本文選題：土地生態(tài) + 生態(tài)安全評價�。� 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是地球的生命維持系統(tǒng),是人類生產(chǎn)和發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和前提。長期以來,人類為追求經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展,不惜過度開發(fā)利用自然資源,導(dǎo)致生態(tài)失衡和環(huán)境污染等全球生態(tài)問題日益凸顯,生態(tài)安全受到嚴重的挑戰(zhàn)。土地整治作為我國的重要戰(zhàn)略起到了重要作用。但是土地整治的目標重視社會效益和經(jīng)濟效益,缺乏對生態(tài)效益的考慮,忽視了土地資源生態(tài)保護的重要性。通過對土地整治項目的生態(tài)安全研究,可以有效的從源頭扼制項目實施所導(dǎo)致的環(huán)境污染與生態(tài)破壞問題,有利于提高土地整治工作的科學(xué)性;有利于完善土地整治項目生態(tài)安全評價的理論與方法體系,為今后土地整治項目生態(tài)安全研究工作的開展提供一定的參考與借鑒。本文以志丹縣的土地整治項目為研究對象,分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)分項目類型劃分了評價單元,對其進行生態(tài)安全研究。首先從生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)價值和景觀生態(tài)安全兩個角度對志丹縣土地整治項目進行評價;然后基于PSR模型,構(gòu)建生態(tài)安全評價指標體系,選取了包括生態(tài)服務(wù)功能價值增加量和景觀生態(tài)安全指數(shù)在內(nèi)的16個指標,結(jié)合變異系數(shù)法和層次分析法綜合確定權(quán)重,對志丹縣土地整治項目的生態(tài)安全進行了定量評價,并劃分了各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)各項目類型的生態(tài)安全狀態(tài);最后根據(jù)生態(tài)安全評價的結(jié)果進行志丹縣土地整治項目的生態(tài)安全綜合分析并提出建議。研究表明:(1)土地整治前項目區(qū)域的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值總量為2333.41萬元,預(yù)計整治后項目區(qū)域的生態(tài)服務(wù)價值總量為5726.94萬元,比整治前增加了3393.54萬元。(2)土地整治項目總體的景觀生態(tài)安全指數(shù)為0.5022,景觀生態(tài)安全度不高。(3)志丹縣土地整治項目的生態(tài)安全綜合指數(shù)介于0.35~0.65之間,水平較低。生態(tài)安全狀態(tài)為“安全”的評價分區(qū)有6個,主要分布在志丹縣的東部和東南部;“較安全”的有9個分區(qū),主要分布在志丹縣的東北和西南的廣大區(qū)域;“不安全”的有3個,主要分布在志丹縣的西北部。(4)土地整治實施過程中應(yīng)保持土地整治項目區(qū)的生態(tài)多樣性及景觀生態(tài)安全等;重視經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中產(chǎn)生的污染問題及對生態(tài)環(huán)境造成的壓力;積極采取生態(tài)環(huán)境保護措施,加大生態(tài)建設(shè)投資。
[Abstract]:Ecosystem is the life support system of the earth and the material foundation and premise of human production and development. For a long time, in order to pursue rapid economic development, human beings have been willing to over-exploit and utilize natural resources, leading to global ecological problems such as ecological imbalance and environmental pollution, and ecological security has been seriously challenged. Land regulation as an important strategy of our country has played an important role. However, the goal of land regulation attaches importance to social and economic benefits, and lacks consideration of ecological benefits, neglecting the importance of ecological protection of land resources. Through the study of ecological security of land regulation projects, the problems of environmental pollution and ecological destruction caused by the implementation of the projects can be effectively curbed from the source, which is conducive to improving the scientific nature of land renovation work; It is propitious to perfect the theory and method system of ecological security evaluation of land renovation project, and to provide some reference for the future research work of ecological security of land renovation project. In this paper, the land regulation project in Zhidan County is taken as the research object, and the evaluation unit is divided into villages and towns, and the ecological security is studied. Firstly, the paper evaluates the land regulation project in Zhidan County from the view of ecosystem service value and landscape ecological security, and then constructs the ecological security evaluation index system based on PSR model. Sixteen indexes, including the value added of ecological service function and the ecological security index of landscape, were selected to evaluate the ecological security of the land regulation project in Zhidan county by means of coefficient of variation and analytic hierarchy process. Finally according to the results of ecological security evaluation the ecological security of the land regulation project in Zhidan county is analyzed and some suggestions are put forward. The study shows that the total ecological service value of the project area before land renovation is 23.3341 million yuan, and the total ecological service value of the project area after the renovation is estimated to be 57.2694 million yuan. The total landscape ecological security index of the land regulation project is 0.5022, and the landscape ecological security degree is not high. 3) the comprehensive ecological security index of the land regulation project in Zhidan County is between 0.35 and 0.65, and the level is lower. There are 6 assessment zones with "safe" status, mainly in the east and southeast of Zhidan County, 9 "safer" areas, mainly in the northeast and southwest of Zhidan County. There are three "unsafe", mainly distributed in the northwest of Zhidan County. (4) during the process of land regulation implementation, the ecological diversity and landscape ecological security of the land regulation project area should be maintained. Pay attention to the problem of pollution and the pressure on the ecological environment in the process of economic development, take the measures of protecting the ecological environment actively and increase the investment in ecological construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X826;F301.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 李巖;薄宏;;西江下游流域生態(tài)經(jīng)濟與承載力研究——基于生態(tài)足跡法[J];發(fā)展研究;2010年04期

2 王興貴;;基于生態(tài)足跡的甘孜州與內(nèi)蒙古草地生態(tài)安全對比研究[J];國土與自然資源研究;2011年03期

，

本文編號：1947864