【摘要】：葉圣陶的寫(xiě)作實(shí)踐、教學(xué)實(shí)踐和寫(xiě)作理論研究活動(dòng),幾乎跨越了20世紀(jì)中國(guó)寫(xiě)作理論發(fā)展的每一個(gè)歷史階段。不論是在他生活的20世紀(jì)還是到今天的21世紀(jì),他那些關(guān)于寫(xiě)作教育的真知灼見(jiàn),在教育系統(tǒng)中一直發(fā)揮著不可忽視的影響力。特別是在提倡素質(zhì)教育、人本教育的今天,他的關(guān)注“人”本身的寫(xiě)作教育思想,對(duì)中學(xué)作文教學(xué)有著宏觀的指引作用。因此,從“人本論”的角度研究葉圣陶的寫(xiě)作理論,可以為寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的發(fā)展提供新的研究視角。本文主要內(nèi)容如下： 梳理葉圣陶寫(xiě)作理論中與寫(xiě)作主體有關(guān)的觀點(diǎn),主要包括“求誠(chéng)”為核心的文德觀、“寫(xiě)生”式的寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練觀、“應(yīng)需”的寫(xiě)作目的觀、培養(yǎng)習(xí)慣的寫(xiě)作教學(xué)觀。葉圣陶對(duì)寫(xiě)作主體的確立在當(dāng)時(shí)為寫(xiě)作學(xué)的研究開(kāi)辟了新的視野,對(duì)當(dāng)今的寫(xiě)作教學(xué)實(shí)踐具有指導(dǎo)意義。 分析葉圣陶的寫(xiě)作教學(xué)定位觀。葉圣陶的寫(xiě)作理論,主要是針對(duì)中學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作而發(fā),具有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性。他認(rèn)為寫(xiě)作教學(xué)要有成績(jī),首先必須清楚認(rèn)識(shí)中學(xué)生的身心獨(dú)特性,應(yīng)明確中學(xué)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的范疇是“普通文章”的寫(xiě)作,糾正“文學(xué)寫(xiě)作”的教學(xué)觀念誤區(qū)；其次,中學(xué)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作能力,為以后適應(yīng)工作生活中的各種文體做準(zhǔn)備；再次,中學(xué)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)應(yīng)遵循一個(gè)總的指導(dǎo)原則,即寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的最終目標(biāo)是將“作文”與“做人”統(tǒng)一起來(lái)。同時(shí),通過(guò)解讀葉圣陶的語(yǔ)文教育論集,揭示葉圣陶關(guān)于寫(xiě)作能力的構(gòu)成分析。 葉圣陶對(duì)中學(xué)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的實(shí)施主體——教師在寫(xiě)作教學(xué)中的作用非常重視,對(duì)教師在作文教學(xué)中的地位做了具體的分析與建議,從作文命題與作文評(píng)改兩個(gè)角度,提煉葉圣陶的教師指導(dǎo)觀,教師應(yīng)鉆到學(xué)生心里去,命題時(shí)力求使學(xué)生從被動(dòng)作文轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橹鲃?dòng)作文,評(píng)改則以使學(xué)生在作文練習(xí)中獲得肯定性的情緒體驗(yàn)為準(zhǔn)則。 葉圣陶寫(xiě)作理論中蘊(yùn)含的“新文化”理念。從培養(yǎng)公民意識(shí)、抒發(fā)真情真性、培養(yǎng)個(gè)性三個(gè)方面闡發(fā)葉圣陶對(duì)“新文化”理念與寫(xiě)作教育思想的融會(huì)貫通。 總之,本論文從寫(xiě)作主體、寫(xiě)作教學(xué)對(duì)象、寫(xiě)作教學(xué)實(shí)施主體、寫(xiě)作教育思想中的人文理念四個(gè)層面,考察葉圣陶的寫(xiě)作教育思想,認(rèn)識(shí)其寫(xiě)作理論的發(fā)展性與前瞻性,用以指導(dǎo)當(dāng)今寫(xiě)作教育。
[Abstract]:Ye Shengtao's writing practice, teaching practice and writing theory research activities have almost crossed every historical stage of the development of Chinese writing theory in the 20th century. Both in the 20th century and in the 21st century, his insights on writing education have been playing an important role in the educational system. Especially in advocating quality-oriented education and humanism education, his thought of writing education of "people" itself has a macro-guiding effect on composition teaching in middle schools. Therefore, studying Ye Shengtao's writing theory from the angle of humanism can provide a new perspective for the development of writing teaching. The main contents of this paper are as follows: combing Ye Shengtao's writing theory related to the main points of writing, mainly including "honesty" as the core of the moral concept, "sketch" style of writing training view, "should need" writing purpose view, Cultivate habit of writing teaching view. Ye Shengtao's establishment of writing subject at that time opened up a new field of vision for the study of writing, which is of guiding significance to the teaching practice of writing today. This paper analyzes Ye Shengtao's view of teaching orientation in writing. Ye Shengtao's writing theory, mainly aimed at middle school students learning to write, has strong pertinence. He thinks that in order to have achievements in writing teaching, first of all, we must clearly understand the unique mental and physical characteristics of middle school students, and make it clear that the category of writing teaching in middle schools is the writing of "ordinary articles" and correct the misunderstanding of teaching ideas of "literary writing". Secondly, the goal of writing teaching in middle school is to cultivate students' writing ability and prepare them for adapting to various styles in working life. Thirdly, the middle school writing teaching should follow a general guiding principle, that is, the ultimate goal of writing teaching is to unify "composition" and "man". At the same time, by interpreting Ye Shengtao's collection of theories on Chinese education, this paper reveals Ye Shengtao's analysis of the composition of his writing ability. Ye Shengtao attached great importance to the role of teachers in the teaching of writing in middle school, and made concrete analysis and suggestions on the position of teachers in the teaching of composition, from the two angles of composition proposition and composition evaluation. To refine Ye Shengtao's view of teacher guidance, teachers should drill into the students' hearts, and make every effort to change the students from passive composition to active composition. The criterion of evaluation is to enable students to obtain positive emotional experience in composition exercises. Ye Shengtao's writing theory contains the idea of "new culture". This paper expounds Ye Shengtao's understanding of the idea of "New Culture" and the thought of writing education from three aspects: cultivating the civic consciousness, expressing the truth of the true feelings and cultivating the individuality. In a word, from four aspects of writing subject, writing teaching object, writing teaching implementing subject, writing education thought and humanistic idea, this paper investigates Ye Shengtao's writing education thought, and realizes the development and foresight of his writing theory. To guide today's writing education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H15

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2391655