本文選題：《在路上》 + 翻譯文學(xué)　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國作家杰克·凱魯亞克(Jack Kerouac)的小說《在路上》(On the Road)1957年在美國一問世,就因?yàn)槠渑涯娴闹黝}與即興自發(fā)式的寫作手法引起巨大爭議。盡管小說出版后很長時(shí)期內(nèi)批評(píng)界始終對(duì)作品褒貶不一,小說還是在文化、傳媒、商業(yè)等各種因素的共謀之下逐漸獲得了經(jīng)典文學(xué)的地位,并最終于1972年被企鵝出版社列入了“企鵝現(xiàn)代經(jīng)典”系列叢書�！对诼飞稀吩谥袊奈膶W(xué)旅行,實(shí)際上也經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)由邊緣向中心演進(jìn)的經(jīng)典化過程,只不過這一過程更加漫長,跨越了半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的時(shí)間,并且是伴隨著中文譯本的不斷更新逐步完成的。 在上世紀(jì)60年代初,《在路上》以“黃皮書”的形式被譯成中文內(nèi)部發(fā)行,此時(shí)這部小說被打上了“反面教材”的標(biāo)簽,不僅不可能被視為經(jīng)典,反而成為嚴(yán)厲批判的對(duì)象。但是,這部作品流傳到社會(huì)上之后,卻在那一時(shí)期的青年讀者中引起了廣泛共鳴,成為備受年輕人追捧的“啟蒙讀物”。這也為小說在國內(nèi)的經(jīng)典化埋下了種子。 改革開放后,一些期刊文選在80年代已開始通過摘譯的方式刊登《在路上》的賞析片段,雖然只有寥寥幾個(gè)章節(jié),但卻可看作小說單行本翻譯出版前的一個(gè)預(yù)熱。直到1990年,漓江出版社出版了第一個(gè)公開發(fā)行的《在路上》譯本,譯本通過刪節(jié)和簡化等手段將原作在譯入語文化中變形為一部通俗文學(xué)式的作品,提高了國內(nèi)讀者的閱讀興趣,確保了作品在當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)文化語境中的可接受性。這個(gè)譯本使不少國內(nèi)讀者了解到凱魯亞克其人其作,對(duì)《在路上》在國內(nèi)的普及起到了一定作用,也使小說今后在國內(nèi)的“經(jīng)典化”成為可能。 1998年《在路上》在大陸的第一個(gè)全譯本問世,國內(nèi)讀者得以一覽小說的全貌。譯者文楚安通過副文本和具體的翻譯文本對(duì)小說進(jìn)行了一系列的“正名”,澄清了過去保守、僵化的文學(xué)觀念導(dǎo)致的誤讀,突出了作品的積極意義。由于采取了符合譯入語規(guī)范的歸化翻譯策略,并且為了迎合讀者的期待視野對(duì)原作進(jìn)行了一定的“再創(chuàng)作”,文楚安譯本在讀者群中受到了熱烈追捧,這也進(jìn)一步為《在路上》在國內(nèi)的經(jīng)典化奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。 最新出版的《在路上》是2006的王永年譯本。這個(gè)譯本在內(nèi)容上是所有譯本中最貼近原作的,也是所有譯本中誤譯最少的,達(dá)到了譯者盡可能忠實(shí)再現(xiàn)原作的翻譯目的。更重要的是,王譯本的出版引發(fā)了讀者和社會(huì)各界的一系列反響,促使小說《在路上》的經(jīng)典地位在我國翻譯文學(xué)系統(tǒng)中最終得以確立。 通過對(duì)小說《在路上》在我國的譯介歷程的研究,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：一方面,這部作品在新的語言文化場(chǎng)域中的位置是隨著整個(gè)社會(huì)文化大環(huán)境的變遷而改變的,這種改變伴隨著譯本的不斷更新；另一方面,譯本的不斷更新又反過來影響文本地位的變化,最終使《在路上》在國內(nèi)的翻譯文學(xué)體系中完成了從邊緣到中心、從非經(jīng)典到經(jīng)典的演進(jìn)。
[Abstract]:The American writer Jack Kerouac's novel on the Road (1957) was published in the United States because of its rebellious theme and spontaneous writing techniques. Although the critics of the novel have been different for a long time since the publication of the novel, the novel has gradually acquired the status of classical literature under the complicity of culture, media, commerce and other factors. Finally, in 1972, Penguin Press listed it in the Penguin Modern Classic series. On the Road, the literary journey in China actually went through a process of classicalization from the edge to the center, but the process was much longer. It spans more than half a century and is gradually completed with the continuous updating of Chinese versions. In the early 1960s, "on the Road" was translated into Chinese for internal distribution in the form of "Yellow Book". At this time, the novel was labeled as a "negative textbook", which could not be regarded as a classic, but as a subject of severe criticism. However, after its spread to society, it resonated widely among the young readers of that period and became a popular "enlightening book" among young people. This also sows the seeds for the classic of the novel in China. Since the reform and opening up, some periodical works have been published in the 1980s by way of excerpts and translations. Although there are only a few chapters, they can be regarded as a preheating before the translation and publication of the novel monographs. It was not until 1990 that Lijiang Publishing House published the first publicly released version of "on the Road", which transformed the original into a popular literary work in the target culture by means of abridgement and simplification. It improves the domestic readers' reading interest and ensures the acceptability of the works in the social and cultural context at that time. This translation makes many domestic readers understand Kerouac's works, plays a certain role in the popularization of "on the Road" in China, and makes it possible for the novel to be "classic" in the future. In 1998, the first full translation of "on the Road" was published on the mainland, enabling domestic readers to get a complete picture of the novel. The translator Wen Chu-an makes a series of "correct names" of the novel through the paraphrase and the concrete translated text, which clarifies the misreading caused by the conservative and rigid literary concepts in the past and highlights the positive significance of the works. As a result of adopting the domesticated translation strategy in accordance with the target language norms, and in order to meet the expectations of the readers, the original works have been "re-created" to a certain extent, and Wen Chu-an 's translation has been enthusiastically sought after by the readers. This also further for the "on the Road" in the domestic classic laid a solid foundation. The latest published on the Road is a 2006 translation of Wang Yongnian. In terms of content, this translation is the closest to the original and the least mistranslated of all the translations, thus achieving the purpose of faithfully reproducing the original as much as possible. More importantly, the publication of Wang's translation triggered a series of reactions from readers and all walks of life, which promoted the classic status of the novel on the Road to be established in the translation literature system of our country. Through the study of the course of translation of the novel on the Road in China, it can be found that, on the one hand, the position of the novel in the new field of language and culture changes with the changes of the whole social and cultural environment. This change is accompanied by the continuous updating of the translation; on the other hand, the continuous updating of the version in turn affects the change of the text's status, and finally makes the "on the way" in the domestic translation literature system complete from the edge to the center. The evolution from non-classical to classical.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9;I046

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