【摘要】：兒童是祖國的未來,其健康成長離不開高質(zhì)量的戶外活動環(huán)境。以前,樹枝、泥土是我們的玩具,房前屋后是我們的游樂場,然而隨著城市的不斷發(fā)展,兒童只好將擁擠的街道、居住區(qū)作為玩耍的場地,缺乏足夠的戶外活動。城市公園作為一個綜合性的兒童活動場所,它提供了一個讓兒童親近自然、探索自然的空間。在戶外活動可以緩解兒童的精神壓力,激發(fā)其創(chuàng)造力和探索精神,對兒童身心的健康成長有重要作用。因此本文沿著提出問題—分析問題—解決問題的思路,采用理論與實踐相結合的研究方法,并運用了調(diào)查的手段,深入分析公園兒童活動場地的安全性設計。本文在分析兒童行為心理、公園規(guī)劃理論的基礎上,對城市公園兒童活動場地的安全性進行了研究,并結合重慶市部分公園環(huán)境中存在兒童活動安全問題的現(xiàn)狀,進行實地調(diào)研和問卷分析,最后提出了基于安全的城市公園兒童活動場地設計,論文的主要研究成果有以下幾點:(1)本文的研究以城市公園、兒童活動場地、安全性設計為基本研究對象,首先從兒童的年齡特點、行為發(fā)展模式、兒童對活動場地建設的要求進行分析。不同年齡段兒童認知、行為能力均不相同,分析各年齡段兒童的行為心理特征,使活動場地的安全性研究更具有針對性,為后文奠定理論基礎。(2)為了更深入分析兒童活動場地的安全問題,本文采用實地觀察、問卷調(diào)查等方式,對重慶主城區(qū)部分公園兒童活動區(qū)環(huán)境進行調(diào)研,了解目前兒童活動場地使用情況,以及兒童、家長對于場地安全性的不同看法,概括影響安全的因素,包括場地的交通安全、景觀要素、設施要素以及公園的維護管理等方面。(3)在此基礎上,進一步對城市公園兒童活動場地空間進行探討,總結兒童活動場地在設計中如何選址、布局,以及在安全性的前提下進行植物配置、小品設施設計、游戲設施設計和地面材料選擇,再以兒童公園作為案例分析,并針對問題提出相應的優(yōu)化對策建議,為今后兒童活動場地設計提供一定的借鑒。本文通過對兒童行為心理的特征進行分析發(fā)現(xiàn),兒童活動安全問題是不可完全避免的。孩子們經(jīng)由運動、挑戰(zhàn)完成生理和心理的成長,我們不能為保證完全的安全環(huán)境,而限制兒童的創(chuàng)造力和想象力。任何一種環(huán)境設施都有自身的優(yōu)缺點,而一個沒有挑戰(zhàn)性的環(huán)境,對兒童也不具有太大吸引力。在游戲中受到一些小傷害并不可怕,更重要的是兒童在活動中鍛煉了自己的能力,和樹立自我保護的意識。
[Abstract]:Children are the future of the motherland, their healthy growth can not be separated from high-quality outdoor environment. In the past, branches and dirt were our toys, and the front houses were our playgrounds. However, with the development of the city, children had to use crowded streets, residential areas as playing grounds and lack of adequate outdoor activities. As a comprehensive place for children's activities, the city park provides a space for children to approach nature and explore nature. Outdoor activities can relieve children's mental stress, stimulate their creativity and explore spirit, and play an important role in the healthy growth of children's body and mind. So this paper adopts the research method of combining theory with practice, and analyzes deeply the safety design of park children's activity ground by means of investigation, along with the train of thought of putting forward problem-analysis problem-solving problem. Based on the analysis of children's behavioral psychology and park planning theory, this paper studies the safety of children's activities in urban parks, and combines the present situation of children's activities safety in some parks in Chongqing. Field investigation and questionnaire analysis are carried out. Finally, the design of the children's activity field based on safety is put forward. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the research of this paper is based on the city park, children's activity site, Safety design is the basic research object. Firstly, the characteristics of children's age, behavior development model and children's requirements for activity site construction are analyzed. Children of different ages have different cognitive and behavioral abilities. The analysis of the behavioral and psychological characteristics of children of different ages makes the research on the safety of activity sites more targeted. (2) in order to further analyze the safety problems of children's activity sites, this paper investigates the environment of children's active areas in some parks of Chongqing's main urban area by means of field observation and questionnaire survey. To understand the current use of children's venues, as well as the different views of children and parents on site safety, and summarize the factors that affect safety, including traffic safety and landscape elements, (3) on the basis of this, it further discusses the space of children's activity space in urban park, and summarizes how to choose the location and layout of the children's activity site in the design. And under the premise of safety, plant configuration, sketch facility design, game facility design and ground material selection, then take the children's park as a case study, and put forward the corresponding optimization countermeasures and suggestions. To provide some reference for the future design of children's venues. Based on the analysis of children's behavioral and psychological characteristics, it is found that the safety of children's activities can not be completely avoided. Children challenge their physical and psychological development by exercising. We cannot limit children's creativity and imagination in order to ensure a completely safe environment. Any kind of environmental facility has its own advantages and disadvantages, and an unchallenging environment is not very attractive to children. It's not scary to get a little hurt in the game, but more importantly, children exercise their abilities and develop a sense of self-protection.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU986.56

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