【摘要】：中國(guó)古典園林是世界三大園林體系的重要一支,以獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格和文化向世界展示著中國(guó)悠久的園林藝術(shù)特色,而西藏園林是我國(guó)少數(shù)民族園林精華的代表,是中國(guó)古典園林——風(fēng)景式山水園林不可或缺的組成部分,是世界上海拔最高的園林,成為展示西藏民族文化的名片,在世界園林體系中獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟。在漫長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展過(guò)程中形成了藏民族獨(dú)特的造園理念和布局特色,獨(dú)特的民族文化賦予了其獨(dú)特的審美藝術(shù),因此,對(duì)于西藏園林的研究不僅可以補(bǔ)充我國(guó)古典園林研究的內(nèi)容,發(fā)掘西藏園林的文化特色,而且對(duì)更詳盡地了解西藏文化有較大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論文首先運(yùn)用理論分析的方法對(duì)所研究的西藏園林進(jìn)行了概念的界定,追溯了西藏園林的起源,探討了其發(fā)展階段,結(jié)合中國(guó)古典園林的劃分原則將其分為萌芽階段、形成階段、成熟階段。根據(jù)各階段園林的特色及其隸屬關(guān)系將其分為莊園園林、寺廟園林、宗堡園林和行宮園林四大類(lèi)。其次,從園林的造園原則、影響造園的物質(zhì)因素、影響造園的思想因素和外來(lái)文化的影響四個(gè)方面探討了影響西藏園林營(yíng)建的因素。即在相地合宜的基礎(chǔ)上從西藏的自然環(huán)境入手來(lái)改善他們所居住的嚴(yán)酷的環(huán)境,營(yíng)造“第二自然”,結(jié)合植物的不同種類(lèi)和色彩以及園林內(nèi)建筑的色彩來(lái)營(yíng)造滿園四季鮮艷的特色。深受藏傳佛教文化、內(nèi)地儒家、道家文化及異域文化的影響,使得西藏園林成了多種文化的相互融合的藝術(shù)精品。然后,通過(guò)田野調(diào)查,結(jié)合現(xiàn)存的園林實(shí)例從園林的景區(qū)布局和建筑群的布局兩方面分析探討了西藏園林的布局藝術(shù)特色。最后,論文歸納、總結(jié)了西藏園林的藝術(shù)特色:藏傳佛教影響下的人與自然共存為核心的園林營(yíng)造觀念。
[Abstract]:Chinese classical garden is an important branch of the three major landscape architecture systems in the world. With its unique style and culture, Chinese classical gardens show the world long-standing artistic characteristics of Chinese gardens, while Tibetan gardens are the representative of the essence of Chinese minority gardens. It is an indispensable part of Chinese classical garden-landscape garden. It is the highest altitude garden in the world. It becomes a card to show Tibetan national culture. It is unique in the world garden system. In the long process of development, Tibetan nationality's unique garden-making concept and layout characteristics have been formed, and its unique aesthetic art has been endowed by unique national culture. Therefore, the study of Tibetan gardens can not only supplement the content of Chinese classical garden research, but also give them their unique aesthetic art. Exploring the cultural characteristics of Tibetan gardens is of great practical significance to a more detailed understanding of Tibetan culture. Firstly, the thesis defines the concept of Tibetan garden by the method of theoretical analysis, traces the origin of Tibetan garden, probes into its development stage, and divides it into budding stage combined with the division principle of Chinese classical garden. Forming stage, mature stage. According to the characteristics of each stage of garden and its subordinate relationship, it can be divided into four categories: manor garden, temple garden, Zongbao garden and walking palace garden. Secondly, the factors affecting the construction of Tibetan gardens are discussed from four aspects: the principles of garden-making, the material factors affecting garden-making, the ideological factors affecting garden-making and the influence of foreign culture. That is, on the basis of being suitable for each other, we should start with Tibet's natural environment to improve the harsh environment in which they live, and create a "second nature". Combine the different kinds and colors of plants and the colors of architecture in gardens to create the colorful features of the four seasons of the garden. Deeply influenced by Tibetan Buddhist culture, Confucian culture, Taoist culture and exotic culture, Tibetan garden has become a fine art of multi-cultural fusion. Then, through the field investigation, combining with the existing garden examples, this paper analyzes and discusses the artistic characteristics of the layout of Tibetan gardens from two aspects: the layout of scenic spots and the layout of architecture groups. Finally, the paper summarizes the artistic characteristics of Tibetan gardens: the concept of the coexistence of man and nature as the core under the influence of Tibetan Buddhism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西藏民族學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU-098.4

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