(xù)發(fā)展和完善。在長期的藝術(shù)實踐中,茂腔通過不斷的繼承、借鑒和創(chuàng)新,逐漸具備了較為完善的板式體系,形成了簡約質(zhì)樸、婉轉(zhuǎn)悠揚的獨特唱腔風(fēng)格。它尤以女腔發(fā)達(dá),特別長于表現(xiàn)悲傷情緒,具有很強(qiáng)的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)力和感染力。大量使用方言俗語、全部使用本嗓、說唱結(jié)合、巧妙運用襯字襯詞等一系列演唱方法,進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化了茂腔的鄉(xiāng)土氣息和地方特色。茂腔的語言生動豐富,具有直抒民意的特點,劇目題材貼近生活,側(cè)重反映勞動人民的思想感情,表演形式靈活自由,較少修飾,這些特點更使其深受群眾喜愛。 通過以上分析,本文歸納總結(jié)了茂腔傳承發(fā)展的價值和意義,即:它承載著深厚的歷史文化積淀,是重要的地方文化遺產(chǎn);它具有獨特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格,有較強(qiáng)的藝術(shù)和學(xué)術(shù)研究價值;它是地方農(nóng)村文化建設(shè)的重要組成部分,對豐富廣大群眾精神和文化生活起著難以替代的作用;它具有積極的教化作用,對促進(jìn)農(nóng)村社會全面健康發(fā)展具有重要的實用價值。最后,針對茂腔目前面臨的突出問題,結(jié)合本文對茂腔藝術(shù)特點的認(rèn)識,提出了促進(jìn)茂腔傳承發(fā)展的措施建議,主要包括:在目標(biāo)定位上,要努力使茂腔重新回歸民間,保持“活化”狀態(tài);就劇種本身而言,要大力推進(jìn)劇目、唱腔和表演形式的創(chuàng)新;在傳承手段上,應(yīng)著力培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)的演員隊伍;在外部環(huán)境方面,應(yīng)突出政府的主導(dǎo)地位,切實加大引導(dǎo)和扶持力度等。 總體來看,本文對茂腔這一地方戲曲劇種作了比較深入、系統(tǒng)的分析和挖掘,具有一定的開創(chuàng)性。對于更好地對茂腔進(jìn)行傳承發(fā)展,使這一寶貴文化遺產(chǎn)重新煥發(fā)活力,本文也具有較強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實應(yīng)用價值。
[Abstract]:Maoxiang is a kind of local opera that is popular in Qingdao, Shandong, Jiaozhou, Gaomi, Zhucheng, Anqiu, Wulian and Ju County. It was named after "dabou" in the process of development. Maocai was included in the country's first intangible cultural heritage, highlighting its art and heritage value. However, under the impact of the diversity of social entertainment culture, the development of Maoxiang in recent years is not prosperous, the prospects are worrying. In this context, this paper aims to study its artistic characteristics, explore its development trend and way out, for its inheritance and development as a modest force. On the basis of the previous research results, this paper, by consulting historical data, collecting wind in the field, analyzing and contrasting with other methods, from the aspects of vocality category, singing music, language, repertoire, performance, etc. The artistic characteristics of Maoxiang are analyzed in depth and concretely. From the perspective of the origin of the vocal cavity, Maoxiang was born with distinct local and folk characteristics, which determined its simple and simple singing style and simple performance form, which is the most fundamental attribute of Maoxiang as a local drama. At the same time, it has a relatively open, inclusive, increasingly rich artistic connotation, so that it can continue to develop and improve. In the long-term art practice, Maocao through continuous inheritance, reference and innovation, gradually have a more perfect board system, forming a simple, melodious unique singing style. It is especially female, especially good at expressing sadness, with strong artistic expression and appeal. A series of singing methods, such as extensive use of dialects, full use of this voice, combination of rap and singing, and skillful use of lined words, have further strengthened the local flavor and local characteristics of Maocao. The language of Maocao is vivid and rich, with the characteristics of expressing public opinion directly, the theme of play is close to life, focusing on reflecting the thoughts and feelings of the working people, performing forms are flexible and free, and less modification, these characteristics make it more popular among the masses. Through the above analysis, this paper sums up the value and significance of Maocai inheritance and development, that is: it bears a profound historical and cultural accumulation, is an important local cultural heritage; It is an important part of the local rural cultural construction and plays an irreplaceable role in enriching the spirit and cultural life of the masses. It has positive enlightenment function and has important practical value to promote the overall and healthy development of rural society. Finally, in view of the outstanding problems faced by Maocai at present, combined with the understanding of the art characteristics of Maoxiang in this paper, the author puts forward some measures to promote the inheritance and development of Maoxiang, including: in terms of target orientation, it is necessary to make efforts to return Maoca to the people. Maintain an "active" state; As far as the drama itself is concerned, it is necessary to vigorously promote the innovation of the repertoire, singing and performing forms, and to cultivate the high quality actors and actresses in the means of inheritance. In the aspect of external environment, we should stress the leading position of the government and strengthen the guidance and support. As a whole, this paper makes a deep and systematic analysis and excavation of Maoxiao, a kind of local opera, and has a certain pioneering. This paper also has a strong practical application value for better inheritance and development of Maocai and rejuvenation of this precious cultural heritage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：J825

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 楊昭;鄧琬璐;;山東地方戲茂腔的探究[J];大舞臺;2012年08期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 代凌枝;非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)旅游開發(fā)研究[D];曲阜師范大學(xué);2011年

2 古全敏;山東五蓮茂腔調(diào)查研究[D];新疆師范大學(xué);2011年

3 王欣欣;山東諸城茂腔之研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2010年

4 榮飛;論五音戲的藝術(shù)特征及傳承與發(fā)展[D];上海音樂學(xué)院;2010年

5 程美艷;曾金鳳唱腔藝術(shù)特征研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2320439