本文選題：礦業(yè)棕地公園 + 生態(tài)化��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：礦業(yè)棕地系棕地的一種,指“采礦、選礦和煉礦過程中被破壞或污染的非經(jīng)治理而無法利用的土地”,被稱作人類在地球表面留下的“傷疤”。礦業(yè)棕地帶來嚴(yán)重生態(tài)問題,在西方工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家,100多年前就已經(jīng)引起了社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注,生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)思想也隨之產(chǎn)生并發(fā)展起來,推動(dòng)了礦業(yè)棕地的研究和設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐。我國的礦業(yè)棕地研究相對落后,生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)思想的引進(jìn)也較晚,這歸因于我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的滯后和國土資源方面的制約。80年代以前礦業(yè)棕地修復(fù),國家關(guān)注的主要是農(nóng)業(yè)用地的復(fù)墾,現(xiàn)已大部退耕還林;在礦業(yè)棕地生態(tài)修復(fù)實(shí)踐中,國家礦山公園是我國為礦業(yè)棕地治理提出來的一個(gè)概念。當(dāng)前礦山公園是我國礦業(yè)棕地修復(fù)的主流模式。黨的十八大已經(jīng)把“生態(tài)文明建設(shè)”列為國策,礦山公園這樣的理論和實(shí)踐都已不適應(yīng)時(shí)代對礦業(yè)棕地生態(tài)修復(fù)的要求,為此,本文創(chuàng)新性提出礦業(yè)棕地公園的概念、設(shè)計(jì)理念和設(shè)計(jì)對策。論文首先探討了生態(tài)化建構(gòu)應(yīng)遵循的基礎(chǔ)理論,提出礦業(yè)棕地公園生態(tài)化建構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)理論包括:景觀生態(tài)學(xué)、景觀都市主義、生態(tài)演替理論。景觀生態(tài)學(xué)為景觀生態(tài)化建構(gòu)提供了一種新的研究范式。景觀都市主義是建筑師們在圍繞后工業(yè)時(shí)代的種種探索中涌現(xiàn)出來的設(shè)計(jì)思潮,其中的生態(tài)化理念,對后工業(yè)景觀中大量廢棄、污染并存的場地最為適用。本文在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出礦業(yè)棕地公園景觀生態(tài)化建構(gòu)的理論框架。論文在確立景觀生態(tài)化建構(gòu)應(yīng)遵循的基礎(chǔ)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步提出礦業(yè)棕地公園基于景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的生態(tài)建構(gòu)對策。通過在礦業(yè)棕地上“設(shè)計(jì)生態(tài)”,建構(gòu)人工自然,使其成為多功能的景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。使景觀生態(tài)化建構(gòu)不再僅局限于消極地保護(hù)自然空間,而是積極地在設(shè)計(jì)中尋找更多能形成與自然生態(tài)、社會(huì)功能和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施功能相交集的機(jī)會(huì)。論文提出了基于景觀生態(tài)功能的礦業(yè)棕地公園景觀建構(gòu)對策。礦業(yè)棕地公園景觀依修復(fù)后的生態(tài)功能可歸納為五種類型:(1)人工自然景觀斑塊;(2)礦業(yè)遺址景觀斑塊;(3)后工業(yè)景觀斑塊;(4)建筑設(shè)施景觀(娛樂、客服、管理等)斑塊;(5)生態(tài)廊道網(wǎng)絡(luò)。由此便可導(dǎo)出礦業(yè)棕地公園景觀功能的五大結(jié)構(gòu)組分,以便模塊化建構(gòu)。把生態(tài)過程納入棕地景觀設(shè)計(jì)中,建構(gòu)出一個(gè)“人工自然”。論文對礦業(yè)棕地公園生態(tài)格局的生態(tài)化建構(gòu)策略是,追求生態(tài)安全與生存藝術(shù)的生態(tài)格局。通過生態(tài)化格局的建構(gòu),使建構(gòu)過程成為可操作的生態(tài)邏輯。論文以湖北省黃石國家礦山公園為例進(jìn)行實(shí)例性生態(tài)化建構(gòu),在對現(xiàn)存方案評(píng)析的基礎(chǔ)上,指出其存在的生態(tài)問題;提出生態(tài)格局改造設(shè)計(jì)方案;確定景觀生態(tài)修復(fù)目標(biāo);做出基于景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的人工自然的總體格局的生態(tài)化建構(gòu)。論文通過對礦業(yè)棕地公園設(shè)計(jì)研究得出如下創(chuàng)新成果:(1)提出了礦業(yè)棕地公園的概念和生態(tài)化建構(gòu)應(yīng)遵循的基礎(chǔ)理論;(2)提出了基于景觀基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的礦業(yè)棕地公園景觀建構(gòu)策略;(3)提出了基于生態(tài)功能的礦業(yè)棕地公園的景觀建構(gòu)策略;(4)提出了基于生態(tài)格局的礦業(yè)棕地公園的景觀建構(gòu)策略。本文的研究成果對我國大量存在的礦業(yè)棕地的修復(fù)和礦業(yè)城市的生態(tài)文明建設(shè)具有實(shí)際的指導(dǎo)意義,同時(shí)也嘗試為棕地景觀生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)理論的研究向新的、縱深發(fā)展領(lǐng)域的探索做出積極有益的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:A kind of brown land, which refers to "the land that has been destroyed or polluted in the process of mining, mineral processing and smelting." it is called the "Scar" left by the earth on the surface of the earth. The mining brown land brings serious ecological problems. In western industrial developed countries, the attention of all walks of life has been aroused more than 100 years ago. The idea of ecological design has also been developed and developed, which has promoted the research and design practice of the mining brown land. The research on the mining brown land in China is relatively backward and the introduction of the ecological design idea is late. This is attributed to the lag of China's economic development and the restriction of the land and resources aspects of the restoration of the mining brown land before the.80 generation. The main concern of the state is that The reclamation of agricultural land has now been returned to the forest, and in the ecological restoration practice of the mining brown land, the National Mine Park is a concept for the management of the mining brown land in China. The current mine park is the mainstream model for the restoration of the mining brown land in China. The eighteen Party's party has already listed "the construction of the raw civilization" as the national policy, and the mine park The theory and practice have not adapted to the requirements for the ecological restoration of the mining brown land. Therefore, this paper innovatively puts forward the concept, design concept and design countermeasures of the mining brown land park. Landscape urbanism, ecological succession theory. Landscape ecology provides a new research paradigm for landscape ecological construction. Landscape urbanism is a design trend of thought emerging from various explorations around the post industrial era. The ecological concept is the most abandoned and polluted sites in the post industrial landscape. On the basis of this, this paper puts forward the theoretical framework of the ecological construction of the landscape of the mining brown land park. On the basis of establishing the basic theory that the landscape ecological construction should follow, the paper further puts forward the ecological construction countermeasures based on the landscape infrastructure in the mining palm park. Work and nature make it a multi-functional landscape infrastructure. The landscape ecological construction is no longer limited to the passive protection of the natural space, but is actively looking for more opportunities to form a combination of natural ecology, social functions and infrastructure functions in the design. The paper brings out the mining palm Park Based on the landscape ecological function. Landscape construction countermeasures. The ecological functions of the mining palm park landscape can be summed up in five types: (1) artificial natural landscape patches; (2) landscape patches of mining sites; (3) post industrial landscape patches; (4) patches of architectural landscapes (entertainment, customer service, management, etc.); (5) ecological corridor network. Thus, the landscape function of the mining palm park can be derived. The five major structural components, in order to modularized construction, put the ecological process into the brown landscape design and construct a "artificial nature". The ecological construction strategy for the ecological pattern of the mining brown land park is to pursue the ecological security and the ecological pattern of the art of survival. The thesis takes the National Mine Park of Huangshi, Hubei Province as an example, to construct a case based ecological construction. On the basis of the assessment of the existing schemes, it points out the existing ecological problems, puts forward the design scheme of the ecological pattern transformation, determines the target of the landscape ecological restoration, and makes the overall pattern of artificial nature based on the landscape infrastructure. Through the study of the design of the mining palm Park, the paper draws the following innovative achievements: (1) the concept of the mining palm Park and the basic theory that the ecological construction should be followed; (2) the landscape construction strategy of the mining palm Park Based on the landscape infrastructure is put forward; (3) the view of the mining palm Park Based on the ecological function is put forward. View construction strategy; (4) put forward the landscape construction strategy of mining brown land park based on ecological pattern. The research results of this paper have practical guiding significance for the restoration of mining palm land and the ecological civilization construction of mining cities in China. At the same time, it also tries to develop a new and deep development of the research on the theory of brown ground view ecological design. The exploration of the field has made a positive and beneficial contribution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU986.5
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本文編號(hào)：1949667