本文選題：自然意象　切入點：象征　出處：《西安電子科技大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：英美現(xiàn)代派詩歌大師，諾貝爾文學獎（1948）獲得者T.S.艾略特（1888-1965）的獲獎作品《四個四重奏》是模仿貝多芬四重奏音樂形式的大膽嘗試，由冠以特定地名并獨立成篇的四首詩構(gòu)成。詩人經(jīng)過八年的卓越努力，在這首抱負不凡的長詩里，運用大量意象，十分雄辯地反映了其對人生和人類命運，對時間和永恒的思考。 本文以《四個四重奏》中的自然意象為基礎(chǔ),從多維度進行剖析，解讀了生命與死亡、短暫與永恒、思慮與超脫的既矛盾又統(tǒng)一的關(guān)系。進一步闡釋了現(xiàn)象世界和本體世界的思辨性的一致，并通過對自然意象中的時間意義的關(guān)注，揭示艾略特在特殊時期，即戰(zhàn)爭結(jié)束后，對人生命運終極意義的思考。相信本研究對當今時代依然具有啟示意義。 本文共分為六章。第一章主要對詩人的文學成就及其《四個四重奏》作一個簡介。第二章梳理了象征主義理論對艾略特《四個四重奏》的影響以及在詩中的體現(xiàn)。第三、四、五章從象征主義的角度，對《四》中的三類主要意象：玫瑰園意象，水意象和火意象進行了多維度的分析。其中，第三章主要是對玫瑰園及其內(nèi)相關(guān)生物意象的象征含義進行解析。用艾略特的話說，“玫瑰園”是“旋轉(zhuǎn)世界上的靜點”，現(xiàn)在、過去和未來在這里交匯和統(tǒng)一。本章將通過分析包括玫瑰、玫瑰園、荷花、紫杉和鳥等生物意象，說明時間短暫性和永恒性的對立統(tǒng)一。第四章中，水意象具體表現(xiàn)為兩種形式：河流和海洋。河流川流不息，為生命之源，在詩中又與時間相關(guān)，卻如生命般轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝；大海廣袤神秘，是“許多神和許多聲音的集合”，卻是永恒。然而兩者并非沒有交集，它們統(tǒng)一于“時間有限和無限的交叉點”。第五章中，火這一自然意象在詩人的描寫中，既是毀滅的象征，又是重生的希望。同時，艾略特筆下的火與其玫瑰園意象一樣，，與時間和歷史緊緊相關(guān)聯(lián)。通過寫火，愛略特對時間與歷史，時間與永恒，有限與無限作了深刻的思考。詩歌的每一章都以探尋者的角度向讀者傾訴，展現(xiàn)出探尋者的整體意識，從而表達了詩人“火焰與玫瑰合二為一”的愿望。 論文的結(jié)語部分對全篇進行了總結(jié)：詩人的精神世界，即本體世界本是主觀和抽象的，但可以通過具體的意象來反映，當我們研究實實在在的自然意象在詩歌中體現(xiàn)出的象征意義時，就能較為清晰地看到詩人力圖通過自然向我們揭示的生命意義。這些意象引導我們找到一條認知的道路，幫助我們在現(xiàn)象世界的短暫性和表層性當中找到精神世界的永恒性和長存性。
[Abstract]:T. S., master of British and American modernist poetry, Nobel Prize in Literature, 1948).Elliot's award-winning work "four Quintets" is a bold attempt to imitate the music form of Beethoven's quartet. It is composed of four poems with a specific geographical name and an independent composition.After eight years of outstanding efforts, the poet used a large number of images in this ambitious poem, which eloquently reflected his thoughts on life and human destiny, time and eternity.Based on the natural images in the four quartets, this paper analyzes the contradictory and unified relations between life and death, between ephemeral and eternal, between contemplation and transcendence from many dimensions.This paper further explains the speculative consistency between the phenomenal world and the ontological world, and reveals Eliot's thinking on the ultimate meaning of life's fate in a special period, that is, after the end of the war, by paying attention to the time meaning of the natural image.It is believed that this study still has enlightening significance to the present era.This paper is divided into six chapters.The first chapter gives a brief introduction to the poet's literary achievements and his four quartets.The second chapter combs the influence of symbolism theory on Eliot's "four quartet" and its embodiment in poetry.In the third, fourth and fifth chapters, from the perspective of symbolism, the author analyzes the three main images in "four": rose garden image, water image and fire image.Among them, the third chapter mainly analyzes the symbolic meaning of the rose garden and its related biological images.In Eliot's words, the "rose garden" is "the point of the whirling world", where the present, past and future meet and unite.This chapter will illustrate the opposites of temporal transience and permanence by analyzing biological images including roses, rose gardens, lotus flowers, yew and birds.In the fourth chapter, the image of water is manifested in two forms: rivers and oceans.Rivers are the source of life, and they are related to time in poetry, but they are fleeting as life. The vast and mysterious sea is "a collection of many gods and many voices", but it is eternal.However, the two are not without the intersection, they are unified in the "time limited and infinite intersection."In the fifth chapter, the natural image of fire is not only the symbol of destruction, but also the hope of rebirth.Meanwhile, Elliott's fire is as closely related to time and history as its rose garden image.By writing fire, Eliot thought deeply about time and history, time and eternity, finite and infinite.Every chapter of the poem confides to the reader from the angle of the seeker, showing the whole consciousness of the searcher, thus expressing the poet's desire of "the fire and the rose are one".The conclusion of the paper summarizes the whole part: the poet's spiritual world, that is, the ontology world is subjective and abstract, but can be reflected by concrete images.When we study the symbolic meaning of the real natural image in poetry, we can clearly see the meaning of life which the poet tries to reveal to us through nature.These images lead us to a path of cognition and help us find the permanence and permanence of the spiritual world in the transitory and superficial nature of the phenomenal world.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I561.072

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