本文選題：煉火　切入點(diǎn)：儀式中音聲　出處：《上海音樂學(xué)院》2010年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《煉火》是一種在特定的時(shí)間舉行,為特定的信仰神“跑煉烏金”,通過在燒紅了的火炭上行走而達(dá)到祛邪祈福的火信仰儀式。本論文選取浙江省金華市磐安縣深澤鄉(xiāng)仰頭村的《煉火》儀式為研究對(duì)象,從儀式中音聲切入,把音聲置于信仰體系中來探究音聲、儀式、信仰三者之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系,建構(gòu)《煉火》儀式的“音聲民族志”。 本論文由緒論、正文三章和結(jié)論組成。緒論主要交代論文的研究對(duì)象、目的和田野所獲資料的依據(jù),并就研究中涉及的相關(guān)概念給以界定,梳理和評(píng)述學(xué)界相關(guān)研究狀況,以及提出關(guān)及論文研究的方法學(xué)思考。 第一章的主旨是力圖厘清《煉火》與其社會(huì)人文生態(tài)環(huán)境、各地火信仰儀式和地方信仰三者之間的關(guān)系。本章提出《煉火》是一種與借火驅(qū)蟲害、祈年答謝相關(guān)的祭祀活動(dòng)。通過《煉火》儀式的展現(xiàn),把并存于民間的巫、師/道、佛等多重信仰觀串聯(lián)為一個(gè)“朱相公信仰”整體,作用于當(dāng)?shù)氐拿癖姟?第二章對(duì)口頭敘事、民間書寫和現(xiàn)場實(shí)錄三種文本進(jìn)行描述和比較,試圖從多維度的視角建構(gòu)對(duì)《煉火》儀式的理解,作為音聲民族志文本建構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)。三種文本互為補(bǔ)充,是歷時(shí)與共時(shí)對(duì)儀式及其音聲的整體反映。 第三章以局內(nèi)觀結(jié)合“近～遠(yuǎn)”兩極變量思維方法,用“核心-中間-表層”三個(gè)層次來理解《煉火》各儀式環(huán)節(jié)及其音聲的“近～遠(yuǎn)”屬性。重點(diǎn)分析了三方面的問題：一是對(duì)三個(gè)層次內(nèi)音聲的運(yùn)用及其形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)特征進(jìn)行分析：二是分析儀式中音聲的地域性與跨地域性因素；三是從“神圣與世俗”、“音聲的多重象征意義”兩方面對(duì)儀式中音聲作進(jìn)一步闡釋。本章指出音聲作為溝通神佛的鑰匙,指向了族人以“敬”、“敬+娛”、“娛”之多重音聲祈求神佛的福佑,從而達(dá)到平安興旺之終極目的。“神圣”(“近神圣”音聲)與“世俗”(“近世俗”音聲)在一個(gè)儀式場景及同一意義中相互融合,化合于當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦娜粘Ｉ町?dāng)中。 結(jié)論部分總括全文,并進(jìn)一步闡釋《煉火》儀式音聲表象背后的文化意義,揭示了信仰借助儀式及其音聲象征符號(hào),精心營造出一種實(shí)在的氛圍和“真實(shí)”的在場感,向人們展示了一個(gè)“人與宇宙和諧均衡”的終極空間。
[Abstract]:Fire is held at a certain time, The fire belief ceremony of "running and refining wujin" for a specific belief god, through walking on the burned charcoal, was used to dispel evil spirits and pray for blessings. This paper selected the "Fire chain" ceremony in Yangtou Village, Shenze Township, Panan County, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province as the research object. In this paper, the author discusses the interaction among the sound, ceremony and belief by cutting the sound into the belief system, and constructs the ethnography of the sound and sound in the ritual. This paper is composed of introduction, three chapters and conclusions. The introduction mainly explains the research object, the purpose and the basis of the data obtained in the field, and defines the relevant concepts involved in the research, combs and reviews the relevant research situation in academic circles. And put forward the methodology of related and paper research. The main purpose of the first chapter is to clarify the relationship between "fire smelting" and its social, human and ecological environment, fire belief rituals and local beliefs. Through the display of the ceremony of "Fire chain", the multi-faith views such as witches, teachers / Taoists, Buddhas and so on, which coexist in the people, are linked together into a whole of "Zhu Xianggong's beliefs", acting on the local people. The second chapter describes and compares the three texts of oral narration, folk writing and live record, and tries to construct the understanding of "Fire chain" ritual from a multi-dimensional perspective, which is the basis of the construction of the text of phonological ethnography. The three texts complement each other. It is a diachronic and synchronic reflection of the ritual and its sound. The third chapter combines the "near to far" bipolar variable thinking method. Three levels of "core-middle-surface layer" are used to understand the "near ~ far" attributes of each ritual link and sound sound of "Fire chain". Three problems are emphatically analyzed: first, the application of internal sound of three levels and its morphological knot. The second is to analyze the regional and transregional factors of the sound in the ceremony; The third is to further explain the sound of ritual mediums from the aspects of "sacred and secular" and "the multiple symbolic significance of sound". This chapter points out that sound is the key to communication between God and Buddha. Pointing to the people with "respect", "respect for entertainment", "entertainment" so many voices to pray for the blessing of God Buddha, So as to achieve the ultimate goal of peace and prosperity. "Divine" ("near sacred" sound) and "secular" ("near secular" sound) in a ritual scene and in the same sense, combined in the daily life of local villagers. The conclusion summarizes the full text, and further explains the cultural meaning behind the sound acoustics of the ritual, and reveals that the belief, with the help of the ceremony and its phonetic symbols, has carefully created a real atmosphere and a sense of "reality" in the presence. It shows us the ultimate space of harmony and equilibrium between man and universe.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海音樂學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：J607

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