運(yùn)用“二元對(duì)立”原則解讀《大師與瑪格麗特》
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-17 08:43
【摘要】：“二元對(duì)立”原則是著名語(yǔ)言學(xué)家索緒爾創(chuàng)立結(jié)構(gòu)主義語(yǔ)言學(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ)。作為結(jié)構(gòu)主義語(yǔ)言學(xué)的文本分析方法，二元對(duì)立分析法廣泛存在于中外文學(xué)著作中，它成為一種切實(shí)可行的文本分析方法。我們對(duì)體現(xiàn)二元對(duì)立內(nèi)涵的文學(xué)作品進(jìn)行研究時(shí)，二元對(duì)立分析法無(wú)疑有助于我們能更全面、更深入地去發(fā)掘作品的內(nèi)涵和藝術(shù)精髓。 《大師與瑪格麗特》的作者布爾加科夫是19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初偉大的俄羅斯作家，閱讀這位作家的作品會(huì)讓我們的靈魂受到強(qiáng)烈的震撼。《大師與瑪格麗特》是他歷經(jīng)12年創(chuàng)作的作品，這部小說(shuō)也是20世紀(jì)一部影響頗深的作品。小說(shuō)中現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)空、歷史時(shí)空、虛幻時(shí)空交叉出現(xiàn)，，作者用超現(xiàn)實(shí)的手法和極其細(xì)膩的心理描寫(xiě)方法刻畫(huà)了一幕幕怪誕的、富于哲學(xué)韻味的故事情節(jié)。盡管《大師與瑪格麗特》被很多學(xué)者認(rèn)定為是一部魔幻性質(zhì)的小說(shuō)，但從其內(nèi)容、人物形象分析和寫(xiě)作目的來(lái)看，它都是一部十分完美的含有宗教情節(jié)的小說(shuō)，特別是在對(duì)耶穌信仰問(wèn)題的思考上，對(duì)生與死、善與惡的詮釋上。 本文以《大師與瑪格麗特》這部作品作為研究對(duì)象，采用二元對(duì)立的方法，選取小說(shuō)中幾組對(duì)立元素，探討該部文學(xué)作品中人物形象和情節(jié)所影射的深層含義。 論文總共三章，第1章是論文的理論基礎(chǔ)部分，簡(jiǎn)要介紹結(jié)構(gòu)主義語(yǔ)言學(xué)及其理論基礎(chǔ)——“二元對(duì)立”原則，以及“二元對(duì)立”原則和文本分析之間的關(guān)系。第2、3章是本文的重點(diǎn)部分，分別分析了小說(shuō)中人物形象和故事情節(jié)所涉及到的幾組對(duì)立元素，即本我與超我，善與惡，生與死，真與假。 第2章《人物形象中的“二元對(duì)立”》。將從本我與超我，善與惡這兩組對(duì)立進(jìn)行分析。前者是小說(shuō)中最基本的一對(duì)對(duì)立，也是最明顯的一組對(duì)立。本章第一節(jié)論述本我與超我的對(duì)立不僅僅是簡(jiǎn)單地揭示人的內(nèi)心矛盾這一問(wèn)題，而是要在他們身上挖掘更深層的內(nèi)容。本章選舉的典型代表是彼拉多，他是一個(gè)感情世界極其豐富的人，尤其在處死約書(shū)亞之后，他內(nèi)心的糾結(jié)、良心的譴責(zé)，同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了另外一組對(duì)立元素，即善與惡；而本節(jié)另一位典型代表就是我們書(shū)中唯一的一位女性——瑪格麗特，她的身上集合著兩種力量，即圣潔的愛(ài)和魔鬼的妖力，她突破了自我內(nèi)心的掙扎，為了愛(ài)情放棄了一切，她既展現(xiàn)了俄羅斯傳統(tǒng)女性的美，也表現(xiàn)出了妖女不計(jì)一切后果、敢愛(ài)敢恨的一面。本章第二組對(duì)立——善與惡，也是利用了兩個(gè)人物來(lái)分析這一組對(duì)立，即善的代表——約書(shū)亞，惡的代表——沃蘭德。本章的重點(diǎn)是在沃蘭德這個(gè)人物分析上，雖然他是魔鬼，但是他并不是純惡的代表，他甚至還體現(xiàn)上帝的意志，懲惡揚(yáng)善。 第3章《故事情節(jié)中的“二元對(duì)立”》。分析了兩組對(duì)立：生與死、真與假。原罪可以導(dǎo)致“死”，救贖可以成全“生”，所以本章先用原罪與救贖這一對(duì)概念來(lái)詮釋生與死，緊接著分析死亡與再生，即從宗教角度來(lái)分析這部小說(shuō)中的情節(jié)，這一情節(jié)是基督教中人們的信仰，而小說(shuō)中大師與瑪格麗特的死亡與再生，其實(shí)是作者對(duì)美好生活的向往。分析另一組對(duì)立元素真與假時(shí)：由小說(shuō)中兩個(gè)故事情節(jié)入手，其中一個(gè)是圣經(jīng)的真假問(wèn)題，另外一個(gè)是上帝是否存在的問(wèn)題。本章并不是純粹的探討這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題是真是假，而是從這個(gè)對(duì)立點(diǎn)切入，分析作者創(chuàng)作這部小說(shuō)的真實(shí)意圖。 本文從細(xì)處著眼，運(yùn)用二元對(duì)立原則，分析了小說(shuō)中幾對(duì)對(duì)立的元素，我們不難看出作者安排文本的心思是如何完美地體現(xiàn)在這些元素的交叉與對(duì)立中，同時(shí)我們也撥開(kāi)了這些“糖果的外衣”，理解了復(fù)雜文字下的深層內(nèi)涵。 在解讀和分析《大師與瑪格麗特》這部集魔幻、現(xiàn)實(shí)和宗教于一身的巨作時(shí)，“二元對(duì)立”原則是重要方法之一，它也為我們開(kāi)啟了一個(gè)分析這部小說(shuō)的新視野。
[Abstract]:The principle of "two yuan antagonism" is the theoretical basis of the famous linguist Saussure. As a text analysis method of structuralist linguistics, the two element analysis method is widely used in Chinese and foreign literary works. It becomes a practical method of text analysis. We have made a literary work on the connotation of the opposition of two yuan. When the product is studied, the two element analysis method will undoubtedly help us to explore the connotation and artistic essence of the work more comprehensively and deeply.
< master and Margaret > author Bulgakov is a great Russian writer at the end of the nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century. Reading the writer's works will make our soul strong. < master and Margaret > is his 12 year work. This novel is also a deeply influenced work in twentieth Century. Historical time and space, the illusion of space and time intersected, the author portrays a weird and philosophical story with a surreal way and a very delicate psychological description. Although the master and Margaret are identified by many scholars as a magic novel, the content, figure analysis and writing purpose are made. Look, it is a very perfect novel with religious plot, especially in the interpretation of Jesus's belief, on the interpretation of life and death, good and evil.
Taking the works of "master and Margaret" as the research object, this article uses the two opposing methods to select several opposing elements in the novel and discuss the deep meaning of the image and plot in the literary works.
The thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical basis of the thesis. It briefly introduces the structural linguistics and its theoretical basis, the principle of "two yuan antagonism", and the relationship between the principle of "two yuan antagonism" and the text analysis. Chapter 2,3 is the key part of this article, and analyzes the characters and plot in the novel. Several opposing elements, namely, ID and superego, good and evil, life and death, true and false.
The second chapter, "the two yuan antagonism" in the figure, will be analyzed from the two opposing sides of the two pairs, the superego, the good and the evil. The former is the most basic pair of opposites in the novel, but also the most obvious group of opposites. The typical representative of this chapter is Pilate. He is a very rich person in the emotional world, especially after the death of Joshua, his inner entanglement and conscience, as well as another set of opposing elements, good and evil, and the other typical representative of this section is the only one in our book. A woman, Margaret, has two forces on her body, the holy love and the devil's power. She breaks through the struggle of her heart and gives up everything for the sake of love. She shows the beauty of the traditional Russian women, and shows the side of the demon without all the consequences. The second groups of opposites in this chapter are good and good. Evil is also the use of two characters to analyze this group of opposites, that is, the representative of the good - Joshua, the representative of evil - voland. The emphasis of this chapter is on the character analysis of voland, although he is the devil, but he is not a representative of pure evil, and he even embodies the will of the emperor and the punishment of the evil.
The third chapter, "the two yuan antagonism" in the plot of the story, analyzes the two groups of opposites: life and death, true and false. The original sin can lead to "death" and the redemption can complete "life". So this chapter first interprets life and death with the concept of original sin and redemption, and then analyses death and regeneration, that is, the plot of this novel is analyzed from the religious point of view. One plot is the belief of the people in Christianity, and the death and rebirth of the master and Margaret in the novel is actually the author's yearning for a better life. The analysis of another set of true and false elements of the opposite elements: two stories in the story, one is the true and false of the Bible, and the other is the question of whether God exists. It is not purely a discussion of the two questions that are true or false, but from the opposite point of view, analyzing the author's intention to create the novel.
This article analyses several opposing elements in the novel, using the principle of two elements and the principle of opposites. It is not difficult to see how the author's thought of arranging the text is perfectly reflected in the intersecting and antagonism of these elements. At the same time, we also put aside these "sweets" and understand the deep connotation under the complex characters.
In the interpretation and analysis of the masterpieces of magic, reality and religion, the great works of magic, reality and religion, the principle of "two yuan antagonism" is one of the most important methods, and it also opens a new perspective for us to analyze the novel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I512.074
本文編號(hào)：2129857
[Abstract]:The principle of "two yuan antagonism" is the theoretical basis of the famous linguist Saussure. As a text analysis method of structuralist linguistics, the two element analysis method is widely used in Chinese and foreign literary works. It becomes a practical method of text analysis. We have made a literary work on the connotation of the opposition of two yuan. When the product is studied, the two element analysis method will undoubtedly help us to explore the connotation and artistic essence of the work more comprehensively and deeply.
< master and Margaret > author Bulgakov is a great Russian writer at the end of the nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century. Reading the writer's works will make our soul strong. < master and Margaret > is his 12 year work. This novel is also a deeply influenced work in twentieth Century. Historical time and space, the illusion of space and time intersected, the author portrays a weird and philosophical story with a surreal way and a very delicate psychological description. Although the master and Margaret are identified by many scholars as a magic novel, the content, figure analysis and writing purpose are made. Look, it is a very perfect novel with religious plot, especially in the interpretation of Jesus's belief, on the interpretation of life and death, good and evil.
Taking the works of "master and Margaret" as the research object, this article uses the two opposing methods to select several opposing elements in the novel and discuss the deep meaning of the image and plot in the literary works.
The thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter is the theoretical basis of the thesis. It briefly introduces the structural linguistics and its theoretical basis, the principle of "two yuan antagonism", and the relationship between the principle of "two yuan antagonism" and the text analysis. Chapter 2,3 is the key part of this article, and analyzes the characters and plot in the novel. Several opposing elements, namely, ID and superego, good and evil, life and death, true and false.
The second chapter, "the two yuan antagonism" in the figure, will be analyzed from the two opposing sides of the two pairs, the superego, the good and the evil. The former is the most basic pair of opposites in the novel, but also the most obvious group of opposites. The typical representative of this chapter is Pilate. He is a very rich person in the emotional world, especially after the death of Joshua, his inner entanglement and conscience, as well as another set of opposing elements, good and evil, and the other typical representative of this section is the only one in our book. A woman, Margaret, has two forces on her body, the holy love and the devil's power. She breaks through the struggle of her heart and gives up everything for the sake of love. She shows the beauty of the traditional Russian women, and shows the side of the demon without all the consequences. The second groups of opposites in this chapter are good and good. Evil is also the use of two characters to analyze this group of opposites, that is, the representative of the good - Joshua, the representative of evil - voland. The emphasis of this chapter is on the character analysis of voland, although he is the devil, but he is not a representative of pure evil, and he even embodies the will of the emperor and the punishment of the evil.
The third chapter, "the two yuan antagonism" in the plot of the story, analyzes the two groups of opposites: life and death, true and false. The original sin can lead to "death" and the redemption can complete "life". So this chapter first interprets life and death with the concept of original sin and redemption, and then analyses death and regeneration, that is, the plot of this novel is analyzed from the religious point of view. One plot is the belief of the people in Christianity, and the death and rebirth of the master and Margaret in the novel is actually the author's yearning for a better life. The analysis of another set of true and false elements of the opposite elements: two stories in the story, one is the true and false of the Bible, and the other is the question of whether God exists. It is not purely a discussion of the two questions that are true or false, but from the opposite point of view, analyzing the author's intention to create the novel.
This article analyses several opposing elements in the novel, using the principle of two elements and the principle of opposites. It is not difficult to see how the author's thought of arranging the text is perfectly reflected in the intersecting and antagonism of these elements. At the same time, we also put aside these "sweets" and understand the deep connotation under the complex characters.
In the interpretation and analysis of the masterpieces of magic, reality and religion, the great works of magic, reality and religion, the principle of "two yuan antagonism" is one of the most important methods, and it also opens a new perspective for us to analyze the novel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I512.074
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