【摘要】：諾貝爾文學獎獲獎者約翰·麥克斯韋爾·庫切（John Maxwell Coetzee,1940-）一生流離。大學畢業(yè)之后，他前往英國謀生，之后又在美國攻讀語言學博士學位。留美永久居留申請被拒之后，無奈返回南非，最終移居澳大利亞，獲得澳州國籍。庫切的移民經歷開闊了視野，豐富了生活，同時也使其具有了混雜的文化身份，也正是這獨特的文化身份使他深深地體會到“邊緣人”的艱辛與無奈。庫切移居澳大利亞三年之后，于2005年出版了小說《慢人》。在這部小說中，，庫切將視線從南非轉移到澳大利亞，用細膩的筆觸描寫了移民所處的邊緣地位，以及移民為了克服困難、適應并融入當?shù)厣鐣龀龅牟恍概Α?本文首先歸納了庫切在《慢人》中展示出來的“邊緣人”困境。移民群體在新的土地上表現(xiàn)出許多“格格不入”，新獲得的文化身份具有不確定性，而個體之間的疏離和群體之間的沖突又加劇了“邊緣人”的這種無奈處境。 接著詳細分析了“邊緣人”形成的原因。本文認為，“邊緣人”很大一部分是由于移民群體與故國文化之間聯(lián)系斷裂，同時又很難迅速接納當?shù)匚幕斐傻�。此外，主流社會對移民群體的無形壓迫使得移民在受教育、就業(yè)等方面受到種種限制。而其他與移民相關的問題，如跨國婚姻的失敗等也是造成“邊緣人”處境的一大誘因。 通過對邊緣人努力融入主流社會的探尋，本文發(fā)現(xiàn)，為了實現(xiàn)和諧共存的目的，邊緣人必須處理好故國文化與新文化的關系，在不丟失自我的情況下減小與主流社會的差異。在這一過程中，群體之間的相互理解與幫助發(fā)揮了很大作用。通過對移民歷史與文化的追尋和保存，移民可以在精神和情感方面找到歸屬。 庫切將自身經歷投射到《慢人》的主人公身上，使小說成為對生活的提煉和反思。作為“邊緣人”的代言人，庫切在小說中塑造了一群不畏困難、自尊自強、努力適應、不懈努力的“邊緣人”形象，表達了他對處于邊緣地位弱勢群體的深切關注和同情，同時也傳達出對這一群“邊緣人”的贊許與尊重。
[Abstract]:John Maxwell Kutcher, the Nobel Prize winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature (John Maxwell Kutcher), lived his life in exile. After graduating from college, he went to England to earn a living and then studied for a Ph. D. in linguistics in the United States. After refusing to apply for permanent residence in the United States, he returned to South Africa and eventually emigrated to Australia to acquire Australian citizenship. Kuche's immigration experience broadened his vision, enriched his life, and at the same time made him have a mixed cultural identity. It is this unique cultural identity that makes him deeply experience the hardship and helplessness of "marginal people". Three years after moving to Australia, Kuche published his novel, the slow Man, in 2005. In the novel, Kuche shifts his eyes from South Africa to Australia, describing the marginalization of migrants and their tireless efforts to overcome difficulties and adapt and integrate into the local community. This paper first sums up Kuche's dilemma of "marginal Man" in the slow Man. Immigrant groups show a lot of "out of line" in the new land, the newly acquired cultural identity is uncertain, and the alienation between individuals and the conflict between groups aggravate the helplessness of "marginal people". Then it analyzes the reasons for the formation of "marginal people" in detail. This paper argues that a large part of the "marginal people" is caused by the break-up of the relationship between the immigrant group and the native culture, and at the same time, it is difficult to accept the local culture quickly. In addition, the invisible oppression of immigrant groups in mainstream society has restricted immigrants' access to education, employment and so on. Other immigration-related problems, such as the failure of cross-border marriages, are also a big incentive for marginalized people. Through exploring the marginal people's efforts to integrate into the mainstream society, this paper finds that, in order to achieve the goal of harmonious coexistence, the marginal people must deal with the relationship between the native culture and the new culture well, and reduce the difference with the mainstream society without losing their self. In this process, the mutual understanding and help between groups play a great role. Through the pursuit and preservation of immigration history and culture, immigrants can find their place in spirit and emotion. Kuche projected his own experiences into the protagonists of the slow Man, making the novel a refinement and reflection of life. As the spokesman of "marginal Man", Kuche portrays a group of "marginal people" who are not afraid of difficulties, self-esteem, self-improvement, adaptation and tireless efforts, and express his deep concern and sympathy for the disadvantaged groups in the marginal position. At the same time, it also conveys approval and respect for this group of "marginal people".
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I470.74

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