本文選題：生態(tài)批評　切入點：自然生態(tài)　出處：《河北師范大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：《大象的眼淚》是當代著名美國作家莎拉·克魯恩的代表作。她曾經(jīng)說,小說故事的原型是《創(chuàng)世紀》中的雅格。小說探索的主題包括：大蕭條時的馬戲團生活(克魯恩曾做過大量的調研)、人類道德指南、自身價值、精神疾病、情感驅動、現(xiàn)實與幻想、三角戀等等。 小說生動地講述了艾藍和奧古斯特對動物的迫害,最終在動物大逃亡中被動物殺害的隱喻性故事。他們把馬戲團的發(fā)展和追求利益作為終極目的。艾藍不惜一切代價買來大象和裝大象用的卡車,導致了許多工人沒有地方睡覺。甚至,由于表演不佳,利潤不夠,他為了不給工人發(fā)工錢,把工人從火車上扔下去。奧古斯特是馬戲團的首席訓練師,動物們的表演是馬戲團的生存支柱,他心里不存感激,反而因一絲絲的不順從,就會瘋狂地虐待它們。這種偏執(zhí)的行為使他們走向了與自然的完全對立,并與社會慢慢的隔絕。由于欲望無限制的膨脹,他們漸漸的陷入精神危機。最終,斷送了自己的生命。 本文試圖從生態(tài)批評的角度對《大象的眼淚》進行解讀。生態(tài)學是一門包容生命與環(huán)境,人類與自然,社會與地球,精神與物質的交叉學科。發(fā)掘、分析和評論文學經(jīng)典著作中所蘊含的生態(tài)思想是生態(tài)文學研究的重要課題。本文從生態(tài)視角來審視《大象的眼淚》中體現(xiàn)出的人與自然的關系,社會發(fā)展的不和諧和人類精神世界的危機。第一章通過小說所體現(xiàn)的人與自然的關系分析莎拉·克魯恩的自然生態(tài)觀以及她對人與自然如何和諧共存的思考。第二章通過對社會成員不平等關系,人際關系物質化和人際間的疏離的分析揭示出資本主義的社會的生態(tài)不和諧。第三章通過對人物精神世界的分析,揭示出人類對物質無限制的追求引起的內心沖突。 本論文的意義在于,她是第一次從生態(tài)的角度探討《大象的眼淚》中人與自然,人類社會之間以及人類精神世界三者關系的嘗試。而且,這三者之間相互影響。本文不僅將探討人類對自然地錯誤行為的后果,還將深入研究這種不負責任的行徑對人類社會以及人類精神世界的影響。
[Abstract]:Tears of the Elephant is the masterpiece of Sarah Cruhn, a famous contemporary American writer. She once said, The archetype of the story is the Jagger in Genesis. The themes of novel exploration include circus life during the Great Depression (Crohn has done a lot of research, a guide to human ethics, self-worth, mental illness, emotional drive, etc.). Reality and fantasy, love triangle and so on. The novel vividly describes the persecution of animals by Allen and Auguste. The metaphorical story of being killed by animals while they were on the run. They ended up with the development and pursuit of the circus. Allan bought elephants and trucks for them at all costs. As a result, many workers had no place to sleep. Even, because of poor performances and insufficient profits, he threw the workers off the train in order not to pay the workers. Auguste was the circus's chief trainer. The performance of animals was the mainstay of the circus, and he did not appreciate it, but mistreated them for the slightest bit of disobedience. This paranoia led them to a total opposition to nature. And gradually isolated from society. Because of the unlimited expansion of desire, they gradually fell into a spiritual crisis. Finally, they lost their lives. This paper attempts to interpret "tears of Elephant" from the angle of ecological criticism. Ecology is an interdisciplinary discipline that includes life and environment, human beings and nature, society and earth, spirit and matter. It is an important subject in the study of ecological literature to analyze and comment on the ecological thoughts contained in the classic works of literature. This paper examines the relationship between man and nature embodied in tears of Elephant from an ecological perspective. The disharmony of social development and the crisis of human spiritual world. The first chapter analyzes Sarah Kruen's ecological view of nature and her thoughts on how man and nature coexist harmoniously through the relationship between man and nature embodied in the novel. The second chapter adopts the unequal relationship to the members of society, The analysis of materialization and alienation of interpersonal relationships reveals the ecological disharmony of capitalist society. Chapter three reveals the inner conflicts caused by the pursuit of material unlimited by human beings through the analysis of the spiritual world of characters. The significance of this thesis is that it is the first time that she has explored the relationship between human beings and nature, human society and human spiritual world from an ecological point of view. This paper will not only discuss the consequences of human error to nature, but also deeply study the influence of such irresponsible behavior on human society and human spiritual world.
【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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本文編號：1651529