本文選題：公園感知　切入點(diǎn)：上海市公園　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在城市化發(fā)展的今天,我們城市所面臨的環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞等城市問題,大多是由于不合理的景觀格局造成城市內(nèi)部各要素之間的不協(xié)調(diào),從而削弱了城市景觀的生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)功能。公園作為城市景觀生態(tài)格局的重要組成部分,對(duì)緩解城市環(huán)境污染與生態(tài)破壞,改善城市景觀生態(tài)有重要意義。那么公園的感知研究就被提上日程。本文主要是通過研究上海公園的感知,然后得出什么樣的公園才是最被公眾所接受的。本文以上海市的濱江森林公園,佘山國(guó)家森林公園,共青森林公園,上海延中公園,海灣森林公園和濱海森林公園為例,首先在公園獲取的48張照片,選擇一定數(shù)量的照片作為景觀照片,這些照片要能代表公園景色的所有特征,又能包含所有的評(píng)價(jià)因子。采用實(shí)地評(píng)價(jià)和室內(nèi)問卷結(jié)合方式,得出照片的美景度,然后提取景觀的要素以及測(cè)定各景觀要素的值,建立景觀的美景度觀測(cè)值與確定的各要素值之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型。然后通過數(shù)學(xué)模型可以計(jì)算出每個(gè)公園的美景度。通過公園設(shè)計(jì)CAD圖紙以及Google Earth地圖為基礎(chǔ),通過實(shí)地檢查,確定斑塊邊界,在Autocad軟件的支持下,提取斑塊面積和周長(zhǎng)等基本斑塊數(shù)據(jù)。然后應(yīng)用景觀生態(tài)學(xué)中的景觀格局分析理論以及方法。確定景觀格局的各種參數(shù)。得出各大公園的各種景觀格局參數(shù)。于2013年11月20日到12月15日期間,對(duì)上海市6個(gè)公園進(jìn)行了負(fù)氧離子的監(jiān)測(cè)。計(jì)算負(fù)氧離子10分鐘濃度的均值。而且時(shí)間都是從10點(diǎn)到下午4點(diǎn)之前。天氣都是選擇在晴天。季節(jié)都是秋季。監(jiān)測(cè)地點(diǎn)都是相同樹林邊或者樹林內(nèi)。不少文獻(xiàn)中都顯示了負(fù)氧離子的濃度和生態(tài)用地的位置,氣象離子有關(guān)。所以監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)盡量選擇在相同的天氣,溫度和環(huán)境中。本次檢測(cè)的負(fù)氧離子都是在秋季,然而通過文獻(xiàn)可以得知道負(fù)氧離子在不同季節(jié)是不相同的。所以在環(huán)科院和監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)得到夏季的數(shù)據(jù),然后測(cè)算平均值。然后我們可以分析上海市公園美景度和景觀格局以及負(fù)氧離子的關(guān)聯(lián)性。得出數(shù)據(jù),通過圖表分析。我們可以看到公園景觀格局和負(fù)氧離子對(duì)公園的影響。公園的景觀破碎度指數(shù)對(duì)美景度的影響是有個(gè)峰值的,超過或者低于這個(gè)峰值,美景度會(huì)變小。景觀多樣性越高,美景度越高。我們可以知道廊道密度指數(shù)也是具有峰值的,只有找到最適合的廊道密度才能最具有美景度。負(fù)氧離子與美景度是成正比的,也就是說在一定范圍內(nèi)負(fù)氧離子越高,美景度越大。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization, most of the urban problems, such as environmental pollution, ecological destruction and so on, are caused by the unreasonable landscape pattern, which results in the disharmony among the elements of the city, which weakens the ecology of the urban landscape. Economic and social functions. As an important part of urban landscape ecological pattern, parks can alleviate urban environmental pollution and ecological damage. It is of great significance to improve the urban landscape ecology. So, the research on the perception of parks is put on the agenda. This paper mainly studies the perception of parks in Shanghai. Then what kind of parks are most accepted by the public? this paper takes Binjiang Forest Park, Sheshan National Forest Park, Yongqing Forest Park, Yanzhong Park, Bay Forest Park and Binhai Forest Park as examples. First of all, 48 photos obtained in the park, selected a certain number of photos as landscape photos, which can represent all the features of the park scenery, and can also include all the evaluation factors. Get the beauty of the picture, then extract the elements of the landscape and measure the values of the elements of the landscape, A mathematical model of the beauty of the landscape between the observed values and the determined values of the elements is established. Then the beauty of each park can be calculated by mathematical models. Based on the design of CAD drawings and Google Earth maps of the park, a field inspection is carried out. Determine the plaque boundary, with the support of the Autocad software, The basic patch data, such as patch area and perimeter, were extracted, and then the landscape pattern analysis theory and method in landscape ecology were applied to determine the various parameters of landscape pattern. Between November 20th 2013 and December 15th, The negative oxygen ion is monitored in 6 parks in Shanghai. The average concentration of negative oxygen ion in 10 minutes is calculated. And the time is from 10:00 to 4 pm. The weather is chosen in sunny weather. The season is autumn. The site is the same forest edge or forest. A lot of literature shows the concentration of negative oxygen ions and the location of ecological land. Weather ions are related. So the monitoring points are chosen as far as possible in the same weather, temperature and environment. The negative oxygen ions detected this time are all in the autumn. However, the literature shows that the negative oxygen ions are different in different seasons. So the summer data are obtained at the Academy of Environmental Sciences and at the monitoring points. And then we can measure the average. And then we can analyze the correlation between the beauty of the parks in Shanghai, the landscape pattern, and the negative oxygen ions. From the chart analysis, we can see the landscape pattern of the park and the influence of negative oxygen ions on the park. The landscape fragmentation index of the park has a peak effect on the beauty, which is above or below this peak. The greater the diversity of the landscape, the higher the beauty. We can see that the corridor density index has its peak value, and that only the most suitable corridor density can be the most beautiful. Negative oxygen ions are proportional to the beauty. In other words, within a certain range of negative oxygen ions higher, the greater the beauty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU986.5

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